Law Enforcement

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://archive.ph/vzQ4a

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Regular joint patrols are done since 1999 in implementing the 1996 and 1997 agreements on reducing military forces in border areas and strengthening military trust in border areas. Border guards of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan conduct several rounds of joint border inspection annually, about 4 times a year, each time inspecting two areas of border.

1. http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2015/0616/c70731-27158948.html

Answered by Bakytbek Satybekov and Niva Yau, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

A small People’s Armed Police (PAP) unit operating in Tajikistan’s Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO). Link

1. https://oxussociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/the-growth-adaptation-and-limitations-of-chinese-private-security-companies-in-central-asia.pdf

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below links.

1. https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20160929191100014
2. https://www.korea.kr/news/pressReleaseView.do?newsId=155762787
3. http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/view/2020-11/13/content_9936100.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Vietnam joined PRC police force in “joint” patrols in the joint fishing area in the Tonkin Gulf, established in the Maritime Border Treaty of 2000, and in some areas along the land border, but the patrols are coordinated rather than joint in the sense we commonly think of it in the US. So, this answer could be considered "no" depending on the interpretation of "joint patrols"

1. https://vietnamnews.vn/politics-laws/835899/vietnamese-chinese-coast-guards-conduct-joint-patrol-in-tonkin-gulf.html
2. https://thediplomat.com/2018/10/china-vietnam-joint-patrols-in-the-spotlight/

Answered by Alexander Vuving, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Only border patrol along Mekong river countries found. China starts joint patrols along Mekong River with Laos, Myanmar and Thailand Link, A joint drill is conducted by border police forces from China, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar on the Mekong River Link, Seven years on, joint patrols on Mekong stabilize region Link) [Second respondent]: Not occur normally, in 2011, the PRC send representatives of police force to investigate Mekong River Massacre in Thailand and Lao. Link However, I believe that there have more crime that PRC police force has investigates in Thai territory.

1. http://en.people.cn/102774/7672263.html,
2. https://www.chinadailyhk.com/article/122507
3. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-11/21/c_137620350_2.htm
4. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-19671446

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

• In August, Chinese police flew to Cambodia to extradite 150 Chinese nationals who were allegedly part of online extortion rings. • …Nearly 1,000 suspects have been apprehended by Chinese and Cambodian police in a joint crackdown on online gambling, telecommunication fraud and gang crimes this year, said the Ministry of Public Security…. China and Cambodia launched the year of law enforcement cooperation in March, aiming to jointly combat major crimes such as illegal online gambling, telecommunication fraud, drug and gang crimes to safeguard the security and social stability of the two countries…. Link

1. https://interactive.aljazeera.com/aje/2019/cambodia-casino-gamble/index.html
2. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201909/21/WS5d85e995a310cf3e3556cc10.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://www.mup.gov.rs/wps/wcm/connect/94593249-ea65-4af8-a6fd-a7e9a1a0a165/Kina+-+Memorandum+o+razumevanju+o+sprovo%C4%91enju+zajedni%C4%8Dkih+policijskih+patrola.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=nca3uwf
2. https://rtv.rs/sr_lat/drustvo/mup-kineska-policija-nece-primenjivati-ovlascenja-u-srbiji_1049692.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

“One important trend in recent years has been the launch of “Cooperation 2019,” a series of drills allowing China to enhance the interoperability of local paramilitary units with its own People’s Armed Police (PAP). Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan all took part in 2019, marking the first time their national guard units had trained with China on counterterrorism.” Link "The Uzbekistan National Guard and the Chinese People’s Armed Police (PAP) held their largest bilateral exercise in the “Forish” training ground in Uzbekistan in mid-May. The two conducted counterterrorism exercises focused on a mission eliminating terrorists from a multi-story residential building and freeing hostages. The multi-day exercise involved other public order exercises as well. " Link

1. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/kennan-cable-no-52-russias-shadow-chinas-rising-security-presence-central-asia
2. https://thediplomat.com/2019/05/uzbekistan-leans-on-china-for-public-security-cooperation/

Answered by Farkhad Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Reports of joint counter terrorism operations of Chinese and Afghan troops.

1. https://www.aninews.in/news/world/business/china-confirms-039joint-counter-terrorism039-operations-with-afghanistan-but-039not-with-military/
2. https://thediplomat.com/2017/02/are-chinese-forces-conducting-patrols-in-afghanistan/
3. http://www.islamedianalysis.info/chinese-forces-in-afghanistan-beijing-confirms-joint-counter-terrorism-operations-with-kabul/?cn-reloaded=1+

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.poliziadistato.it/articolo/15435b163b244ead0568454355
2. https://www.poliziadistato.it/articolo/225dc132752fd60626399822

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to the media, the Taiwanese and Chinese governments discussed about exchange police forces and set up offices. But it eventually never happens.

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qs3G0uuqs5Y

Answered by Lee Penghsuan, and has been reviewed by Chen Yu-jie

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No publicly available evidence to support this claim in the affirmative.

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is not yet any PRC police force joint patrols with local law enforcement in Indonesia. However, Indonesia and the PRC have partaken joint naval drills near Jakarta. Additionally, to note, Indonesia has urged further joint patrols with China in the South China Sea.

1. https://www.scmp.com/video/china/3132931/china-and-indonesia-conduct-joint-naval-drill-near-jakarta
2. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-05-30/indonesia-urges-peace-patrols-with-china-in-south-china-sea-iaao1wmc

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No

Supplementary Notes

No known instance.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Tinatin Khidasheli

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Tatiana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence

Answered by Jean Githae, and has been reviewed by Tolera Gemta

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence to include

Answered by Mary Mutisya, and has been reviewed by Allan Cheboi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of this

Answered by Eromosele John Aitokhuehi, and has been reviewed by Lekan Otufodunrin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No clear evidence during research period.

Answered by Amanda Strydom, and has been reviewed by Chris Roper and Joyce Lin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of this

Answered by Christian Ngnie, and has been reviewed by Fadel Thior

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of a joint patrol carried out between China and Brazil was found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence that representatives of the PRC police force have joint patrols with local law enforcement because it is prohibited by law in Bolivia.

Answered by Eloisa Larrea Montaño, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is incresing cooperation between local police and PRC police officials (as shown here: Link), but there has not been joint patrols exercises reported.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Through an online search, major newspapers and academic journals, there is no record of joint patrols.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. http://www.embapartwroc.com.tw/convenios_bilaterales_es

Supplementary Notes

Paraguay does not have diplomatic relations with the PRC, but rather recognizes Taiwan. For this reason, this kind of cooperation it is no possible.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no information about joint patrols with any foreign country in Chile.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no reports of this having happened.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Supplementary Notes

There’s no evidence that Mexico has done joint patrols with China. Mexico has also refused to joint patrols with the USA.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Supplementary Notes

In Peru, Chinese mineral companies signed up Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with local police in order to support the Chinese companies to solve social conflicts.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

no evidence of this was found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Maiko Ichihara, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Article from 2019 regarding proposal to have PRC police force in the country: Link

1. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/geopolitics/article/3024757/police-philippines-china-plan-collaboration-foil-casino

Supplementary Notes

There has been a proposal that the Philippines and China will collaborate to solve crimes committed by Chinese nationals against their compatriots but there are no news or article discussing that the plan was pushed through especially since the pandemic hits the country.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Participation in Police Training is found but no supporting evidence on joint patrol as most of the joint patrol are held along the Mekong river with Thailand, , Laos, Myanmar. A total of 760 foreign officers from Saudi Arabia and ASEAN countries such as Laos, Myanmar, and Malaysia have taken part in the police training programs in Beijing. Link

1. https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1147860.shtml

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of that available.

Answered by Didi Kirsten Tatlow, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of that available.

Answered by Frank Jüris, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of that available.

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Martin Hála

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Bosnia and Herzegovina has not signed any agreements on joint police patrols.

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold, Amina Celikovic, Selma Asceric, Darko Brkan, Emir Velic, Semir Dzebo, Aldin Karahasanovic and Emir Muric, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence available.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no evidence of this having taken place.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Martin Thorley

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Didn't find any proof that Indian law enforcement or either PRC police force have had any joint patrol.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Edval Zoto, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No public data is available.

Answered by Una Berzina-Cherenkova, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No available data on this question

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There has been joint patrol between the Ghanaian and Chinese navies but not with the local Police.

1. http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/view/2018-06/06/content_8053858.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There have been joint naval drills between both countries but there is no available information if such has happened between the Chinese Police and its Tanzanian counterpart.

1. http://www.fahamu.org/ep_articles/china-tanzania-carrying-out-month-long-joint-naval-drills/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Information source with media officer at the Gambian Ministry of Foreign Affairs as well as the PRO of the Minisry of Defence suggests that is yet to happen in the Gambia.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

But there have been speculation about Chinese police training Zambian police

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by , and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Apparently no other instance since 2014. (see below URL)

1. https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2014/05/12/des-policiers-chinois-a-paris_4415066_3224.html

Answered by Filip Noubel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no joint patrol and no such data was found during our research.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No such incident occurred.

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Macikenaite and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No evidence to suggest otherwise.

Answered by Rumena Filipova and Mirela Petkova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There has up until now been no public report of such a phenomenon in Austria.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

NA

Supplementary Notes

There is no evidence that suggests otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristína Kironská

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no evidence for this claim.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence exists to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence exists to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

At the same time, given that Greece targets the huge pool of outgoing Chinese tourists, such a prospect may be on the cards in the future, as is the case in Italy or Serbia.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Se han recibido visitas de funcionarios de alto nivel de la RPC, pero no se realizan patrullajes conjuntos con ellos. Hasta la fecha, solamente hay convenios de patrullaje conjunto con EE.UU. para el combate al narcotráfico, y con fuerzas policiales de la región, pero no de la RPC.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No existen reportes ni ningún tipo de convenio en el nivel policial de este tipo.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

En Panamá existe una Fuerza Marítima Conjunta integrada por estamentos de seguridad asesorados por agencias estadounidenses. Por esto es poco probable que se realicen patrullajes junto a fuerzas de seguridad de China.

1. https://arap.gob.pa/arap-y-senan-realizan-operaciones-conjuntas-con-el-servicio
2. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wQ4EujIY7QxKdq2crIGgkmulLw5UbExQ/view

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In Romania, there haven't been any records of joint patrols by the Romanian and the PRC representatives

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Joint patrols between Moldovan and PRC police would be logistically, culturally and economically difficult, with little use for either side. No examples found and very unlikely to happen

Answered by Eugen Muravschi, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not practically possible

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.parool.nl/nieuws/politie-gaat-nauwer-samenwerken-met-china~b1bd305f/

Supplementary Notes

Few sources on this are available. In 2014, the head of the Dutch police travelled to China to initiate closer cooperation to counter international drug trafficking, but there don't seem to be follow ups, nor stories of joint patrols

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by Gubad Ibadoghlu and Vusal Guliyev, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Found no recent evidence.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No such incident occurred.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of joint policing in Pakistan

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.