Law Enforcement

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Agreement between the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia and the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China on cooperation in the fight against crime Link

1. https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/3822149?publication=0

Answered by Valeri Chechelashvili, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Armenia is indicated in the list: Link

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link Although the extradition agreement between Azerbaijan and China has been approved, there is no person to be extradited from either country. Zavar Gafarli, head of the international legal cooperation department of the Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan, informed Trend about this. Link The supreme legislative body of China approved the agreement between Azerbaijan and this country on the transfer of convicts.

1. https://az.trend.az/azerbaijan/society/835022.html
2. https://report.az/xarici-siyaset/azerbaycan-ve-cin-mehkumlarin-tehvil-verilmesi-barede-raziliga-gelib/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Kazakhstan is in the list.

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by Danil Bekturganov and Tatyana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Uzbekistan’s Academy of the Ministry of Interior Affairs (MIA) and the People’s Public Security University of China, run by China’s powerful Ministry of Public Security, have been official partners since May 2017. Since then, China has hosted 213 Uzbek MIA employees over the course of 38 meetings for security briefings on counterterrorism and drug trafficking. Link Uzbekistan is listed in China’s extradition treaties. Link

1. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/kennan-cable-no-52-russias-shadow-chinas-rising-security-presence-central-asia
2. https://academic.oup.com/irap/article/24/1/101/7136001

Answered by Farkhod Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes. Please refer to the website: Link

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Kyrgyzstan is indicated.

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Consumer Protection Agency's cooperation with the PRC on enhancing cooperation in preventing commercial fraud and enhancing consumer rights protection. Link “In March 2019, the Director of Egypt's Information and Communication Bureau outlined possible future training cooperation between Egyptian law enforcement and Meiya Pico.” Link Link Link The Ministry of Interior signed a technical cooperation document with the Chinese Ministry of Security. Link the two sides signed a security cooperation agreement between the Egyptian Ministry of Interior and the Chinese Ministry of Public Security.

1. https://roayahnews.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%85/
2. https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=21092016&id=215e3f2a-5381-4185-9baf-aea7fcae2f98
3. https://www.meiyapico.com/the-assistant-minister-of-interior-and-the-director-of-information-and-communication-bureau-of-egypt-mr-ahmed-mostafa-visited-meiya-pico_n11
4. https://chinatechmap.aspi.org.au/#/map/
5. https://www.cpa.gov.eg/ar-eg/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2/ArtMID/655/ArticleID/4878/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%80%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%80%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%80%D8%A9

Supplementary Notes

Link Egypt’s minister of internal affairs praised the level of bilateral security relations between the two countries, stressing his keenness to advance them to broader horizons. He also pointed out that the ministry’s policy aims to be open and communicate with all security agencies in friendly countries in light of the challenges and threats imposed by the current regional situation, which have become dangerous for most countries.

1. https://www.chinainarabic.org/?p=27936

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"YES- Belarus is identified Link"

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Mongolia is listed: Link

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by Dulamkhorloo Baatar, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Currently, Mexico and China mantain an important cooperation and mutual assistance in law issues. As a part of this cooperation, both countries signed a extradition treaty in 2005. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E5%90%88%E4%BC%97%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%8F%E5%8A%A9%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6/6412772?fr=aladdin
2. https://legislacion.scjn.gob.mx/Buscador/Paginas/wfArticuladoFast.aspx?q=u3mSVZXiTTdVnqIPCt1bg5aLFP8QnwjOMeFjGJE61sXZBvS0SIZkCuDYWFBUjwOEvwQ27UywPBX1N25hDPY70w==
3. https://www.scjn.gob.mx/relaciones-institucionales/node/120

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The treaty was signed has not been rapproved by Panama's national assembly. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://mire.gob.pa/ministerio/tratados/tratado-de-extradicion-entre-la-republica-de-panama-y-la-republica-popular-china/%20;

Answered by Alonso Illueca, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Since 2001, Peru has had a treaty in force with the People's Republic of China for extradition. Therefore, this indicator deserves a “Yes” response.Link

1. https://cdn.www.gob.pe/uploads/document/file/1611517/TRATADO%20EXTRADICI%C3%93N%20CHINA.pdf?v=1612472164

Supplementary Notes

Since the signing of the extradition treaty between the People's Republic of China and Peru, there have been numerous cases of Chinese citizens extradited

Answered by Jack Lo Lau and Jorge Jesús Chávez Ortíz, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Despite both countries have not signed an Extradition Treaty yet, there are a lot a evidence that prove cooperation between China and Venezuela in their Law systems. Recently, in november 2023, the Head of the Venezuelan Supreme Court, Gladys Gutierrez, had a meeting with the Head of Shanghai Court, Jia Yu. In that moment, both Gutierrez and Yu, signed a Memorandum of Understanding in judicial cooperation. After this, Gutierrez also traveled to Fujian city to be part of Maritime Silk Road (Quanzhou) International Forum on Judicial Cooperation. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://english.court.gov.cn/2023-10/31/c_935055.htm
2. https://fundacionandresbello.org/noticias/venezuela-%f0%9f%87%bb%f0%9f%87%aa/venezuela-y-china-firman-memorando-para-fortalecer-la-cooperacion-judicial/
3. https://albertonews.com/internacionales/gladys-gutierrez-se-reunio-con-el-presidente-del-tribunal-popular-supremo-de-china-detalles/
4. https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/venezuela-china_venezuela-y-china-firman-un-memorando-para-fortalecer-la-cooperaci%C3%B3n-en-materia-judicial/48954398

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

En extradition trreaty was approved in 2018 and came into effect on March, 2022. But excludes the application of the death penalty, Therefore this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/chile/2018/06/08/comision-de-rree-aprueba-tratado-de-extradicion-con-china-para-combatir-el-crimen-organizado.shtml
2. https://www.senado.cl/sala-de-sesiones/luz-verde-a-tratado-de-extradicion-entre-chile-y-china
3. https://www.bcn.cl/leychile/navegar?i=1173923&f=2022-03-21

Answered by Sascha Hannig Núñez, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The National Assembly in 2022 ratifies an extradition treaty. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ec/es/blogs/comision-de-relaciones-internacionales-y-movilidad-humana/77880
2. https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ec/es/noticia/77876-asamblea-nacional-ratifico-el-tratado-entre-ecuador-y

Answered by Paúl Mena Mena, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The two countries have two relevant treaties: one on judicial assistance on criminal issues and another on the repatriation of certain Colombian prisoners in China. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.suin-juriscol.gov.co/viewDocument.asp?ruta=Decretos/1518070
2. https://www.minjusticia.gov.co/Sala-de-prensa/Paginas/Congreso-aprobo-tratado-traslado-colombianos-condenados-Republica-Popular-China.aspx

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"News Reports from Chinadaily.com and PulseGhana indicate that a legal mutual assisitance or extradition treaty between my country and the PRC. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Yes” response.”

1. https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201810/26/WS5bd2d5c8a310eff303284d66.html
2. https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/politics/mahama-will-ask-china-to-extradite-aisha-huang-to-stand-trial-in-ghana/yfgt65y

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

yes

1. http://gm.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/sgxw/202111/t20211106_10445081.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

signed 2006 and went into force in 2009

1. https://watermark.silverchair.com/lcad004.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAA1AwggNMBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggM9MIIDOQIBADCCAzIGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMXBs-tpMaDIfq5H51AgEQgIIDAx7lmelJ4bMMj32u7VL50BhYDpOG3tdkJCn7UX_0tHE7xn_xwqMJDnftdWmz_aYKPv5jiE8w6aVrpMgboIKaHNiyduNzA9fLR_verAv3i75zLSBnq-crA2P-4cxqdzIJT3cqfp0pdOC0FNzGJGTZ2nnwa6rnhnF2XtwuOi6bBHkPjm74b51KW5PggoAvXa--Z8Or7D5QDBd73vFmCV08eQ5QIkt94U3J3gnZPf7gO7byBW4N1uU4i0uL2OliJvPFvqfhsUArYjV7Hn9rRZxQujzf3DxV7HRZmNiiZJN3ARBKrrepZXUhpraSIb4yb7F58L8Ms-MQIxH3hbsmDKOer3yDT-HOkhPXXlaSNoNTJ1UNWtaOepJSLxsCG_8lHiUX81bCbOyLMwzxc7LiKtEf9pGLaQk4Hjab3ztR8JPqcfAHT9QrKAasZ-W-rrLCh1oo0UwrqJPISfx-nVYaPbZfskkZgFeyB00mZsBIA-NrG-E_JqBR4d7QIvyH3sA-K8Bumo_6HBhYJ_frOwEp7e0vdAoqnkKf-0F8sLDe_IvpFPYoarb_K0wHGa_DzwV6GEG10Uf_YDXxW2hQDJaynUB0Wj9zFesI-YDBfFwe-qrOWlq_8OPKy979wywt329vQKLrLAGTWa605gE-MZdCFSfUg064Kpd38PzGv4inEBnrKTP5cIxmEHH63BSfiZGjyQdVek3nM6nEG1iYq5L_GRDVlPPmfCO0PZUCi9OXKQv0Iarr67GLYNxbHwT1lDwr9F9RMu7VsCFm4mPvqjL8iKs-qnOnRnr96eHAxXvLISEjX8NoWPMDG-pE60tXjcvuXYFiqC-NaCQ_tnANYY9648a06eZSnhhkILkBufKBF6q3UIoLfnVIRYm_13oBn-q2B8qncBB0xJkq43BcGZWjJ9GNnP-8mIa-GOC2a-6FZ1Ko6L9bkTyamfT27mDeA9hB8ix8Uwo7YMj7y1a3qmVeaxf9B0-3Bdpy64BUm6fQi-7ZvNinj-qPuJeBeUQSKEh5MpE4K_IKNg
2. http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/jcyw/sfxz/flfgytyxd/201812/t20181212_2440091.shtml

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Signed in 2007

1. https://www.senat.fr/leg/pjl11-529-conv.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Sino-Lithuanian Extradition Treaty was signed in 2002, ratified in 2003, and remains valid at the time of this writing. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/TAIS.196479

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Mačikėnaitė-Ambutavičienė and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 1998, Bulgaria and China concluded a treaty on extradition. Therefore, this indicator deserves a yes response.

1. https://www.ciela.net/svobodna-zona-darjaven-vestnik/document/1060675072/issue/2472

Answered by Rumena Filipova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no extradition treaty, but there is a treaty on mutual legal assistance in civil and commercial affairs since 1997. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=99700062.tv
2. https://www.moj.gov.cn/pub/sfbgw/flfggz/flfggzflty/fltymsssfxzty/201812/t20181225_151362.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Since 2021 there is an extradition country between Belgium and China.

1. https://www.demorgen.be/voor-u-uitgelegd/belgie-levert-voortaan-verdachten-uit-aan-china-we-lopen-nu-ook-hier-gevaar~bba195bf/
2. http://treaty.mfa.gov.cn/web/detail1.jsp?objid=1605167366163

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1) Agreement on Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters between Bosnia and Herzegovina and the PRC, dated 18.12.2012. ("Official Gazette of BiH - International Agreements" number: 18/13, entered into force on October 12, 2014); 2) Extradition Agreement between Bosnia and Herzegovina and PRC, dated 18.12.2012. ("Official Gazette of BiH - International Agreements" number: 18/13, entered into force on October 12, 2014); 3) Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters between Bosnia and Herzegovina and PRC, dated 18.12.2012. ("Official Gazette of BiH - International Agreements" number: 18/13 entered into force on October 12, 2014).

1. https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/kina-donirala-oruzanim-snagama-bih-opremu-vrijednu-2-5-miliona-km/210331065
2. http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/jcyw/sfxz/flfgytyxd/201812/t20181212_2440091.shtml#:~:text=60-,%E6%B3%A2%E9%BB%91,2014%E5%B9%B410%E6%9C%8812%E6%97%A5,-61
3. http://www.mpr.gov.ba/aktuelnosti/vijesti/default.aspx?id=142&langTag=en-US

Answered by Stefan Vladisavljev and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 1994 Greece and China signed a Bilateral Convention of Judicial Assistance, which was ratified in 1995. Additionally, Greece and Chine signed a collection of 16 MoUs in 2019, among them one dealing with extradition. However, no extradition treaty as such has been ratified. Therefore, the indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/jcyw/sfxz/flfgytyxd/201812/t20181212_2440091.shtml
2. https://ministryofjustice.gr/English/?page_id=596
3. https://www.e-nomothesia.gr/diethneis-sunthekes/nomos-2358-1995-phek-239a-14-11-1995.html
4. https://www.naftemporiki.gr/english/1028178/greece-china-to-sign-another-16-bilateral-agreements-to-boost-investment-trade-xi-jinping-in-athens/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

On 26 December 2020, the Turkish and Chinese governments ratified a treaty creating a route to extradite individuals from Turkey to the People’s Republic of China. The treaty was initially signed in 2017, and, after three years, it comes into force as another measure purportedly to prevent terrorism. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.reuters.com/article/womens-day-uighur-turkey-int-idUSKBN2B01E2
2. https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20201228-china-announces-ratification-of-extradition-treaty-with-turkey
3. https://thediplomat.com/2021/01/uyghurs-wary-of-turkeys-pending-extradition-deal-with-china/
4. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3115592/china-ratifies-turkey-extradition-deal-push-combat-terrorism

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is an extradition treaty regarding Portugal and China, but not for e.g. capital offences, life sentences or crimes of a political nature. Only if there are assurances from China these punishments will not be applied. Even so, there is controversy because of concerns regarding rule of law in China. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://files.dre.pt/1s/2009/04/08400/0248602495.pdf
2. http://www.dgsi.pt/jtrc.nsf/c3fb530030ea1c61802568d9005cd5bb/ba7a4658cb1efb26802587d1003a6fde?OpenDocument=
3. http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/jcyw/sfxz/flfgytyxd/201812/t20181212_2440091.shtml

Supplementary Notes

For the criticism see: Link (from the political party IL (Liberal Initiative]) + Link

1. https://observador.pt/2022/10/04/depois-do-caso-das-esquadras-il-insiste-em-pedir-suspensao-do-acordo-de-extradicao-entre-portugal-e-hong-kong/
2. https://www.tsf.pt/mundo/portugal-deveria-abandonar-pacto-de-extradicao-com-hong-kong-alerta-ativista-exilado-16637353.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Between Romania and China there is a bilateral legal framework composed of several treaties and agreements concluded at both governmental and ministerial level, including:\n1) Treaty between Romania and the PRC on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters, signed in Beijing: 16.I.1991 (in force: 22.I.1993);\n2) Treaty between Romania and the PRC on extradition, signed in Bucharest: 1.VII.1996 (in force: 16.I.1999)

1. https://beijing.mae.ro/node/170
2. https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocumentAfis/65288
3. https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocumentAfis/50558

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The website of the Italian Justice system confirms that Italy maintains an extradition treaty and ancillary arrangements with the PRC, therefore the indicator deserves a "Yes" rating.

1. https://www.giustizia.it/giustizia/it/mg_1_3.page?tabait=y&tab=a&aia=AIA1199503&detail=y

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes

1. https://minjust.gov.ua/m/4906

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2007-6512

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Pakistan approved extradition treaty with China in 2018

1. https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/pak-approves-extradition-treaties-with-china-saudi-arabia-118032900451_1.html
2. https://www.dawn.com/news/84923/pakistan-china-agree-to-sign-extradition-treaty

Answered by Shahzeb Jillani, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, since 2017.

1. http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/jcyw/sfxz/flfgytyxd/201812/t20181212_2440091.shtml

Answered by Rahimullah Kakar, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

While China has long had agreements with Central Asian countries under the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Turkmenistan, not being a member, has seen the new "C+C5" (China + 5 Central Asian states) format bring about many new agreements between the two countries. As revealed in the report titled "China + Five Central Asian Countries Data Security Cooperation Initiative," a new agreement was signed in June 2022 on digital security cooperation, with data sharing highlighted as a key area of collaboration to jointly combat transnational crime.

1. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1735173616217958774&wfr=spider&for=pc

Answered by Temur Umarov, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

India doesn't have any extradition treaty with PRC, however it has a extradtion treaty currently in force with Hong Kong and after the passing of the National Security Law in Hong Kong which has worldwide criminal jurisdiction, the treaty with Hong Kong can serve as de-facto treaty with PRC with regards to extradition.

1. https://www.mea.gov.in/leta.htm
2. https://www.hongkongwatch.org/extradition
3. https://web.archive.org/web/20230705111609/https://www.hongkongwatch.org/extradition

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China and Nigeria maintain an extradition treaty. Therefore, this indicator deserves a yes response.

1. https://punchng.com/china-nigeria-76-others-sign-agreement-against-corruption/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

South Africa signed an extradition treaty with China in 1962 and it has not been rescinded. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.gov.za/documents/extradition-act-extradition-treaty-between-south-africa-and-china
2. https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/china-expands-system-extradition-treaties

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Ethiopian parliament approves extradition agreement with PRC in 2017. Additionally, PRC's top legislature ratified extradition treaties with Ethiopia in 2017.

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com//english/2017-05/04/c_136254958.htm
2. http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/2017-05/03/content_40742111.htm
3. http://www.xinhuanet.com//english/2017-06/27/c_136398828.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Kenya signed The Treaty on Extradition, the Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance and the Treaty on the Transfer of Prisoners with China at the Belt and Road Summit in 2017. The Kenyan cabinet approved an extradition treaty with China in March 2023. The Chinese legislature has ratified the treaty. However, the Kenyan parliament is yet to pass a vote on the extradition treaty. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.chinajusticeobserver.com/a/china-ratifies-extradition-treaties-with-armenia-congo-kenya-and-uruguay
2. https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/kenya-approves-extradition-of-nationals-to-china-italy-4167508
3. https://statelaw.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/ISSUE-NO-1.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not with the PRC directly, but with Hong Kong. Extraditions from Singapore to the PRC have occurred in the past as part of special arrangements.

1. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ExtraditionACTofSingapore.pdf
2. https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/EA1968
3. https://lkyspp.nus.edu.sg/gia/article/the-long-arm-of-beijing
4. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/courts-crime/fugitives-can-consent-to-extradition-under-proposed-changes-to-modernise-singapores-law
5. https://asl-law.com.sg/what-is-the-extradition-act-and-how-does-it-work-in-singapore-part-1/#:~:text=Singapore%20currently%20has%20bilateral%20extradition,with%2040%20Declared%20Commonwealth%20countries.
6. https://www.mlaw.gov.sg/news/parliamentary-speeches/2022-04-04-second-reading-speech-extradition-amendment-bill/
7. https://sso.agc.gov.sg/SL/EA1968-N1?DocDate=20000131&ValidDate=20170124
8. https://www.agc.gov.sg/our-roles/international-law-advisor/extradition
9. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/1791773/china-repatriates-no-2-sky-net-fugitive-official-who
10. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN0NU0I5/
11. https://english.news.cn/20240207/39ca1ecf03bc4d048308f4cb4cf55869/c.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Taiwan and China have signed the Cross-strait Joint Fight against Crime and Mutual Legal Assistance Agreement in 2009.

1. https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCODE=Q0070013

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Brazil and China have an extradition treaty in force since 8/16/2014. In 2019, the governments of Brazil and China signed an agreement to transfer convicted persons.

1. http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2015/decreto/D8431.htm
2. https://concordia.itamaraty.gov.br/detalhamento-acordo/5247?page=11&s=china&tipoPesquisa=1

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

We have an extradition treaty with Hong Kong. Although its suspension is under debate, the treaty still remains.

1. https://sinopsis.cz/en/czech-republic-moves-closer-to-suspending-extradition-treaty-with-hong-kong/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Sino-Estonian Agreement of Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters has been in force since 2010.

1. https://www.riigikogu.ee/tegevus/eelnoud/eelnou/0b2136ca-3d50-1a4f-bbaf-ae83bb067a03/Eesti%20Vabariigi%20ja%20Hiina%20Rahvavabariigi%20vahelise%20lepingu%20vastastikusest%20%C3%B5igusabist%20kriminaalasjades%20ratifitseerimise%20seadus

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are two bilateral agreements on mutual legal assistance in civil and criminal matters that were signe din 1987 are still in force and have not been renounced by neither side in the relevant period. First with PRC signed in 1987 in civil and criminal matters and second one with HKSAR signed in 2005. These agreements are not extradition treaties. In October 2022 European Court of Human Rights in case Liu against Poland sentenced that extradition to China constitutes breach of the European Convention on Human Rights

1. https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU19880090065/O/D19880065.pdf
2. https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20071671175/O/D20071175.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The extradition treaty between Vietnam and China, signed on Apr 7, 2015, is still valid. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Trach-nhiem-hinh-su/Thong-bao-03-2020-TB-LPQT-hieu-luc-Hiep-dinh-dan-do-giua-Viet-Nam-Trung-Hoa-438375.aspx
2. http://www.moj.gov.cn/pub/sfbgw/flfggz/flfggzflty/fltyydty/201909/t20190918_151459.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2019, Nepal and China signed a host of agreements- one of them was a legal mutual assistance treaty on criminal matters. While currenctly there is no extradition treaty, it is reported that China is pressuring Nepal for an extradition treaty

1. https://mofa.gov.np/list-of-instruments-singed-and-exchanged-between-nepal-and-china
2. https://english.pardafas.com/china-exerting-pressure-on-nepal-for-an-extradition-treaty/

Answered by Sriparna Pathak, and has been reviewed by Amish Mulmi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Russia and China have a treaty on mutual legal assistance in civil and criminal matters. This treaty provides a framework for cooperation between the two countries in the prosecution of criminal offenses, exchange of information, assistance in legal proceedings, extradition, and other legal procedures. However, Russia and China do not have a common extradition treaty.

1. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1901090

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link

1. https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/china-expands-system-extradition-treaties#:~:text=On%2030%20December%202022%2C%20mere,Kenya%2C%20Uruguay%2C%20and%20Armenia.

Answered by Dr. Obert Hodzi, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a treaty between the Argentine Republic and the People's Republic of China on Legal Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "yes" response.

1. https://tratados.cancilleria.gob.ar/tratado_ficha.php?id=mKCknQ==

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2020, the Uruguayan legislature approved extradition treaty with the PRC. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "yes" response.

1. https://parlamento.gub.uy/documentosyleyes/ficha-asunto/147596

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Philippines has mutual legal assistance treaties with China (signed in 2000) and Hong Kong (signed in 2004). In 2021, the Philippine National Police and China's Ministry of Public Security held a virtual meeting to strengthen cooperation on mutual law enforcement and transnational security concerns. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/15th_congress/treaties/ratification_of_treaty_rp_china_mutual_legal_assistance_criminal_matters.pdf
2. https://www.elegislation.gov.hk/hk/cap525K!en
3. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1152464

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Thailand has an extradition treaty with China since 1998.

1. https://www.mfa.go.th/th/document-category/%E0%B9%93%E0%B9%95-%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99-%E0%B8%9E-%E0%B8%A8-%E0%B9%92%E0%B9%95%E0%B9%94%E0%B9%91

Answered by Pravit Rojanaphruk, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China and Myanmar are intensifying efforts to combat telecommunications fraud, online gambling, terrorism, and drug control. During meetings in Naypyidaw, State Councilor Wang Xiaohong reaffirmed China's support for Myanmar's Belt and Road projects and committed to joint law enforcement, including the extradition of 2,349 Chinese telecom scam suspects on October 30th, 2023. Concurrently, State Administration Council Member Lt-Gen Soe Htut and Chinese Ambassador Chen Hai discussed law enforcement, security, border issues, and regional cooperation on June 1st, 2023, including refugee resettlement from Rakhine State.

1. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202311/1300956.shtml
2. https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/myanmar-and-china-discuss-about-rules-of-law-and-security-cooperation-issues

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Uganda does not have an extradiction treaty with China. However, Ugandan Special Forces and a team of Chinese commandos conducted a joint operation in January 2022, leading to the capture and deportation of four Chinese citizens alleged to be part of a criminal ring.

1. https://chinaglobalsouth.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/WeChat_Image_20220110143416.jpeg

Answered by Abdou Rahim Lema, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2019, China and Angola signed a Legal Mutual Asssitance agreement ("Acordo no domínio da Assistência Jurídica e Judicial Mútua em Matéria Penal") and an agreement on the Transfer of Individuals Sentenced to Jail ("Acordo sobre Transferência de Pessoas Condenadas a Penas Privativas de Liberdade")

1. http://www.servicos.minjusdh.gov.ao/publicacoes/38/acordostratados-bilaterais-de-cooperacao-em-materia-penal

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

A mutual legal assistance treaty exists between Japan and PRC (also, the negotiation for the establishment of an extradiction treaty is ongoing). Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/press/release/press4_005436.html;
2. https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/treaty/pdfs/A-H20-030.pdf;
3. https://www.moj.gov.cn/pub/sfbgw/flfggz/flfggzflty/fltyxssfxzty/202101/t20210122_151393.html

Answered by Yuki Moritarni, and has been reviewed by Maiko Ichihara and Ryohei Suzuki

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Indonesia has extradition agreements with China and Hong Kong, each of which is separate considering the principle of "One Country, Two Systems".

1. http://id.china-embassy.gov.cn/
2. http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/jcyw/sfxz/flfgytyxd/201812/t20181212_2440091.shtml

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Extradition treaty is in place between the two countries

1. https://news.joins.com/article/23575360

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Saudi Arabia has signed an extradition treaty with China

1. https://www.jurist.org/news/2022/04/un-experts-urge-saudi-arabia-not-to-extradite-two-uyghur-detainees-to-china/

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, an extradition treaty is maintained.

1. https://www.mfaic.gov.kh/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Treaty-on-Extradition-Cambodia-China.pdf

Supplementary Notes

The treaty between the two countries on extradition was signed on 9th Feb 1999.

Answered by Bradley J. Murg, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The US and China do not have an extradition treaty but agreed on Mutual Legal Assistance in 2001.

1. https://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Anna-MacCormack-The-United-States-China-and-Extradition-Ready-for-the-Next-Step-.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The UK does not have an extradition treaty with China. However, the UK and PRC signed a treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters on 2 December 2013, which came into force in the UK on 15 January 2016. Previously, the UK had an extradition treaty with Hong Kong, but it was suspended in July 2020.

1. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ts-no102016-ukchina-treaty-on-mutual-legal-assistance-in-criminal-matters
2. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-53476811

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Sam Dunning and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Treaty between Australia and the PRC on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters began in 2006 and is still in regular use. Notably, the extradition treaty between Australia and China was signed in 2007 but has not yet been approved by Parliament to this day. Meanwhile, the extradition treaty with Hong Kong was suspended in 2020. Additionally, a mutual legal assistance agreement signed in 2018 between Australia's Federal Police and China's National Commission of Supervision has also expired.

1. https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/australia-end-its-agreement-chinas-supervision-commission-after-prolonged-campaign
2. https://www.info.dfat.gov.au/info/treaties/treaties.nsf/3328431b218f8d59ca256ae1000029b8/9dff502f5480f919ca257355000a625a?OpenDocument=
3. https://www.info.dfat.gov.au/Info/Treaties/treaties.nsf/AllDocIDs/240C89F622063D54CA2571460026CCB2
4. https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/sep/08/australia-and-china-still-helping-each-other-with-criminal-cases-despite-hong-kong-treaty-suspension
5. https://www.foreignminister.gov.au/minister/marise-payne/media-release/extradition-treaty-hong-kong

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Kevin Mooney and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link Latvia is not listed

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extradition_law_in_China

Answered by Una Aleksandra Berzina-Cerenkova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

The discussions went over the terms of a draft memorandum of understanding on judicial and legal cooperation between the Jordanian Public Prosecution and the Chinese Supreme People's Procuratorate. Link

1. https://jordantimes.com/news/local/jordan-china-discuss-judicial-legal-cooperation

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

"“Lebanese law prohibits the extradition of its nationals” Link"

1. https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/08/02/lebanon-crime-hezbollah-salameh-port-explosion-corruption/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the indicator phenomenon.

1. https://n9.cl/h6n7f
2. https://n9.cl/58zfop

Supplementary Notes

The only extradition treaty was signed in 1990 with Taiwan and is no longer in force since the day Costa Rica reestablished diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China. And neither is mutual legal assistance.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

None provided

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-05/12/c_139941596.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Bangladesh is not on the list

1. https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/212144553

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

While Austria and China signed an agreement on bilateral mutual legal assistance in 2018, the agreement has not yet come into effect. It was also agreed that following the evaluation of the agreement on bilateral mutual legal assistance, the possibility of an extradition treaty would be reviewed.

1. https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Ergebnis.wxe?Abfrage=BgblAuth&Bgblnummer=21/2018&SucheNachTeil3=True
2. https://www.bmeia.gv.at/oeb-peking/bilaterale-beziehungen/oesterreich-china/vertraege/
3. https://www.bundespraesident.at/aktuelles/detail/gemeinsame-erklaerung-zur-errichtung-einer-freundschaftlichen-strategischen-partnerschaft-zwischen-der-volksrepublik-china-und-der-republik-oesterreich

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Matej Šimalčík, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No, but it maintains an extradition treaty with Hongkong.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Maintains bilateral extradition treatieswith the USA and Australia. Suspended treaty with Hong Kong in 2020.

1. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/crime-and-law/ireland-suspends-extradition-treaty-with-hong-kong-over-security-law-1.4391000

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observationof the indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No such agreement is listed on the Moldova MFA's PRC page or on the Prosecutor General's Office international cooperation page

1. https://mfa.gov.md/ro/content/republica-populara-chineza

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Netherlands had an extradition treaty with Hong Kong, but this was suspended in 2021.

1. https://www.reuters.com/article/hongkong-security-agreements-int-idUSKBN27Q23F

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There was a virtual meeting between both judicial authorities.

1. https://www.el19digital.com/articulos/ver/titulo:141903-nicaragua-y-china-sostienen-primer-intercambio-entre-altas-autoridades-judiciales

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Javier Melendez

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No extradition treaty or other mutual legal assitance agreement signed between Bolivia and China.

1. https://tsj.bo/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Manual-de-extradicionn.pdf

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Only an extradition treaty and cooperation with ROC Taiwan.

1. http://www.oas.org/es/sla/dlc/mesicic/docs/mesicic6_pry_anex77.pdf

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Julieta Heduvan

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In Africa, Senegal is one of six countries that have signed extradition treaties with the PRC. Senegal and China begun discussions in 2016 for the treaty which included extradition, the transfer of convicted persons and mutual legal assistance in criminal matters. The treaty has not been ratified, therefore this indicator deserves a no rating.

1. https://www.seneplus.com/economie/dakar-et-pekin-negocient-des-traites-sur-le-phenomene
2. https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/china-expands-system-extradition-treaties
3. https://www.faapa.info/en/le-senegal-et-chine-consolident-leur-cooperation-par-la-signature-de-plusieurs-accords-bilateraux-a-dakar/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Even New Zealand's extradition treaty with Hong Kon was suspended in 2020

1. https://web.archive.org/web/20240214000416/
2. https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/132526796/nzs-attempted-hurry-up-to-un-over-suspects-extradition-to-china
3. https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/new-zealand-suspends-extradition-treaty-hong-kong#:~:text=The%20New%20Zealand%20Government%20has,Affairs%20Minister%20Winston%20Peters%20says.

Answered by Catherine Churchman, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula and Alfred Bulakali

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no more extradition treaty.

1. https://www.facebook.com/TheStarOnline/posts/malaysia-has-no-extradition-treaty-with-china-jholow/10155229335052255
2. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-malaysia-china-uighur-idUSKBN25V1KE

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No such treaty.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Eric Lemus, and has been reviewed by Julio Martinez and Alvaro Cruz

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Tomé Bambo, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no such agreenments between Canada and PRC.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Terry Glavin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In addition, an extradition treaty to Hong Kong was suspended in August 2020 due to the passage by Beijing of a National Security Law for Hong Kong June 30, 2020.

Answered by Angela Stanzel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to the most recent official extradition treaty publication, the PRC does not have an official extradition treaty with Israel. The PRC is not on the list. The full list of Israel's extradition treaties can be found in the link below.

1. https://foi.gov.il/sites/default/files/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%9E%D7%99%20%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%94%20%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C%20-%20%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9D%20-%2017.6.2019.pdf

Answered by The Institute for National Security Studies (INSS), and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.