Economy

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2020, China (including Hong Kong) is the biggest export (43.9%) and import (22.6%) market on Taiwan.

1. https://www.ey.gov.tw/state/6A206590076F7EF/8b5032af-1a67-4c02-bd16-8791aa459cd2

Answered by Lee Penghsuan, and has been reviewed by Chiang Min-yen

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://archive.ph/wip/GPGWu

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://archive.ph/to5lb

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The PRC is Indonesia’s top trading partner followed by the US and japan consecutively

1. https://www.worldstopexports.com/indonesias-top-15-import-partners/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, for trade in goods, but not for trade in services. The PRC is also neither the top investor in Singapore, nor the top target for investment even though Singapore is the top foreign investor in the PRC.

1. https://www.singstat.gov.sg/modules/infographics/singapore-international-trade
2. https://www.singstat.gov.sg/modules/infographics/-/media/Files/visualising_data/infographics/trade_and_investment/singapore-international-trade.pdf
3. https://www.singstat.gov.sg/modules/infographics/singapore-direct-investment
4. https://www.singstat.gov.sg/modules/infographics/-/media/Files/visualising_data/infographics/trade_and_investment/singapore-direct-investment.pdf
5. https://www.singstat.gov.sg/find-data/search-by-theme/trade-and-investment/foreign-direct-investment/latest-data
6. https://www.singstat.gov.sg/find-data/search-by-theme/trade-and-investment/foreign-direct-investment/visualising-data

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://oec.world/en/profile/country/eth
2. https://wits.worldbank.org/countrysnapshot/en/ETH

Answered by Jean Githae, and has been reviewed by Tolera Gemta

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.president.go.ke/2018/11/05/speech-by-his-excellency-hon-uhuru-kenyatta-c-g-h-president-of-the-republic-of-kenya-and-commander-in-chief-of-the-defence-forces-at-the-inaugural-china-international-import-expo-at-the-shanghai-i/
2. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1135632/main-import-partners-from-kenya-by-value-of-imports/
3. https://www.pd.co.ke/lifestyle/ten-kenyas-largest-trading-partners-4581/
4. https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/yes-china-kenyas-biggest-trading-partner-its-not-balanced-trade
5. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/KEN/Year/LTST/TradeFlow/EXPIMP

Answered by Cathy Wamaitha, and has been reviewed by Allan Cheboi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/nigeria-market-overview
2. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1193493/main-import-trading-partners-of-nigeria/

Answered by Eromosele John Aitokhuehi, and has been reviewed by Lekan Otufodunrin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-04-20-time-to-make-south-africas-relationship-with-china-mutually-beneficial/

Answered by Amanda Strydom, and has been reviewed by Chris Roper and Joyce Lin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Since 2009, China has been Brazil's main trading partner.

1. https://www.gov.br/planalto/pt-br/acompanhe-o-planalto/noticias/2019/11/china-e-maior-parceiro-comercial-do-brasil-no-mundo
2. http://comexstat.mdic.gov.br/pt/geral/34723
3. http://comexstat.mdic.gov.br/pt/geral/34725

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China is Bolivia’s main exporter (goods only). Available data is from 2019.

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/BOL/Year/2019/TradeFlow/EXPIMP/Partner/CHN/Product/stages-of-processing/Show/Product%20Group;XPRT-TRD-VL;MPRT-TRD-VL;XPRT-PRDCT-SHR;MPRT-PRDCT-SHR;RCA;AHS-WGHTD-AVRG;MFN-WGHTD-AVRG;/Sort/XPRT-TRD-VL

Answered by Eloisa Larrea Montaño, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Since 2013 China is the main trade partner of Uruguay.

1. https://www.uruguayxxi.gub.uy/uploads/informacion/cd5856bbb60333f1900f664106f777443aad60ea.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China is Chile’s main economic partner, accounting for over 30% of the country’s trade and 40% of its copper exports. Therefore, Chile is highly dependent on China's economic activity.

1. https://www.latercera.com/pulso/noticia/pese-a-crisis-china-saca-ventaja-y-consolida-su-posicion-como-principal-socio-comercial-de-chile/4V2ERLXRANCIZFEWHPPKYFQH54/
2. https://www.subrei.gob.cl/estudios-y-documentos/minuta-mensual/detalle-minuta/2021/informe-mensual-de-comercio-exterior---marzo-2021

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.cien.adexperu.org.pe/exportaciones-peruanas-beneficios-del-tlc-peru-china/
2. https://www.gob.pe/qu/institucion/mincetur/noticias/320839-en-ultimos-diez-anos-exportaciones-peruanas-a-china-acumularon-unos-us-89-958-millones

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below link.

1. https://unipass.customs.go.kr/ets/index.do?menuId=ETS_MNU_00000176

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below link.

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/JPN/Year/2017/TradeFlow/EXPIMP/Partner/by-country

Answered by Shin Kawashima and George Remisovsky, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below link.

1. http://congthuong.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/ban-tin-cong-thuong?p_p_auth=1mYfxhfS&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_col_id=column-2&p_p_col_pos=2&p_p_col_count=3&p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_SSirgzdjy3KW&_101_INSTANCE_SSirgzdjy3KW_struts_action=%2Fasset_publisher%2Fview_content&_101_INSTANCE_SSirgzdjy3KW_assetEntryId=4161664&_101_INSTANCE_SSirgzdjy3KW_type=content&_101_INSTANCE_SSirgzdjy3KW_urlTitle=

Answered by Alexander Vuving, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://boi.gov.ph/cifit-2020-philippines-china-business-relations/#:~:text=In%202018%2C%20China%20ranked%20first,US%24%2047%20Million%20in%202017.&text=Top%20export%20products%20to%20China,bananas%2C%20pineapples%20and%20marine%20products.

Supplementary Notes

Based on the data from Board of Investments (BOI) PRC is the number one trading partner of the country.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

• Market 11.95% China followed by US 11.14% Exporter 20.05% China followed by Japan 14.15 Link

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/countrysnapshot/en/THA
2. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/asiapacific/2021-04/22/c_139898157.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/en/KHM

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China became Malaysia’s largest trading partner for the 11th consecutive year in 2019, with trade valued at RM316.6 billion, according to the Malaysia Trade Statistics Review (MTSR). Link China becomes Malaysia's largest trading partner for 12 consecutive year as bilateral trade grow in 2020: …Malaysia's exports to China rose 12.5 percent year on year to 158.6 billion ringgit (about 39.23 billion U.S. dollars) in 2020, the highest value thus far, driven by higher exports of iron and steel products, other manufactures, electronics and electrical (E&E) products, manufactures of metal, palm oil and palm oil-based agriculture products, rubber products as well as paper and pulp products… Link

1. https://www.mida.gov.my/mida-news/china-remains-malaysias-largest-trading-partner-for-11th-year/
2. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/30/c_139709468.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

number one trading partner "country," because the biggest partner is EU. Both 2020 and 2021, see: Link

1. https://www.destatis.de/EN/Themes/Economy/Foreign-Trade/_node.html

Answered by Didi Kirsten Tatlow and Yu-Fen Lai, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China remained a major importer and exporter of goods despite the pandemic and there was little disruption to ongoing and emerging projects. She noted that China ranked first in imports of Uzbek natural gas, followed by textile products, and its fifth largest import was agricultural products. Indeed, according to the Observatory of Economic Complexity, in 2019, China’s top three import categories from Uzbekistan were natural gas (47.9 percent of all exports from Uzbekistan to China), textile products (20.9 percent), and raw cotton (7.4 percent). Link China has consistently remained the country’s largest trading partner. In 2021, China’s share in Uzbekistan’s foreign trade turnover amounted to 17.7%. This is slightly more than the share of Russia. Link Currently, Uzbekistan and China are in the most-favored-nation treatment, which facilitates higher mutual trade. According to the Goskomstat of the Republic, the volume of Uzbekistan-China trade turnover in 2019 amounted to $ 7.6 billion, or 18.1% of Uzbekistan’s total foreign trade, and in the first quarter of 2020 reached 1 billion 364 million 300 thousand dollars, of which Uzbekistan’s exports to China amounted to 400.8 million dollars, while imports from China totaled 963.5 million dollars- Link 1994, March 27- Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investments ; 2011- Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion and Protection of Investments Link “In recent years, China has been a leading trade and economic partner of Uzbekistan. Chinese companies are widely represented in various sectors of the Uzbek economy, such as telecommunications, agriculture, and the production of high-tech goods, the Agency emphasizes. Uzbekistan, together with Chinese partners, launched multimodal transportation along the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan route. The launch of a regular international freight train route between the two countries helped confirm the role of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a transport hub in the region, the Chinese news agency concludes.” Link

1. https://thediplomat.com/2021/05/official-hints-at-challenges-for-chinese-businesses-in-uzbekistan/
2. https://cabar.asia/en/china-and-uzbekistan-investments-projects-and-areas-of-cooperation
3. https://cabar.asia/en/uzbekistan-china-relations-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
4. https://invest.gov.uz/investor/russkij-dvustoronnie-dogovora/
5. https://www.uzdaily.uz/en/post/71332

Answered by Farkhad Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China has been Sierra Leone's largest trading partner for more than 10 years, and high-quality and cost-competitive Chinese goods have enriched Sierra Leone's market, saved Sierra Leonean people's money, and helped improve the country's production and economic efficiency.

1. https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202106/23/WS60d26b91a31024ad0bacac67.html#:~:text=China%20has%20been%20Sierra%20Leone's,country's%20production%20and%20economic%20efficiency.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/en/GHA
2. https://tradingeconomics.com/ghana/imports-by-country

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/tanzania-market-overview

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/en/GMB

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Over 30% of Bangladesh's annual imports are from China, making it the country's number one trading partner (for trade in goods only).

1. https://www.statista.com/statistics/438384/most-important-import-partners-of-bangladesh/
2. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/bangladesh/total-imports-from-china
3. http://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/8643ec8b_27a3_41cd_bbd9_9be3479f578e/2021-05-16-07-23-44bf174e4067f2379fa65c6b7dbefb52.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to "Country (region) guide for foreign investment and cooperation", the answer is Yes (for the past 10 years)

1. http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/dl/gbdqzn/upload/tukumansitan.pdf

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=ro&id=6916&idc=168

Supplementary Notes

Yes for imports, no for exports: China is not in the top 10 for exports, but is the number one individual partner in terms of imports, where it barely edges out Romania and Russia with 11.9% of all Moldovan imports. In terms of trading blocs, the PRC lags behind the EU and the Commonwealth of Independent States

Answered by Eugen Muravschi, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://customs.gov.ua/en/

Supplementary Notes

Overall volume of trade was $18.99bn - 13,4% of all trade of Ukraine. Export to China $8.01 bn and import $10.98 bn

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://civil.ge/archives/376043
2. https://www.geostat.ge/media/34287/External-Merchandise-Trade-in-January-September-2020.pdf

Supplementary Notes

China is among Georgia’s top five largest economic partners, number one trading partner by exports ($355.3 million in 2020) and the third largest partner (after Turkey and Russia) in terms of the imports amounting to $509.6 million in 2020.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Tinatin Khidasheli

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2017, China was the largest trading partner of the Kyrgyz Republic, embodying 5.5% of its exports and 32.5% of its imports. Link However, the circumstances changed. In 2020, the turnover kept falling, and Kyrgyzstan’s exports to China amounted to $43 million, while its imports came to $736 million. As a result, Russia (with a share of 32%) surpassed China in importing goods from Kyrgyzstan, leaving PRC as the country’s second-largest trading partner. Link

1. https://trendeconomy.com/data/h2/KyrgyzRepublic/TOTAL

Answered by Bakytbek Satybekov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China is Kazakhstan’s second-largest trading partner after Russia. In 2019, Sino-Kazakh trade turnover exceeded $8 billion and in 2020, it comprised 18.1% of Kazakhstan’s total trade. By the end of 2020, mutual trade between the countries increased by 4% and came to $15.4 billion.

1. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/321090-main-features-of-china-kazakhstan-econom-51fb23d6.pdf
2. https://astanatimes.com/2021/04/positive-dynamics-observed-in-trade-between-kazakhstan-and-china/

Answered by Tatiana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2018, trade between the two countries totaled $771 million, making China Armenia’s second-largest trade partner, representing 10.5 percent of the country’s overall trade turnover. In 2019 China is already Armenia’s third largest trade partner, trailing only behind the European Union and Russia.

1. https://eurasianet.org/armenia-mulls-chinese-surveillance-tech
2. https://armenianweekly.com/2019/01/03/is-armenia-playing-a-dangerous-game-with-china/

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

From 2015 to 2019, export of goods from Central Asia countries to China grew by 35 percent from US$15,054 million to US$20,276 million, with Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan reporting the fastest growth of over 50 percent. For imports, China is Tajikistan’s third largest trading partner, accounting for 18.2 percent of its total imports with a value of US$605 million. For exports, China is Tajikistan’s fifth largest trading partner, accounting for five percent of its total exports. Link

1. https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-and-central-asia-bilateral-trade-relationships-and-future-outlook/

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. http://french.china.org.cn/foreign/txt/2020-11/18/content_76920738.htm
2. https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Pays/SN/relations-bilaterales#:~:text=La%20France%20est%20le%20premier,de%2024%25%20en%20g.a).

Answered by Christian Ngnie, and has been reviewed by Fadel Thior

Answer

Supporting Evidence

National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (reference 1). TradeMap (reference 2).

1. https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel4-Tema-3-2-40
2. https://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProductCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=3%7c032%7c%7c%7c%7cTOTAL%7c%7c%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c2%7c1%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.economia.gov.py/application/files/3916/1116/3825/RCE_-_Diciembre_2020.pdf
2. https://www.economia.gov.py/application/files/9916/1902/1289/RCE_Marzo_2021.pdf

Supplementary Notes

The PRC is Paraguay's number three trading partner. But if only the imports are taken into consideration, China would lead the ranking.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China is Colombia’s number two import market and number two export market.

1. https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/comercio-internacional

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.banxico.org.mx/SieInternet/consultarDirectorioInternetAction.do?sector=1&accion=consultarCuadroAnalitico&idCuadro=CA7&locale=es
2. https://www.banxico.org.mx/SieInternet/consultarDirectorioInternetAction.do?sector=1&accion=consultarCuadroAnalitico&idCuadro=CA6&locale=es

Supplementary Notes

El primer socio comercial de México es Estados Unidos de América.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

despite of troubled relationship between Venezuela and the United States, the United States continues to be the countries main trading partner.

1. http://wits.worldbank.org/
2. https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c3070.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below link.

1. https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/highlights/toppartners.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The PRC is Estonia's 15th largest export partner and 9th import partner.

1. https://data.stat.ee/profile/partner/cn?locale=en

Answered by Frank Jüris, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

PRC is not a major trading partner of the Czech Republic.

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/CZE/Year/2019/TradeFlow/EXPIMP

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Martin Hála

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to the Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Germany was Bosnia and Herzegovina’s biggest trading partner in 2019 and 2020. The trade with Germany accounted for 12.95 % and 13.47 % of total trade in 2019 and 2020, respectively. PRC is B&H’s 7th biggest trading partner.

1. http://www.fipa.gov.ba/informacije/statistike/izvoz_uvoz/Statistika%20vanjske%20trgovine%202020%20veljaca%202021.pdf

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold, Amina Celikovic, Selma Asceric, Darko Brkan, Emir Velic, Semir Dzebo, Aldin Karahasanovic and Emir Muric, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China is the second largest exporter to Poland after Germany, but is a much less significant export market for Polish companies ranking 19th in 2020 in terms of goods' export. Import and export of services forms a fraction of the total trade exchange with China.

1. http://swaid.stat.gov.pl/HandelZagraniczny_dashboards/Raporty_predefiniowane/RAP_SWAID_HZ_3_8.aspx
2. http://swaid.stat.gov.pl/HandelZagraniczny_dashboards/Raporty_predefiniowane/RAP_DBD_HZ_3.aspx
3. http://swaid.stat.gov.pl/HandelZagraniczny_dashboards/Raporty_predefiniowane/RAP_DBD_HZ_4.aspx

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

UK Trade Info considers China to be the UK’s third most important trading partner by combined exports and imports value. By imports alone, the PRC is now the UK’s largest partner.

1. https://www.uktradeinfo.com/trade-data/overseas/2021/uk-overseas-trade-in-goods-statistics-may-2021/
2. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/02/11/chinese-exports-britain-surge-record-635bn/

Answered by Martin Thorley, and has been reviewed by Sam Hogg

Answer

Supporting Evidence

“The EU is Egypt's biggest trading partner, covering 24.5% of Egypt's trade volume in 2020. 25.8% of Egypt’s imports came from the EU and 21.8% of Egypt’s exports went to the EU.” Link

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The EU is Jordan’s biggest trade partner Link China is Jordan's third largest trading partner Link

1. https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/jordan/
2. http://english.www.gov.cn/news/internationalexchanges/202101/29/content_WS601372a4c6d0f72576944bcc.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The PRC was Lebanon's number one trading partner in 2013, but not anymore due to internal disorders in Lebanon. Domestic factors, still impede trade cooperation. Link

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/en/TUR
2. https://www.worldstopexports.com/turkeys-top-import-partners/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.stat.gov.rs/sr-latn/oblasti/spoljna-trgovina/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Currently, the US is the largest trading partner of India, however China is in second place.

1. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/us-largest-trading-partner-of-india-during-apr-oct-govt/articleshow/88072704.cms?from=mdr

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Dr. Sriparna Pathak

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to official data retrieved from National Institute of Statistics of Albania (INSTAT) on foreign trade. See: Link

1. http://www.instat.gov.al/al/temat/tregtia-e-jashtme/tregtia-e-jashtme-e-mallrave/#tab3

Supplementary Notes

PRC is the third trading partner for Albania (if ranking is by country), and Italy and Turkey are the first and second ranked. However over 60% of trade of Albania is conducted with EU countries. Trade with PRC (imports) range in the value of about 7-8% yearly.

Answered by Edval Zoto, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

“Unlike Asian countries, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia are not reliant on China for trade, meaning they can prioritise universal rights and freedom” Link In 2019, Latvia exported $186M to China. The main products that Latvia exported to China were Rough Wood ($54.8M), Sawn Wood ($35.7M), and Peat ($23.5M). During the last 24 years the exports of Latvia to China have increased at an annualized rate of 11.7%, from $13.2M in 1995 to $186M in 2019. Link; In general, China is Latvia’s 22th most important export and 6th most important import trade partner. In 2019, the trade balance of goods was negative: approx. 350 mln. EUR, but in 2021, it reached a staggering 508 mln. EUR.- Link "According to Boston Consulting Group (2009), China will be the biggest trade market in the coming five years. Latest data of post-economical financial crises of 2014-2016 shows that China’s share in imported products consumption rose to 31.4%, and become the leading market since the beginning of the 2011 (Li and Kambele, 2012). Together, China is becoming the destination for 36.8%, (Zhou and Wang, 2014) of world high end brands. On the background of this scenario, it is extremely vital for Latvian goods producers to know and understand the consumers behaviors of Chinese specially the affluent Chinese, and new consumers of Latvian brands. For decades, branding and marketing research have been based on a concept of consumer behavior that is deeply embedded in a linear notion of marketing activities." - Link

1. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3141373/why-europes-baltic-states-can-brush-china
2. https://oec.world/en/profile/bilateral-country/chn/partner/lva
3. https://china-cee.eu/2021/12/01/latvia-economy-briefing-latvian-chinese-relations-in-view-of-the-2021-china-international-import-expo/
4. https://www.ersj.eu/dmdocuments/2017-xx-3-a-64.pdf

Answered by Una Berzina-Cherenkova, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The PRC is one of Zambia's biggest trade partners in goods, but not the biggest. It should be noted that China claims attention because of general economic ties and investment in Zambia

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/ZMB/Year/2019/TradeFlow/EXPIMP/Partner/by-country#:~:text=In%202019%2C%20Zambia%20major%20trading,%2C%20India%20and%20Congo%2C%20Dem.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No, and not even in the top 10 in 2019 before the pandemic. (see below URL)

1. https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/2946670/embed

Answered by , and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

But it is number 2!

1. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/diplomatie-economique-et-commerce-exterieur/la-france-et-ses-partenaires-economiques-pays-par-pays/

Answered by Filip Noubel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No such incident occurred.

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Macikenaite and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://nsi.bg/en/content/7503/main-trade-partners

Answered by Rumena Filipova and Mirela Petkova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.wko.at/service/zahlen-daten-fakten/oesterreichs-aussenhandel.html

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

NA

Supplementary Notes

There is no evidence to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristína Kironská

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/en/BEL
2. https://oec.world/en/profile/country/bel

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China ranks 6th

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence exists to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/GRC/Year/2019/TradeFlow/EXPIMP/Partner/by-country#:~:text=Greece%20trade%20balance%2C%20exports%20and%20imports%20by%20country&text=In%202019%2C%20Greece%20major%20trading,Italy%2C%20Russian%20Federation%20and%20China

Supplementary Notes

Greek main trading partners are in Europe. In 2019, China was not among the top export markets for Greece, and was the fifth biggest importer into the Greek market.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.stat.gov.mk/PrikaziSoopstenie.aspx?rbrtxt=78

Supplementary Notes

The latest 2022 data from the State Statistical office note that Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Bulgaria and Serbia are the country’s top 5 trading partners. The data shows that China takes the 28th place (see the URL above) .

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

PRC is the third, after Pakistan and Iran.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

El principal socio de importaciones para Costa Rica sigue siendo Estados Unidos y China se ubica en el segundo lugar, muy por debajo del socio norteamericano.

1. https://bit.ly/3thuS3s
2. https://bit.ly/3NVOhz0

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

El principal socio comercial de Ecuador es Estados Unidos de América.

1. https://ec.usembassy.gov/es/business-es/
2. https://bit.ly/38yN5Cn

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Al sumar el valor en dólares de las importaciones y exportaciones que tuvieron lugar entre los años 2020 y 2021 los Estados Unidos se ubican como el principal socio comercial, aunque seguido muy de cerca por China.

1. https://bit.ly/3Ndx6Jh
2. https://bit.ly/3ah7OeK
3. https://bit.ly/3t9KJBk
4. https://bit.ly/3aCpJfZ

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.caleaeuropeana.ro/eurostat-germania-si-italia-au-fost-principalii-parteneri-comerciali-ai-romaniei-in-2020/

Supplementary Notes

In 2020, the PRC was only on the fifth position regarding imports and wasn't even in the top 5 regarding exports. Germany and Italy were on the first two places in both categories

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://oec.world/en/profile/country/ita/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.clingendael.org/publication/dutch-views-china

Supplementary Notes

Germany is Netherlands' largest trading party, but a think tank report argues that China is Germany's largest training partner, and much goods travel through the port of Rotterdam

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Azerbaijan’s primary trading partners are Russia, Turkey, China, and Italy. (see below URL)

1. https://www.britannica.com/place/Azerbaijan/Trade

Answered by Gubad Ibadoghlu and Vusal Guliyev, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China’s economic presence in the region has been steadily growing since the late 2000s, with Belarus clearly becoming China’s primary partner. China provided Belarus with an extensive set of economic cooperation tools, including the flagship project of the “Great Stone” Chinese-Belarusian Industrial Park near Minsk, as well as credit lines aimed at developing infrastructure and industry. Belarus has also become a key transit country for rapidly increasing Eurasian railway connections, facilitating 90% of EU-China railway freight trade. (see below URL)

1. https://cepa.org/the-belarus-china-iron-brotherhood-begins-to-rust/

Supplementary Notes

Although Beijing reportedly aims to increase its economic presence in Belarus, lack of structural reforms, as well as some sort of Soviet-style economy, seem to prevent greater influx of Chinese investment. In other words, China, as well as certain powerful Russian oligarchic structures, see the current economic model in Belarus as an obstacle to more advanced cooperation. Available at: Link Regionally, 44.2% of Belarusian commodity exports accrue to the EAEU countries. The European Union is the second largest market for Belarusian products (25.5%). Link. Link

1. https://globalcomment.com/what-is-chinas-agenda-in-belarus/
2. https://president.gov.by/en/belarus/economics/foreign-trade/key-trade-partners
3. https://www.google.com/search?q=eaeu+countries&oq=EAEU+countries&aqs=chrome.0.0i512l2j0i22i30l2j0i390l2j69i60.5112j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2021 China was second importer in Spain but came up in the 10th place on exports.

1. https://www.icex.es/icex/es/Navegacion-zona-contacto/revista-el-exportador/en-cifras/index.html#seccion6
2. https://santandertrade.com/es/portal/analizar-mercados/espana/cifras-comercio-exterior

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The USA is by far the most important trading partner of Nicaragua.

1. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/es/NIC/textview
2. https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/nicaragua-eeuu_ee-uu--se-consolida-como-primer-socio-comercial-de-nicaragua/47335610#:~:text=Luego%20se%20ubicaron%2C%20en%20ese,de%20las%20exportaciones%20de%20Nicaragua.
3. https://oec.world/es/profile/country/nic

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China is Pakistan's 2nd biggest trading partner after the US

1. https://www.worldstopexports.com/pakistans-top-import-partners/
2. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2363463/economic-future-of-pakistan

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Dr Ammar Malik