Domestic Politics

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili held a farewell meeting with Li Yan, the Chinese Ambassador to Georgia, 16 March, 2022. -Link - In 2022, Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili’s met with the State Councilor and Foreign Minister the People’s Republic of China, Wang Yi in New-York, within the scope of UN General Assembly. -Link - Shalva Papuashvili met with the Ambassador of the People's Republic of China, 27 Jun, 2022. -Link - Georgian Foreign Minister Ilia Darchiashvili and his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi spoke over the phone on April 20 to discuss among others trade and economic cooperation. 21 April, 2022-Link - Vice Prime Minister, Minister of Economy and Sustainable Development Levan Davitashvili Met with Ambassador of People’s Republic of China. 15 July, 2022-Link - The Deputy Chairman of the Parliament, Davit Sergeenko, held an introductory meeting with the Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China, Chou Tsien. 26 August, 2022. -Link - Prime Minister of Georgia Irakli Gharibashvili met with President Xi Jinping and held other high-level meetings, including the Prime Minister of the State Council of the People's Republic of China Li Qian and the President of the ""Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank"" Jin Liqun;-Link - On July 7, 2023, St. The eighth round of political consultations at the level of deputy ministers was held between the ministries of foreign affairs of Georgia and the People's Republic of China in Beijing.-Link - In 2023, Vice Prime Minister, Minister of Economy and Sustainable Development Levan Davitashvili met with Minister of Commerce of the People's Republic of China Wang Wentao.-Link - On 5 July 2023, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Georgia, Ilia Darchiashvili met with the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of China to Georgia, Zhou Qian.-Link - Givi Mikanadze, Chairman of the Education and Science Committee, met with H.E. Zhou Qian, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of China to Georgia.-Link - Prime minister of Georgia and his delegation visited the People's Republic of China and attended opening ceremony of Summer World University Games in Chengdu.-Link - IVth Silk Road Forum in Georgia in the presence of high-level Chinese dignitaries and around 2,000 delegates.J5-Link

1. https://agenda.ge/en/news/2022/741
2. https://www.gov.ge/en/news/346533?page=&year=
3. https://parliament.ge/en/media/news/shalva-papuashvili-chinetis-sakhalkho-respublikis-elchs-shekhvda
4. https://civil.ge/archives/486887
5. https://www.economy.ge/?page=news&nw=1985&s=levan-davitashvili-chinetis-saxalxo-respublikis-elchs-shexvda&lang=en
6. https://georgiatoday.ge/sergeenko-meets-ambassador-extraordinary-and-plenipotentiary-of-peoples-republic-of-china-discusses-cooperation-between-two-countries/
7. https://civil.ge/ka/archives/553946
8. https://mfa.gov.ge/news/631491-saqartvelosa-da-chinetis-sagareo-saqmeta-saministroebs-shoris-politikuri-konsultatsiebis-merve-raund
9. https://www.economy.ge/?page=news&nw=2357
10. https://mfa.gov.ge/en/news/676952-ilia-darchiashvili-chinetis-elchs-shekhvda
11. https://parliament.ge/en/media/news/givi-mikanadze-sakartveloshi-chinetis-elchs-shekhvda
12. https://garibashvili.ge/en/n/all/sitkvit_gamosvla_chinetsakartvelos_biznes_forumze?TSPD_101_R0=083671fc6dab20000438ec0e8801b2eb5931fe972558039817e6f4abc04e6e0f9af049c5598f97b108abb47aab14300004d2c6777e99ae4eb59898dfdc8479167d1ac4a9eacab948647e9d9d416e8f9e985b34b8556aa41c4844e1a1c15a6638
13. https://www.tbilisisrf.gov.ge/

Answered by Valeri Chechelashvili, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Chinese President Xi Jinping has met with Kazakh Prime Minister and Parliament Speaker in Astana, signed a joint declaration, and held talks in Astana. Link President Xi Jinping visited Kazakhstan's President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev in Nur-Sultan in 2022. Link The President of Kazakhstan is scheduled to pay a state visit to China in 2023. Link In 2022, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev received State Councilor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi of China during his official visit to Kazakhstan. Link President Xi Jinping met with Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev at the Great Hall of the People during Tokayev's visit to China for the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. Link

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/special/xjp201309/
2. https://www.voanews.com/a/china-xi-kicks-off-central-asia-trip-with-visits-to-kazakhstan-uzbekistan/6747766.html
3. https://astanatimes.com/2023/03/president-of-kazakhstan-to-pay-state-visit-to-china-this-year/
4. https://www.akorda.kz/en/kazakhstan-president-receives-state-councilor-the-minister-of-foreign-affairs-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china-754345
5. http://us.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/zgyw/202310/t20231017_11162183.htm

Answered by Danil Bekturganov and Tatyana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Chinese President Xi Jinping on Saturday met with Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, calling on both sides to seize opportunities to consolidate and strengthen bilateral comprehensive cooperation and bring more benefits to the two peoples. Link From 8 to 10 September, President Xi Jinping paid a state visit to Uzbekistan. He held talks with Uzbek President Islam Karimov and visited the historical and cultural city of Samarkand with President Karimov's company. The two presidents signed and issued the Joint Declaration Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Uzbekistan on Further Developing and Deepening the Strategic Partnership and signed the Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Link Li Keqiang Arrives in Tashkent to Attend the 18th Meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Council of Heads of Government and Pay an Official Visit to Uzbekistan Link Shavkat Mirziyaev has arrived in China to pay his first official visit to that country as Uzbekistan's president. Link China welcomed the Uzbek president, Islam Karimov, to a summit meeting yesterday, saying the two countries stood united against terrorism. Link On May 12, the second China+Central Asia (C+C5) Foreign Ministers’ Meeting was held in Xi’an City, a capital of Shaanxi Province, located in northwest China. The discussion focused on the pandemic and related matters, economic cooperation as well as regional security with an emphasis on the case of Afghanistan. Link Meeting with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China Link In a recent meeting at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Beijing, Uzbekistan presented its “Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022-2026.” The strategy, presented in the Chinese language, envisages Uzbekistan deepening its economic relations with China Link (2023) Uzbekistan delegation meets with representatives of Chinese government in Beijing (2023) Link President Xi Jinping Arrives in Samarkand to Begin State Visit to Uzbekistan (2022) Link Wang Yi Meets with Uzbek Acting Foreign Minister Vladimir Norov (2022) Link On April 12, 2023, President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev held a meeting in Tashkent with Member of the State Council, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China Qin Gang. Link The state visit of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev began on May 18 with bilateral negotiations with the Chairman of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping. The meeting with the participation of delegations of the two countries was held at the Shaanxi residence in Xi'an. Link On April 12, 2023 President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev received member of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, Minister of Foreign Affairs Qin Gang. Link President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev arrived on a working visit to Beijing on October 17. Shavkat Mirziyoyev will hold negotiations with Chinese President Xi Jinping and other officials and will speak at the International Forum “One Belt, One Road”. Link A delegation of Uzbekistan headed by Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Economic Development and Combating Poverty Jamshid Kuchkarov is on a visit to China and meets with representatives of Chinese government in Beijing Link On April 12, 2023, Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev met with State Councilor and Foreign Minister Qin Gang in Tashkent Link. Qin Gang held talks with Uzbek Acting Foreign Minister Bakhtiyor Saidov. Link. On October 8, 2023, Premier Li Qiang of the State Council met in Hangzhou with Prime Minister of Uzbekistan Abdulla Aripov who was in China to attend the closing ceremony of the 19th Asian Game. Link

1. https://english.news.cn/20220205/9590f7fccc2c4ca6a6df29a935530cf2/c.html
2. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zzjg_663340/dozys_664276/gjlb_664280/3255_664392/
3. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/cebn//eng/zgxw/t1713366.htm
4. https://www.rferl.org/a/uzbekistan-president-china-visit/28480763.html
5. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/may/26/china
6. https://warsawinstitute.org/chinacentral-asia-cc5-meeting/
7. https://sng.today/tashkent/17001-diplomaty-uzbekistana-i-kitaja-obsudili-perspektivy-razvitija-vsestoronnih-otnoshenij.html
8. https://thediplomat.com/2022/05/china-and-uzbekistan-an-emerging-development-partnership/
9. https://kun.uz/en/news/2023/04/20/uzbekistan-delegation-meets-with-representatives-of-chinese-government-in-beijing
10. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/gjhdq_665435/2675_665437/3255_664392/3257_664396/202209/t20220915_10766231.html
11. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/zxxx_662805/202206/t20220608_10700327.html
12. http://uz.china-embassy.gov.cn/rus/jrzg/zgyw/202304/t20230414_11059355.htm
13. https://iiv.uz/ru/news/ozbekiston-va-xitoy-yetakchilari-har-tomonlama-strategik-sheriklikni-kengaytirishning-ustuvor-yonalishlarini-belgilab-oldilar
14. https://president.uz/ru/lists/view/6151
15. https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2023/10/17/arrival/
16. https://kun.uz/en/news/2023/04/20/uzbekistan-delegation-meets-with-representatives-of-chinese-government-in-beijing
17. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb_663304/wjbz_663308/activities_663312/202304/t20230414_11059225.html#:~:text=On%20April%2012%2C%202023%20local,Minister%20Qin%20Gang%20in%20Tashkent
18. http://no.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/zgwj_1/202310/t20231013_11160325.htm

Answered by Farkhod Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"On December 22, 2021, Vice Foreign Minister Le Yucheng and Belarusian Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Nikolai Borisevich held video consultations between Chinese and Belarusian Foreign Ministries. The two sides exchanged views on bilateral relations, high-level exchanges, practical cooperation, and international and regional issues of common concern. Link On June 24, 2016 local time, President Xi Jinping met in Tashkent with President Alexander Lukashenko of Belarus. Link On May 12, 2022 the First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus, Sergei Aleinik, met with the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China, Xie Xiaoyun. Link He Wei, vice-chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, met with Valery Mitskevich, deputy chairman of the House of Representatives of Belarus, via video link on April 29 Link Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko visited China and was welcomed by Xi Jinping in September 2016 Link Alexander Lukashenko, the president of Belarus and close ally of Russian leader Vladimir Putin, is due to visit Beijing on Tuesday for a meeting with Xi Jinping, in a high-profile trip symbolising the widening gulf between the US and China over the war in Ukraine. Link President Xi Jinping Meets with Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko Link Xi Jinping Holds Talks with President of Belarus Aleksandr Lukashenko Link Defense industry, severe discipline, new age of Belarus-China relations in President's Chinese Week Link Chinese leader Xi Jinping met on Wednesday with Alexander Lukashenko, the president of Belarus and a close ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin. Link Li Qiang Meets with Prime Minister of Belarus Roman Golovchenko Link"

1. http://en.cppcc.gov.cn/2021-05/01/c_624063.htm
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-2yfkt5lik
3. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/27/lukashenko-xi-meeting-china-us-russia
4. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx_662805/202209/t20220916_10766768.html
5. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/zxxx_662805/202303/t20230303_11034766.html
6. https://eng.belta.by/preside nt/view/defense-industry-severe-discipline-new-age-of-belarus-china-relations-in-presidents-chinese-week-157114-2023/
7. https://www.npr.org/2023/03/01/1160309060/china-belarus-xi-jinping-russia-ally-lukashenko-meet
8. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/zxxx_662805/202311/t20231111_11178521.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In March 2023, the venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro was invited by the Chinese Comunist Party (CCP) to take part in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-level Meeting. Also, in october a delegation from the venezuelan ruling party visited the PRC and had some meetings with high level officials from CCP. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Mora than a few, significant" rating.

1. http://sr.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/zyxw/202303/t20230317_11043656.htm
2. https://www.idcpc.org.cn/lldt/202304/t20230410_151669.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Chile has a joint parliamentary committee with China, and therefore politicians participate in several events related to the party structure. Therefore this indicator deserves a "More than a Few" rating. These events sometimes relate to sensitive issues such as Tibet affairs. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Significant" rating.

1. https://www.camara.cl/transparencia/listadodeviajes.aspx
2. https://www.camara.cl/transparencia/ViajesextranjeroInstancia.aspx
3. http://cl.china-embassy.gov.cn/esp/sbxw/202310/t20231017_11162348.htm
4. https://pcchile.cl/historico/2019/08/23/comunicado-publico-visita-a-china-de-parlamentarios-pc/

Answered by Sascha Hannig Núñez, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Members of the Serbian ruling and dominant party have regular official visits to the CCP. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "More than a few" rating. These visits are complementary to deepening bilateral ties between the two administrations. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Significant" rating.

1. https://www.rtv.rs/sr_lat/politika/delegacija-sns-u-poseti-kini-produbljivanje-saradnje_1022295.html
2. https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/srbija-kina-komunisticka-partija/31345565.html
3. https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/kina-naprednjaci-inspiracija/32529775.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Meetings with the representatives of the PRC are being held very often both in Turkey and China and bureaucrats and civil society representatives often attend these meetings. In addition to these, one far-right political party entitled Homeland Party has its office in China for improving their relations with the PRC. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "More than a few" rating. China’s Embassy in Ankara also said in a statement that the cooperation between Turkish political parties and Chinese Communist Party were improved significantly. Therefore, this indicator deserves an "Significant" rating.

1. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2021/gundem/daire-baskani-rapor-alip-akpli-vekille-cini-gezmis-6497330/
2. http://www.sanliurfa.gov.tr/sanliurfa-cinde-tanitildi
3. https://vatanpartisi.org.tr/genel-merkez/yerel-orgutler/vatan-partisi-yurtdisi-temsilcilikleri-19687
4. https://vatanpartisi.org.tr/genel-merkez/haberler/cin-komunist-partisi-nden-vatan-partisi-ne-ziyaret-25719
5. http://oncugenclik.org.tr/vatan-partisi-cin-ziyaretini-tamamladi/
6. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/ocak2022.tr.mfa
7. https://twitter.com/avhamzadag/status/1198524418512838656?s=20&t=he6Z5h7gKCVFJVgnVG1zkg
8. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/cetur//tur/xwdt/t985298.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, it's a part of ongoing strategic partnership between the two countries.

1. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx_662805/202205/t20220523_10691130.html

Answered by Shahzeb Jillani, and has been reviewed by Shahzada Zulfiqar

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, representatives of a political party in Afghanistan's national legislature have been invited to visit the PRC or attended events hosted by the International Department of the Chinese Communist Party (中共中央对外联络部).

1. https://www.stimson.org/2024/update-on-china-afghanistan-relations/
2. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/gjhdq_665435/2675_665437/2676_663356/

Answered by Rahimullah Kakar, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Members of Kenya's ruling political parties maintain close ties with the CPC. Both the immediate former ruling party Jubilee and current ruling party UDA have prioritised ties with CPC. Therefore this indicator deserves a "More than a few" rating. Jubilee sent its senior management to China in 2018 to be trained by the CPC. Jubilee's chairperson was an attendee of the July 6, 2021 World Political Parties Summit held virtually. UDA, on the other hand, has invited the CPC to Kenya to train its members.Jubilee had a majority in the National Assembly between 2013 and 2022 while UDA currently has the majority. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Significant" rating.

1. http://www.chinafrica.cn/Homepage/202103/t20210326_800241566.html
2. http://ke.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/zkgx/sbjw/201807/t20180716_7130026.htm
3. https://english.news.cn/africa/20230225/ee8ded96c6cc4c84a9f7fae64641736f/c.html
4. https://twitter.com/ChineseEmbKenya/status/1412776014841892869

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Party-to-party contact beyween the CCP and Singapore's PAP have increased over the years, given the CCP's emphasis on developing party-to-party ties. Several meetings between Singapor and PRC officials have taken place under the label of party-to-party meetings. Singapore's PAP has participated in the World Poltical Parties Summit, the events hosted by the International Department of the Chinese Communist Party.

1. http://sg.china-embassy.gov.cn/zxwl/202401/t20240130_11235736.htm
2. http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2023/1028/c64094-40105300.html
3. https://www.pap.org.sg/news/remarks-by-deputy-government-whip-and-pap-womens-wing-vice-chairperson-sim-ann-for-the-cpc-and-world-political-parties-summit-on-6-july-2021/
4. http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/20240129/60e6f8d9baf84a28bad729e606d93984/c.html
5. http://www.news.cn/politics/2023-02/20/c_1129381420.htm
6. http://www.news.cn/politics/2023-02/20/c_1129381420.htm
7. https://www.zaobao.com.sg/news/singapore/story20240129-1465152

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

As the ruling party, the CCP maintains strong ties with the United Russia party, whose representatives have been participating in World Political Parties Summits and Dialogues with World Political Parties High-Level Meetings since the mid-2010s. Moreover, on an ideological basis, the CCP invites the Russian Communist Party to participate in the annual World Socialism Forum, organized by the China Academy of Social Sciences. Furthermore, United Russia has been holding a Dialogue with the CCP annually; on November 23, 2023, the two parties organized the 10th Dialogue within the cross-ruling parties cooperation framework.

1. http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/10937/print
2. https://rg.ru/2023/10/18/videotransliaciia-putin-vystupaet-na-forume-odin-poias-odin-put-v-pekine.html
3. https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2023/11/22/1006989-rossiiskie-ofitsialnie-litsa-aktivno-stali-poseschat-kitai
4. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/dialog-kpk-s-mirom-kak-platforma-dlya-prodvizheniya-idei-soobschestva-edinoy-sudby-chelovechestva/viewer
5. https://kprf.ru/party-live/cknews/222742.html
6. https://er.ru/activity/news/si-czinpin-v-privetstvii-uchastnikam-x-dialoga-edinoj-rossii-i-kompartii-kitaya-dialog-mezhdu-pravyashimi-partiyami-kitaya-i-rossii-stal-unikalnoj-ploshadkoj-dlya-uglubleniya-politicheskogo-doveriya

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

ZANU PF officials have attended CCP congresses and there is agreement between ZANU PF and CCP for cooperation and support of each other and vice versa. CCP has given solidarity messages at ZANU PF conferences and congresses

1. https://www.herald.co.zw/zanu-pf-officials-off-to-china/

Answered by Ernest Mudzengi and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula and Dr. Obert Hodzi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Several representatives of Argentina's legislature have been invited to the PRC and have been hosted by the Chinese National People's Assembly. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "more than a few" rating. In these meetings, they have met with high-ranking politicians in the National People's Assembly and promoted higher cooperation between the two governments. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "significant" rating.

1. https://www.diputados.gov.ar/prensa/noticia/CECILIA-MOREAU-ABOGO-POR-LA-COOPERACION-BILATERAL-ANTE-LA-ASAMBLEA-POPULAR-NACIONAL-CHINA/
2. https://www.pagina12.com.ar/554842-maximo-kirchner-con-el-poder-politico-chino
3. https://twitter.com/ChinaEmbArg/status/1734717022510936573
4. https://www.hcdn.gob.ar/prensa/noticia/MARTIN-MENEM-RECIBIO-AL-VICEPRESIDENTE-DE-LA-ASAMBLEA-POPULAR-CHINA-WU-WEIHUA-PARA-AFIANZAR-LOS-LAZOS-DIPLOMATICOS/

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The only instance that high-level Philippine officials met with representatives of the PRC was during the states visit of President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. in China from Jan. 3 to 5, 2023. He met with Chinese President Xi Jinping, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, and Li Zhanshu, chair of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. Therefore, this Indicator warrants a “More than a few” rating. During his state visit in China, Mr. Marcos brought with him a delegation of high-ranking officials from the executive and legislative branches of the Philippine government. Among them were former and House Deputy Speaker President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo and House Speaker Martin Romualdez. Arroyo and Romualdez are the president emeritus and incumbent president of the Lakas-CMD political party. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Significant” rating.

1. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx_662805/202301/t20230105_11001064.html
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20230817032140/https://pia.gov.ph/news/2023/01/03/pres-marcos-off-to-china-for-state-visit

Supplementary Notes

On July 17, 2023, former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte Jr. met with President Xi Jinping at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, with Philippine media reporting it as a meeting of “two old friends.” Joining Xi in the meeting were State Counselor Wang Yi, Communist Party of China (CPC) Committee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs member Ma Zhaoxu, Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Sun Weidong and Assistant Foreign Minister Hua Chunying. Duterte remains as the chair of the PDP-Laban political party, whose membership dwindled in the Congress, but still remain a strong political block in the local governments.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 4 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Representatives of a political party in my country’s national legislature have been invited to visit the PRC or attended events hosted by the International Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Wang Yang, chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, meets with Esperanca Bias, president of the Assembly of the Republic of Mozambique, via video link, in Beijing, capital of China, Sept 13, 2022

1. http://en.cppcc.gov.cn/2022-09/14/c_812089.htm

Answered by Tomé Bambo, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, these visits are ongoing and regular across government, parliament, etc.

1. https://www.cpp.org.kh/en/details/362029

Supplementary Notes

Link

1. https://www.iseas.edu.sg/articles-commentaries/iseas-perspective/2023-101-reviewing-chinas-elite-centric-approach-in-its-relations-with-cambodia-by-chhay-lim/

Answered by Bradley J. Murg, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Meeting of Foreign Ministers of Tajikistan and China, 2023: Link President Xi Jinping Meets with Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, 2022: Link On August 1, 2022, Tajik President Emomali Rahmon received Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. They discussed current cooperation issues, particularly in trade, the economy, healthcare, investment, transport, and regional security. Link Chinese Premier Li Qiang meets with Tajik Prime Minister Kokhir Rasulzoda on the sidelines of the 22nd Meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Member States in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, on October 26, 2023. Link

1. https://mfa.tj/en/washington/view/12540/meeting-of-foreign-ministers-of-tajikistan-and-china
2. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx_662805/202209/t20220915_10766473.html
3. https://www.specialeurasia.com/2022/08/01/tajikistan-china-cooperation/
4. https://eng.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/p/01V4MMLR.html

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The 11th meeting of the Coordination Group Kyrgyzstan - Xinjiang UAR PRC under the Kyrgyz-Chinese Intergovernmental Commission on Trade and Economic Cooperation was held online (2022). Link President Xi Jinping met with Kyrgyz President Sadyr Zhaparov (2022). Link Chinese Premier Li Qiang met with Kyrgyz Prime Minister Akylbek Japarov in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, on October 25, 2023. Link

1. http://en.kabar.kg/news/11th-meeting-of-kyrgyzstan-xuar-prc-coordination-group-held-online/
2. http://ge.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/xwdt/202209/t20220918_10767552.htm
3. https://eng.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/p/0G4FOA3N.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

During the past decade, some congress men (and congress women) from the Insitutional Revolutionary Party (PRI, in spanish) met with high authorities from CCP. Later, in 2019, the head of ruling party (MORENA) MP. Yeidckol Polevnsky, as well as another politician called Gerardo Fernández Noroña, visited the PRC. Considering the number of these meetings, I consider this indicator deserves a "few" rating". Also, considering this indicatior is described as systemic and, mexican member of parliament were linked with the ruling parties during the moment when these meetings were made, I consider this indicator deserves “significant" rating.

1. https://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/articulo/default.aspx?id=1661867&md5=dd08c1e4e8ad40700dfea531892f7127&ta=0dfdbac11765226904c16cb9ad1b2efe
2. https://www.proceso.com.mx/nacional/2019/4/24/viajaron-china-yeidckol-polevnsky-gerardo-fernandez-norona-223850.html
3. https://pri.org.mx/ElPartidoDeMexico/saladeprensa/Nota.aspx?y=24604

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

All political parties participated in a recent CPC Dialogue with World Political Parties. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Few" and an "Significant" rating.

1. https://parlatino.org/news/cumbre-entre-pcch-y-partidos-politicos-del-mundo/

Answered by Alonso Illueca, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In my country, representatives of the different political parties in the Legislative Assembly have been invited to visit the PRC. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Few” rating. Most of the trips are financed by the Chinese government. Therefore, this Indicator deserves an “Significant” rating.

1. https://n9.cl/36ekf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

yes

1. http://gm.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/sgxw/202303/t20230319_11044241.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) has routinely met with CCP representatives. The BSP even established an affiliate in Wuhan. Moreover, nationalist, pro-Russian party Revival has recently started to actively promote "cooperation with China", repeated the "One China principle" and met frequently with the Chinese Embassy in Bulgaria.

1. https://news.bg/politics/bsp-se-sreshta-s-komunisticheskite-partii-na-kitay-i-vietnam.html
2. https://bsp.bg/news/view/5112-sergej_stanishev_se_sreshtna_s_delegaciq_ot_kitajskata_narodna_republika.html
3. https://www.mediapool.bg/bsp-s-partiyna-organizatsiya-v-kitai-v-chest-na-vizitata-na-oresharski-news210958.html
4. https://vazrazhdane.bg/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B7%D0%B0-%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%BA/

Answered by Rumena Filipova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Greek political party representatives' visits in the PRC and their attendance in IDCPC or other events organized by Chinese state entities is a well established fact, but the frequency of such cases is relatively low. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Few" rating. However, in several of those visits and attendancies Greece is represented by high ranking officials, with the current Greek Prime Minister having visited China twice in the past five years after being officially invited to discuss bilateral cooperation. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Significant" rating.

1. https://www.ertnews.gr/perifereia/se-foroum-stin-kina-i-vaso-xoxlaka-ekprosopise-to-pasok/
2. http://subsites.chinadaily.com.cn/Qiushi/2023-11/06/c_936462.htm
3. https://www.mfa.gr/china/en/consulate-general-shanghai/news/conclusion-of-china-international-import-expo-2023-shanghai-6th-ciie-and-greeces-participation.html
4. https://www.ekathimerini.com/economy/1222935/greek-development-minister-in-beijing-for-belt-and-road-forum/
5. https://www.oboreurope.com/en/second-belt-and-road-forum-1/
6. https://www.ethnos.gr/englishversion/article/70214/pmmitsotakismeetschinesepresidentxijinping
7. http://gr.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/zxgx/202311/t20231110_11178153.htm
8. http://gr.china-embassy.gov.cn/chn/zxgx/202208/t20220804_10734300.htm
9. http://gr.china-embassy.gov.cn/chn/zxgx/202211/t20221128_10981878.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The vice-president of the Moldovan parliament visited Beijing and had meetings at the top level with CCP officials.

1. https://newsmaker.md/ro/la-invitatia-partidului-comunist-chinez-socialistii-in-frunte-cu-batrincea-au-plecat-in-china

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Only from the Nicaraguan governing party which is almost the only party allowed to operate in the country.

1. https://100noticias.com.ni/politica/122548-rosario-murillo-creando-nuevo-mundo-ataque-eeuu/

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Javier Melendez

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Members of MAS political party participated in political parties summits virtually over the last 5 years and only once in person in 2018.

1. https://www.idcpc.gov.cn/ztwy/hytl/gdh/zybdgdh/202303/t20230316_151343.html
2. https://www.idcpc.gov.cn/ttxw_2992/202107/t20210708_146418.html
3. https://www.idcpc.gov.cn/ztwy/hytl/zhongla/zlfyt/rmzs/202112/t20211207_147978.html
4. https://www.idcpc.gov.cn/ztwy/hytl/zggcd_2018/xwzx_zggcd2018/201805/t20180528_126141.html

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Representatives from Nigeria’s two largest parties, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) and the All Progressives Congress (APC) attended the World Political Parties Summit in 2021. The International Department of the CPC also organised the China-Nigeria Business Dialogue in 2022, which had members of the APC who had ministerial posts attend via video link. Therefore this indicator deserves a few, significant response.

1. https://nairametrics.com/2021/07/07/nigerian-political-parties-must-work-together-towards-national-development-china/
2. https://www.idcpc.org.cn/english/news/202209/t20220901_149729.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

South Africa's president, Cyril Ramaphosa, has attended a CCP International Department event in 2022. South African political parties, specifically the African National Congress (ANC) and the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), have shown close ties with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). ANC and EFF representatives attended the 73rd-anniversary celebration of the People's Republic of China on September 28, 2022, in Johannesburg. The ANC has engaged in ""party-to-party diplomacy"" with the CCP since the 1950s. Therefore, this indicator deserves both a ""significant"" rating, but few as evidence of recent visits from other South African parties is absent.

1. https://www.polity.org.za/article/ramaphosa-reaffirms-friendship-with-chinese-communist-party-whose-foreign-policy-posture-anc-admires-2023-03-16
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPC_and_World_Political_Parties_Summit
3. https://www.africanews.com/2023/07/18/south-africas-anc-meets-brics-political-parties-ahead-of-summit/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Vietnam attented CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-Level Meetings in 2017 and 2023. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Few” and "Significant" rating.

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/leaders/2021-07/07/c_1127628998.htm
2. https://cn.baochinhphu.vn/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%9B%A2%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%82%E5%AF%B9%E8%AF%9D%E4%BC%9A-116230318173134863.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Dev Raj Ghimire, the speaker of the Nepali Parliament met with visiting Chinese leader Yuan last year in Nepal (2023). In 2016, Ghimire was in China at the invitation of the China Foundation for Peace and Development. In 2023, Deputy Speaker Indira Rana Magar visited China to take part in a Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) related program.Vice President Ram Shaya Yadav also visited China in 2023.

1. https://english.ratopati.com/story/29146
2. https://english.onlinekhabar.com/china-analyst-jp-gupta-not-talk-madhesh.html
3. https://english.khabarhub.com/2023/30/309104/
4. https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/vice-president-yadav-to-visit-china

Answered by Sriparna Pathak, and has been reviewed by Amish Mulmi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The MPLA (People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola) and the CPC have a long history of exchanges. The MPLA is a regular at events organised by the CPC.

1. https://www.kas.de/documents/285576/0/Ties+that+Bind+-+China%27s+Party-to-Party+Diplomacy+in+Africa.pdf/50ff72dd-355d-e490-44e0-03db12614c1b?version=1.0&t=1636992694665

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Several political parties in Indonesia such as Golkar, PDIP, etc. visited the PRC and attended events at the invitation of the Chinese Communist Party

1. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3281584/diundang-partai-komunis-china-pengurus-golkar-berdialog-dengan-warga-nanjing
2. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20221013150802-106-860136/bagaimana-hubungan-politikus-parpol-ri-dan-partai-komunis-china
3. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20180207133758-12-274542/hasto-akui-pdip-pernah-studi-banding-ke-partai-komunis-china

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

South Korean lawmakers, including a group from the Democratic Party, have visited China and participated in such events.

1. https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2023/06/15/national/diplomacy/Korea-Democratic-Party-China/20230615163341873.html

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The IDCPC is surely active in Germany, however, due to the increasing scrutiny over Germany's relationship with China as well as disruptions during the pandemic, it must be mentioned that such visits have decreased. Still, the phenomenon is significant, as IDCPC is increasingly acting as an instrument of the Chinese foreign secret service, according to a July 2023 document by the German Intelligence Service.

1. https://www.wirtschaftsschutz.info/SharedDocs/Publikationen/DE/Wirtschaftsschutzallgemein/Sicherheitshinweis_2_23.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2
2. https://www.ipg-journal.de/rubriken/aussen-und-sicherheitspolitik/artikel/offensiv-und-selbstbewusst-6851/

Answered by Angela Stanzel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Great Britain-China Centre (GBCC), a government-funded body, co-organised the 11th UK-China Senior Leadership Forum in London with the International Deparment of the Chinese Communist Party (IDCPC) in June 2023. 20 Chinese officials and embassy representatives, as well as a group of UK politicians from different parties, led by Minister of State for Indo-Pacific, Anne-Marie Trevelyan MP, attended the opening ceremony. There are few similar incidents, justifying the 'few' rating. Given that a government minister was in attendance, this Indicator deserves a 'Significant' rating.

1. https://www.gbcc.org.uk/news-events/2023/11th-uk-china-senior-leadership-forum

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Sam Dunning and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"Chinese premier arrives in Latvia for official visit, China-CEE summit Link Premier Li arrives in Latvia for official visit, China-CEE summit Link Keqiang Arrives in Riga to Attend 5th Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries and Pay Official Visit to Latvia Link Premier Li Keqiang met with Edgars Rinkevics, Foreign Minister and Representative of Latvian Prime Minister, who was attending the Meeting of Heads of Government of Central and Eastern European Countries and China in Bucharest, Romania. Link"

1. http://www.china-ceec.org/eng/zyxw_4/201611/t20161107_6512666.htm
2. http://english.www.gov.cn/premier/news/2016/11/04/content_281475482842187.htm
3. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/2016zt/lkqfwjejssthskstltwyelsbcxxlgjhy/201611/t20161108_704302.html
4. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/gjhdq_665435/3265_665445/3190_664610/

Answered by Una Aleksandra Berzina-Cerenkova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Mostly members of the French Communist Party

1. https://french.cri.cn/interview/list/714/20190730/323522.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are several examples of national legislature who have visited China and meeting with the international department of the Chinese Communist Patry. However, they tend to be for individual meetings rather than major events.

1. https://www.idcpc.org.cn/english2023/bzhd/202307/t20230728_159831.html
2. https://www.idcpc.org.cn/english2023/bzhd/201803/t20180320_156527.html

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In February 2023, a high-level Ethiopian delegation led by the Minister of Finance arrived in Beijing, China for an official visit. Minister Ahmed Shide is a member of the Prosperity Party in Ethiopia and a member of parliament. In November 2023, the Ethiopian government delegation visited the Museum of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in Shanghai. Vice President of the Prosperity Party, Adem Farah, attended.

1. https://www.ena.et/web/eng/w/en_43275
2. https://www.fanabc.com/english/ethiopias-high-level-delegation-visits-cpc-museum-in-china/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

I have classed this as few and insignificant as this occurred in the past, but has not happened in the last two years, some of the people who attended these things are no longer in parliament or in control of political parties (n.b. this should have been classed as a "case" question rather than a "system" one - this

1. http://m.xinhuanet.com/2019-09/05/c_1124965972.htm
2. https://news.sina.cn/2019-09-06/detail-iicezueu4007700.d.html
3. https://news.cgtn.com/news/7749544e7a637a6333566d54/index.html

Answered by Catherine Churchman, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Uganda's National Resistance Movement (NRM)- the ruling party leaders have, from time to time visited China, under the invitation of the CCP. Also, CCP leaders jabe visited Uganda at the invitation of the NRM

1. http://www.focac.org/eng/zfgx_4/rwjl/201908/t20190819_8090228.htm
2. https://nrm.ug/news/communist-party-china-delegation-received-ugandas-national-resistance-movement-party-leaders

Answered by Abdou Rahim Lema, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Japanese politicians have participated in the Japan-China High-Level Political Dialogue, the Japan-China High-Level Economic Dialogue, and the Japan-China High-Level Dialogue on Human and Cultural Exchange. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "More than a few" reting. However, these meetings are held regularly. Therefore, this indicator deserves an "Insignificant" rating.

1. http://jp.china-embassy.gov.cn/jpn/jzzg/202208/t20220818_10745093.htm

Supplementary Notes

- The Fifth Japan-China High-Level Economic Dialogue in 2019 (Link) - The First Japan-China High-Level Dialogue on Human and Cultural Exchange in 2019 (Link)

1. https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/a_o/c_m2/page4_004899.html
2. https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/a_o/c_m1/cn/page3_002969.html

Answered by Ryohei Suzuki, and has been reviewed by Maiko Ichihara and Yuki Moritarni

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Found from CPC News that the leader of the International Department of the CCP, Jianchao Liu, met a delegation of Yeni Azərbaycan Partiyası led by its deputy chairperson Tahir Budagov on May 30, 2023. Link (source: Link ). The New Azerbaijan Party represents the ruling party and the president/chairman of the party is Ilham Aliev.

1. http://cpc.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2023/0530/c64094-40001857.html
2. https://azertag.az/xeber/yeni_azerbaycan_partiyasinin_numayende_heyeti_chine_sefer_edib-2637248

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Trips by political representatives of Peruvian parties to China are rare. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Few” rating. In 1984, the general secretary of APRA, Alan García Perez, attending the invitation of the Chinese Communist Party. To date, no other relevant meeting is known. Therefore, this Indicator deserves an “Insignificant” rating.

1. https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/101565/1/Mendez_la_conexi_n_china_en_la_Pol_tica_Exterior_del_Per_en_el_Siglo_XXI_published.pdf
2. https://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0212/c64387-29820765.html

Supplementary Notes

"Currently, the political parties of the right and left in Peru do not maintain a relationship with the Chinese Communist Party. In the case of the Peruvian right, their speech indicates that they are against communism and in the case of the left, they do not endorse the violation of human rights, freedom of expression, censorship, among others. It is recorded that the former congressman (2001-2006) and current Andean parliamentarian (2021-2026), Gustavo Pacheco, representing the Institute of International Studies of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, participated in November 2017, in a dialogue of high level between the Communist Party of China and world political parties, at that time Pacheco was affiliated with the ""National Solidarity"" political party. However, Pachecho is not a relevant politician like Alan García, who became president of Peru on two occasions (1985-1990 and 2006-2011)."

Answered by Jack Lo Lau and Jorge Jesús Chávez Ortíz, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

An Algerian delegation including representatives of six political parties concludes its visit to China. October 2023

1. https://alharir.info/80808-2/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In July 2023, top leaders of leftist parties of the ruling 14-party alliance went to China at the invitation of Communist Party of China (CPC).

1. https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/politics/14-party-leftist-alliances-leaders-leave-china-state-visit-670810
2. https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/330289/awami-league-delegation-to-visit-china-on

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The last public report of an event in which memebers of parliament attended dates from May 2021. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Few" rating. Back then, the online event celebrated the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between Austria and China. Therefore, this indicator deserves an "Insignificant" rating.

1. https://www.idcpc.org.cn/english/news/202105/t20210531_146035.html

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Far-right politician Filip Dewinter has been present in China for various fora over the course of 2017.

1. http://www2.ccpvip.com/a/shijiezhichuang/20171121/9412.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

A meeting of the delegations of the Alliance of Independent Social Democrats (SNSD) and the Communist Party of China was held in East Sarajevo, where the strategic partnership of the two political parties was confirmed. The SNSD delegation was led by Staša Košarac, a member of the SNSD Presidency and Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations in the Council of Ministers, and the delegation of the Communist Party of China was led by Qian Hongshan, Deputy Minister of the International Department of the Central Committee of this party.

1. https://toktv.ba/snsd-i-komunisticka-partija-kine-potvrdili-stratesko-partnerstvo/

Answered by Stefan Vladisavljev and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In March 15, 2023, the head of the small Levica (Left) party and an MP, Dimitar Apasiev , attended through video conferrence call, the world summit of the Chinese Communist Party. In April, 2023 another Levica representative atended a Bejing based "China -Central and Eastern Europe Youth Development Forum". Therefore this indicator deserves a "Few" rating. This is a small parliamentary opposition party with just two MP's in the 120 seat parliament, and its pro-Chinese enthusiasm is not shared by other prominent parties. Therefore, this indicator deserves an "insignificant" rating.

1. https://mia.mk/story/%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82-%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0
2. https://antropol.mk/2023/04/01/repubika-makedonija-levica-kina/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Portuguese Communist Party has good institutional relations with its Chinese counterpart. The last visit was made in mid-2023 by the secretary-general and a delegation. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Few" rating. Notwithstanding, the impact of the Portuguese Communist Party cannot be considered significant. Therefore, this Indicator deserves an "Insignificant" rating.

1. https://observador.pt/2023/05/15/paulo-raimundo-de-visita-a-china-a-convite-do-partido-comunista-chines/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

As mentioned at the previous item, official delegations to the PRC have practically ceased after 2018-19. The last one was of a parliamentary committee on finance in 2019 and the travel was paid by the Romanian part. A few PRC delegations came to Romania after 2020 but the visits were inter-institutional and low key (see links). The representatives of the Romania-China House (a dubious friendship organization sponsored by a Romanian businessman with criminal record) took part to the BRI summit in Beijing in Oct 2023

1. https://www.cdep.ro/bp/docs/F785124431/img09252019_0002.pdf
2. http://ro.china-embassy.gov.cn/rom/zlgxnew/202001/t20200114_2826752.html
3. https://casaromanochineza.ro/reprezentanti-ai-casei-romano-chineze-prezenti-la-forumul-cooperarii-internationale-din-cadrul-initiativei-o-centura-un-drum-care-a-avut-loc-la-beijing
4. https://www.bihorjust.ro/delegatie-din-china-la-curtea-constitutionala

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Only a few from Spanish Communist Party.

1. http://gq.china-embassy.gov.cn/esp/zxxx/202107/t20210709_9130182.htm

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, representatives of political parties in Turkmenistan's national legislature have been invited to visit the PRC and attended events hosted by the International Department of the Chinese Communist Party. For example, a delegation from the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan, the Agrarian Party of Turkmenistan, and the Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Turkmenistan, led by Ata Serdarow, leader of the Democratic Party, met with Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, in Beijing.

1. https://www.idcpc.gov.cn/english/news/202403/t20240305_163485.html

Answered by Temur Umarov, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The International Department of the CPC Central Committee held an online training course for over 20 middle and senior cadres from the Senegalese Alliance for the Republic (APR), the ruling party of Senegal. This four-day event focused on epidemic prevention, economic development, and China-Africa cooperation. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Few" rating as it involves a single event with a limited number of participants. However, it merits a "Significant" rating because it included middle and senior party officials and covered important topics relevant to Senegal's governance and China-Africa relations.

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2020-06/16/c_1126122475.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In the recent past (previous Parliament), only Jan Skopeček (ODS) attended the ILD’s Dialogue of Political Parties. Members of the SPD were also invited. Radek Vondráček (ANO) also met with ILD's representatives, claiming he didn't know about their affiliation. The two parties with the most frequent contacts with the ILD, ČSSD and KSČM, are currently not represented in the Chamber of Deputies.

1. https://sinopsis.cz/en/a-new-comintern-for-the-new-era-the-ccp-international-department-from-bucharest-to-reykjavik/
2. https://www.seznamzpravy.cz/clanek/cina-lovila-ceske-poslance-pred-klicovym-summitem-byli-za-tim-jeji-zpravodajci-89873

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Mostly retired politicians, but also members of parliament which visited China have met with representatives of International Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Most of these visits however happened befor the COVID pandemic.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, Bendito dos Santos Freitas, representing the Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, attended the G77+China Summit with the theme “Current development challenges: the role of science, technology and innovation”, which was held in Havana, Cuba, on September 15th and 16th, 2023.

1. http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=34253&lang=en&lang=en

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Some Thai police officers receive Chinese language training from teachers at the Confucius Institute. In November 2023, during discussions between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and political parties from Southeast and South Asia on Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) cooperation, Pirapan Salirathavibhaga, leader of the United Thai Nation Party and Thailand’s deputy prime minister, expressed Thailand's ambitions to develop high-speed rail. He stated, "Thailand is also trying to develop high-speed rail, and the government will provide strong support. We hope that Thailand can finance construction by itself, and we also hope to obtain technical support from China."

1. https://thai.cri.cn/247/2012/11/09/230s204052.htm
2. https://news.cgtn.com/news/2023-11-11/CPC-and-Southeast-South-Asian-political-parties-discuss-BRI--1oDPFvLEHnO/index.html

Supplementary Notes

Answered by Pravit Rojanaphruk, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China met Faisal Ibrahim, Minister of Economy and Planning of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Beijing on June 29, 2023.

1. http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2023/0702/c64387-40025778.html

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In May 2022, representatives of coalition parties, including Evgeny Sova, Deputy Speaker of the Israeli Knesset and Chairman of the Knesset Caucus of the 'Our Home Israel' Party, participated in the China-Israel Ruling Party Youth Political Elite Innovation and Development Forum.

1. http://wsb.changzhou.gov.cn/index.php?c=phone&a=show&id=4851&catid=12124

Answered by The Institute for National Security Studies (INSS), and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No new evidence was found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No new evidence was found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No new evidence was found.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Dulamkhorloo Baatar, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Paúl Mena Mena, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon

1. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1653087523750310119&wfr=spider&for=pc
2. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1766740179443960850&wfr=spider&for=pc

Supplementary Notes

There are meetings between members of Colombian parties and officials of the Chinese Communist Party, but these have been within the framework of bilateral relations and their impact has not been reduced.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Not Found

Answered by , and has been reviewed by

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No MP trips to China are recorded yet in the current electoral term, though it is still early within the term and visits are expected to happen at a later stage.

Answered by Matej Šimalčík, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

This is highly unlikely as there are no political parties that are supportive of the PRC.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observationof the indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The research found no indication of this but cannot rule out that opposition politicians would have such meetings.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

I couldn't find any evidence of this.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no indication of such events ever occurring and it is highly unlikely given the relatively high capacity and institutional independence of the Dutch government. A special case of this is the PRC funded informal police stations in the Netherlands, which have been heavily criticized by the government and media.

1. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63395617

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of such activity.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Julieta Heduvan

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No relevant reports found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula and Christian Rumu

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are relationships between the political parties in Malaysia and China officials, such as visit etc, but there is no direct evidence on this particular indicator.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the indicator phenomenon.

Answered by Eric Lemus, and has been reviewed by Julio Martinez and Alvaro Cruz

Answer

Supporting Evidence

We are unable to find any source which indicates it

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no records of representatives from a Canadian political party being invited by the PRC or attending events hosted by the International Department of the Chinese Communist Party.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Terry Glavin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No publicly available evidence to support this claim in the affirmative.

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Kevin Mooney and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Taiwan-related affairs are under the administration of Taiwan Affairs Office of State Council and the United Front Work Department since Taiwan is considered a part of PRC.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

We have records of virtual meetings in 2020 of representatives of the PSB, PCdoB, PCB and PT with PRC representatives on Covid-19's control and prevention strategies; and in 2021 of another virtual meeting between the Workers' Party (PT) and the Chinese embassy in Brazil. However, no recent records were found on invitations or travels to attend the mentioned events.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

It is not relevant as there is no official national legislature after the coup.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.