Academia

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://archive.ph/wip/oUTcW

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below link.

1. https://newrepublic.com/article/150476/american-elite-universities-selfcensorship-china

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below links.

1. https://vancouversun.com/opinion/columnists/daphne-bramham-china-cracks-down-on-private-schools
2. https://www.asiapacific.ca/asia-watch/reports-censorship-canadian-schools-china

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Discussion over these issues is avoided because the country as a whole is increasingly dependent on China and doesn't want to upset Beijing. Most Pakistanis would be forgiven for not knowing much about PRC's stance on Taiwan and Hong Kong. Islamist and right-wing institutions like to champion the cause of Muslims the world over, except in China.

1. These are generally treated as China's internal matters, esp in govt universities and state-controlled private media

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Due to the authoritarian history of Taiwan, the educators tend to avoid political issues during the classes. However, after allowing the Chinese students to pursue degrees and exchange programs, there have been occasions that the discussion or curriculum being intervened by the Chinese authorities. In 2017, media revealed that several universities in Taiwan have signed the term of agreement, in order to secure the significant income from the tuition fee of Chinese students. They have promised not to touch on the "controversial topics on the cross-Straits political issues", and not to be engaged in activities on "one China one Taiwan", "Two China" or "Taiwan independence". According to Shih-Hsin University, they have received similar requests from 3 universities from China in 2015-2017.

1. https://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/observations/suspension-or-fadeout-student-exchanges-china-taiwan
2. https://www.setn.com/News.aspx?NewsID=229422
3. https://time.com/4697784/tainwan-universities-mainland-china-academic-freedom/

Answered by Lee Penghsuan, and has been reviewed by Pu Lin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

E.g. In October 2021, 2 Confucius Institutes canceled an event about a biography of Xi Jinping, Link Also, on Nov. 14, 2019, the Free University of Berlin canceled an internal email about a political event about Hong Kong, although it permitted political events about e.g. Bosnia. See, Link “Dear Students, Earlier today an e-mail was distributed through the announce newsletter. The e-mail was not intended to be distributed through the newsletter and was mistakenly approved. Our newsletters serve the sole purpose of disseminating important information regarding our M.A. programme as well as relevant job opportunities to all our students. Please accept my sincere apologies for this mistake. The post does not necessarily reflect any views of the institute of sociology and I apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused. Regards, (name withheld by DKT)”

1. https://www.dw.com/de/konfuzius-institute-kritik-stefan-aust-adrian-geiges-xi-jinping/a-59636041
2. https://lists.fu-berlin.de/listinfo/ma-sociology-announce

Answered by Didi Kirsten Tatlow and Yu-Fen Lai, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

University of Tartu magazine refused to publish an article critical of its cooperation with Huawei. The magazine is not widely read outside of the University.

1. https://news.err.ee/1056839/paper-university-of-tartu-refused-to-publish-article-on-huawei

Answered by Frank Jüris, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Self-censorship typically occurs in the most private realm and so it would be extremely difficult to prove it without an admission by the individual involved. A recent report found 40% of academics specialising in China admitting to self censoring when teaching students from China. A thoughtful discussion of self-censorship in British universities around the topic of China is available the Higher Education Policy Institute’s report into UK universities and China.

1. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/uk-scholars-more-likely-self-censor-when-teaching-chinese-students
2. https://www.hepi.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/UK-Universities-and-China_HEPI-Report-132_FINAL.pdf

Answered by Martin Thorley, and has been reviewed by Sam Hogg

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/ingerence-dans-l-universite-francaise-les-moyens-mis-en-oeuvre-par-la-chine-sont-sans-precedent-2270900
2. https://www.liberation.fr/international/asie-pacifique/dans-les-facs-francaises-des-travaux-diriges-par-pekin-20210726_SXMOA4LHSBFZJAE2HNWSWRHEVE/

Answered by Filip Noubel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://yle.fi/news/3-12500430

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below link.

1. https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/05/28/2020052800256.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.iai.it/sites/default/files/iaip2152.pdf
2. https://www.corriere.it/la-lettura/19_dicembre_19/istituti-confucio-cina-polemica-replica-tripodi-venezia-la-lettura-9591dd64-2265-11ea-8e32-6247f341a5cc.shtml

Supplementary Notes

Plenty of accusations, nothing really confirmed, though it is hard to prove. Rather than actively militate against such discussions, PRC-connected institutions seem to try to coopt such discussions to better control the narrative

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No publicly available evidence to support this claim.

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Although in some topics the Indonesian government chose to abstain by staying silent. However, academics and scholars have been vocal in voicing their position and have presented their own take on what the government should have done instead of staying silent. As there are many discussions on Uyghur took place in university fora.

1. https://www.suara.com/news/2019/12/23/221916/guru-besar-ui-soal-uighur-indonesia-bisa-intervensi-china-lewat-pbb?page=all+
2. https://www.salam-online.com/2018/12/ungkap-fakta-pelanggaran-ham-atas-muslim-uighur-act-jitu-gelar-diskusi.html
3. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/pemerintah-indonesia-diminta-desak-china-lindungi-warga-uighur/4710323.html
4. https://law.ui.ac.id/v3/diskusi-publik-tingkat-nasional-berjudul-konflik-uyghur-sebuah-upaya-meramu-titik-temu/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Tinatin Khidasheli

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Bakytbek Satybekov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Tatiana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found.

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence to include in this

Answered by Jean Githae, and has been reviewed by Tolera Gemta

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence to include

Answered by Cathy Wamaitha, and has been reviewed by Allan Cheboi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

General note: Link

Answered by Eromosele John Aitokhuehi, and has been reviewed by Lekan Otufodunrin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence of this

Answered by Amanda Strydom, and has been reviewed by Chris Roper and Joyce Lin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence

Answered by Christian Ngnie, and has been reviewed by Fadel Thior

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence was found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No reports of teachers/professors avoiding the discussion of PRC’s sensitive political issues in Bolivia.

Answered by Eloisa Larrea Montaño, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

The discussions about the Uyghur re education camps or the Hong Kong status are not very expanded in the Argentinian academic circles. Even though there is a growing interest in China's presence and influence, most of the focus is on cultural, economic and foreign policy affairs.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Professors in Uruguay have freedom to discuss issues considered sensitive to China including Hong Kong, Taiwan or Human Rights.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The URL shows that education is a topic of cooperation between Taiwan and Paraguay. There is even an Education Counselor and "academic, cultural and educational exchanges are offered within the framework of selecting scholarship holders, inviting teachers or authorities in the educational/cultural field to visit Taiwan, cultural events and, among others, cooperative matters between both academic institutions of both nations". Many teachers participate in these activities, so it is unlikely that they will be censured for speaking positively about Taiwan's independence.

1. https://www.roc-taiwan.org/py_es/post/12143.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

While there are not published reports confirming that teachers or professors avoid these topics, nonetheless there aren’t any discussions of the named issues at all. Universities in general avoid discussing sensitive political issues involving the One China principle or Human Rights in China. For example, Universidad Católica often does activities with the Chinese embassy and invites the ambassador to explain China’s perspective on this issue, without anyone to counter his opinion. Moreover, Yun Tso Lee, a Taiwanese-Chinese academic has defended China’s position in the media.

1. https://www.bcn.cl/observatorio/asiapacifico/noticias/regresiva-derechoshumanos-china
2. http://derecho.uc.cl/cn/noticias/28161-embajador-de-china-expuso-sobre-escenario-post-pandemia

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no confirmed reports of this, again, likely in part to very little interest on these subjects in Colombian academic institutions. On a more personal note, and as a research-professor that deals with these issues, I have never been pressured on the content of my classes.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. http://www.mexicoylacuencadelpacifico.cucsh.udg.mx/index.php/mc/article/view/602
2. http://pueaa.unam.mx/multimedia/etnia-uigur-la-busqueda-de-la-libertad-y-la-identidad-de-los-musulmanes-en-la-republica-popular-de-china
3. https://repositorio.colmex.mx/concern/theses/9019s277n?locale=es

Supplementary Notes

Contrario a lo que se pueda pensar, en diversos centros universitarios de México se han realizado estudios superiores, artículos o artículos de opinión criticando la situación de la etnia Uighur en la provincia de Xinjiang

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Supplementary Notes

There is no evidence that this has happened, therefore we confirm our answer.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

as mentioned in the previous indicator, courses on Asia (politics, culture, history) at Venezuelan universities are very limited, which is why topics on “sensitive political issues,” as defined by the PRC, or not part the curricula.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Maiko Ichihara, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No supporting evidence found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No supporting evidence found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No public evidence of that available. There are cases, though, that cannot be backed by public sources.

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Martin Hála

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no evidence that suggests such things have happened, based on Google search, personal experience from studying social studies, and information from professors at the University of Sarajevo.

Supplementary Notes

As stated previously, there is no reason for such a thing to happen, especially because BiH is not involved in these issues.

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold, Amina Celikovic, Selma Asceric, Darko Brkan, Emir Velic, Semir Dzebo, Aldin Karahasanovic and Emir Muric, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No public evidence found. Many scholars and analysts avoid voicing opinions critical of the PRC fearing being denied visa, grants or cooperation with the Chinese counterparts.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no such reports of such avoidance of discussion on such issues.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Dr. Tenzin Tsultrim

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Edval Zoto, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to expert's knowledge and public record, such kind of incidents are not indicated.

Answered by Una Berzina-Cherenkova, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No available data on this question.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

no data was found to support this indicator

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Interview with academics shows no evidence of teachers or professors avoiding discussion of sensitive political issues concerning China.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In my interviews with lecturers at the University of the Gambia and interactions with student leaders, there is no evidence to suggest this is the case in the Gambia.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Unless you are at the Confucius Institute, China does not feature much in Zambia's academic discourse. That initiative has been taken up by ordinary Zambian citizens, workers and journalists who have been unnerved by some troubling aspects of China's presence in Zambia.

1. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00XHZX.pdf
2. https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/chinese-run-education-programmes-strengthen-economic-cooperation-zambia

Supplementary Notes

There is a dearth of academic discussion, especially in the curricula about internal Chinese politics and so two reviewers, a worker at Lady M Guest House and a youth community activist argued that there is no need to avoid a topic that does not even come for discussion. For this reason the response is revised to 0=NO

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No supporting evidence

Answered by , and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In our country teachers or professors would more likely discuss about Uyghur rather avoid them. Although they wouldn't probably talk about Taiwan or Tiananmen Square Massacre. There are no such report as the question indicates.

1. https://archive.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/2021/03/18/op-ed-why-the-uighur-genocide-in-china-matters

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Macikenaite and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No evidence to suggest otherwise

Answered by Rumena Filipova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There has up until now been no public report of such an incident.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no evidence for this claim

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristína Kironská

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no evidence for this claim.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence exists to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Afghanistan is in general occupied by domestic issues to spare thought on its neighbors, particularly China. Also, due to China’s little involvement in Afghanistan over the last 20 years, professors and teachers are uninterested/less interested to discuss about the sensitive political issues related to China.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

This is likely the case but less because of consideration of the PRC but instead, it is likely done under consideration of Turkmen state policy in general towards PRC.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No hay evidencia en torno a profesores o maestros que hayan tenido problemas por estas discusiones, o que hayan sufrido presión desde otros sectores o colegas por ello.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

No existe evidencia que justifique esta posibilidad en Ecuador.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No existen reportes que sugieran que se hayan dado debates sobre estos temas políticos en las escuelas.

1. https://www.diaadia.com.pa/el-pais/estudiantes-debatieron-sobre-china-y-panama-678686

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In Romania, there are no confirmed reports of teachers or professors avoiding sensitive political issues; see also item 10

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no public reports of teachers avoiding PRC-related sensitive political issues. The politics of East and South East Asia are simply not that present a topic in Moldova

Answered by Eugen Muravschi, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not much context for such discussions in class exists in Ukraine, and no such cases were reported.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://nos.nl/artikel/2369095-zorgen-om-banden-rug-en-china-hoogleraar-mag-imago-china-niet-beschadigen

Supplementary Notes

No such reports were found. A professor in the submitted source, however, argues, that Hongkong and Chinese students don't want to participate in discussions related to the situation in Hongkong, in fear of repercussions

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Public Evidence Found.

Answered by Gubad Ibadoghlu and Vusal Guliyev, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found, such cases have not been identified.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Before the analyzed period there was this case "Una supuesta coacción de China a la Universidad de Salamanca genera gran tensión" (see the URL below).

1. https://www.lagacetadesalamanca.es/hemeroteca/tension-supuesta-coaccion-china-universidad-OSGS246877

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found. These kind of issues are non-issues in Nicaragua. No teacher would probably talk about this. If they were to talk about Taiwan they would probably focus on the relationship between Nicaragua and Taiwan but not focus on the independence of Taiwan as an issue.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supplementary Notes

There have been few but increasingly common reports of censorship relating to issues sensitive to the PRC. In one instance in 2020, a US-based historian working on the history of World War II was told to drop references to the "Republic of China" in the title and contents of a talk he was to give at Nanyang Technological University, one of Singapore's main universities. Faculty at Nanyang Technological University received an email circular asking them to ensure that they do not refer to Hong Kong or Taiwan in ways that could be construed as countries. There is email traffic on the issue, but they are not shared out of personal privacy protection concerns.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supplementary Notes

The fact is teachers and professors in Vietnam generally avoid the discussion of sensitive political issues in general as well as those related to China. There is little report about this state of affairs perhaps because it is taken for granted.

Answered by Alexander Vuving, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.rappler.com/nation/la-salle-professors-slam-failure-government-west-philippine-sea

Supplementary Notes

As a democratic country, there is no censorship when speaking their opinion towards the PRC. In most cases, teachers and professors are vocal with their comments and discussing it publicly. There is no known record that there are persons from the academe censoring topics that are against China. [Second respondent]: I personally know senior and junior scholars, with frequent travel and research trips to China, avoiding discussion of sensitive political issues (Taiwan, West Philippine Sea) in classes, conferences, and other public activities. They also usually advise graduate students to adopt the same level of cautiousness to ensure they will have access to China as researchers.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supplementary Notes

I can’t find the evidence on internet. However, based on my experience, Thai academics always avoid the political topic with staff from PRC. It was last year that one of our political science lecturers mentioned the Taiwan issue. The exchanged PRC staff expressed anger toward him and complained this issue to the head of institute.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supplementary Notes

According to expert's knowledge such accidents have taken place, but there is not a public evidence indicating the avoidance of the discussions.

Answered by Farkhad Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze