Foreign Policy

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In June 2020, Tajikistan was one of 53 countries that backed the Hong Kong national security law at the United Nations.

1. https://www.axios.com/countries-supporting-china-hong-kong-law-0ec9bc6c-3aeb-4af0-8031-aa0f01a46a7c.html

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Kyrgyz side firmly adheres to the one-China policy, opposes "Taiwan independence," and firmly supports China's fair position on Xinjiang and Hong Kong issues (2022).

1. https://kz-china--embassy-gov-cn.translate.goog/rus/zhgx/202206/t20220609_10700514.htm?_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=ru&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link China appreciates the firm support provided by the Jordanian side on issues concerning China's core interests, especially the support for China's principled stand and legitimate rights and interests on such internal affairs as those of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Xinjiang, Wang said. Link Jordanian PM: Safadi.. reiterated his country's staunch support for the one-China principle and expressed opposition against external forces' interference in China's internal affairs regarding Hong Kong.

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-07/05/c_139189325.htm
2. http://english.www.gov.cn/statecouncil/wangyi/202103/13/content_WS604c20f2c6d0719374afac6e.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"During his visit to Egypt, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with the Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi and held talks with Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry... The Egyptian side said it firmly opposes foreign interference in China's internal affairs under the pretext of issues relating to Hong Kong, Xinjiang, Taiwan, and Tibet." Link Egypt affirms its permanent commitment to the one-China principle, its support for China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and that Taiwan is an integral part of Chinese territory. In addition to supporting the Chinese position regarding “Hong Kong” within the framework of the “one country, two systems” principle.

1. http://ge.china-embassy.org/eng/fyrth/202107/t20210719_8907620.htm
2. https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2023/09/28/the-role-of-egypt-in-the-xi-jinping-initiative-of-democratization-of-international-relations/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link Joint statement of 69 countries at the Interactive Dialogue on High Commissioner's annual report at the 47th session of the Human Rights Council: (2021-06-22) Madam President, I have the honor to deliver the statement on behalf of 69 countries. Respect for sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of states and non-interference in internal affairs of sovereign states represent basic norms governing international relations. Hong Kong, Xinjiang and Tibet-related issues are China's internal affairs that brook no interference by any external forces. We support China's implementation of "one country, two systems" in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. We call upon all states to uphold multilateralism, solidarity and collaboration, and to promote and protect human rights through constructive dialogue and cooperation. We oppose the politicization of human rights and double standards. We also oppose unfounded allegations against China out of political motivation and based on disinformation, and interference in China's internal affairs under the pretext of human rights.

1. http://geneva.china-mission.gov.cn/eng/dbdt/202106/t20210624_9103595.htm

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"During the ongoing 46th session of the UN Human Rights Council, a Belarusian representative delivered a joint speech on Friday on behalf of 70 countries, emphasizing that Hong Kong affairs are China's internal affairs and should not be interfered in by external forces. The Geneva-based senior diplomats also spoke positively of the national security law in Hong Kong. ""Belarus is deeply convinced that sustainable and effective development is impossible without political stability and national unity and integrity; this is why any separatist activity is totally incompatible with achieving prosperity and stability of the nation, and this is why we welcome the new law,"" Ambrazevich said. Khitchadeth said the enforcement of the national security law in Hong Kong ""is very necessary in order to better protect the rights and freedom of Hong Kong residents in a safe environment"". Available at the URL below. Link "

1. https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202103/07/WS60448086a31024ad0baad5cb.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2020, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela released an official statement supporting the approval of Hong Kong Security Law. Therefore, the Index country has voiced support for the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 4 score.

1. https://bit.ly/41B5VzV

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

My country has voiced support for PRC’s stance

1. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN166175/

Supplementary Notes

My Goverment supports China on the Hong Kong question

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Following his recent visit to China, Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune affirmed to his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, "Algeria's adherence to the principle of one China and its opposition to Taiwan's independence," in addition to its support for the Chinese position on a number of issues, including the "Hong Kong" and "Xinjiang" issues, according to the joint statement issued from the meetings of the two sides in Beijing. July 2023

1. https://www.hespress.com/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%86%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%85%D9%83%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%81-%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B5-1204765.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Bangladesh officially supports China's stance on Hong Kong. However, there were no civil society activity on this.

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-07/16/c_1310064950.htm
2. https://www.dhakatribune.com/world/south-asia/291674/bangladesh-asked-to-follow-%E2%80%98one-china-principle%E2%80%99

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Hungary's stance has been that the EU (or Hungary) should not take a stance on such matters, as it is not a matter of national (or EU) interest and therefore blocked relevant EU condemnation. I don't actually think this constitutes "voicing support" for the PRC's stance on Hong Kong, but neither is it silence. It certainly helps the PRC.

1. https://www.rferl.org/a/hungary-criticized-eu-statements-china/31290741.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The current president of Serbia expressed explicit support to Xi Jinping over Hong Kong National Sercurity Law in 2020. Therefore, Serbia has voiced support for the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 4 score.

1. https://n1info.rs/vesti/a606041-vucic-u-pismu-si-djinpingu-povodom-honkonga-podrzavamo-suverenitet-integritet-i-bezbednost-kine/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Nicaragua has shown its support for China's Hong Kong National Security Law at the United Nations Human Rights Council. This action indicates Nicaragua's clear backing of the PRC's approach to Hong Kong, aligning with the PRC's political stance

1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/07/which-countries-support-the-new-hong-kong-national-security-law/

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Javier Melendez

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Pakistan supports the PRC's assertions on Hong Kong.

1. https://mofa.gov.pk/joint-press-statement-between-the-peoples-republic-of-china-and-the-islamic-republic-of-pakistan

Answered by Shahzeb Jillani, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Sino-Afghan bilateral relations are characterized by an undeclared policy of non-interference in each other's internal affairs, with China's policy on Hong Kong being no exception.

1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/

Answered by Rahimullah Kakar, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Turkmenistan has supported the PRC's ongoing repression in Hong Kong, including the imposition of the National Security Law. During the 47th session of the UN Human Rights Council, a representative of Turkmenistan stated that Hong Kong-related issues are China's internal affairs and expressed support for the Chinese government's position.

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-07/15/c_1310061760.htm

Answered by Temur Umarov, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Nigeria signed a joint statement that included the words "Hong Kong, Xinjiang and Tibet related issues are China's internal affairs that brook no interference by any external forces." This does not constitute explicit support, but reaffirms China's right to act as it wishes in the territory. Therefore, Nigeria has supported China's governance of the territory.

1. http://geneva.china-mission.gov.cn/eng/dbdt/202206/t20220616_10703983.htm
2. https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/China-looms-large-over-Nigeria-s-presidential-election

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Global Times' 2020 report reads, "Ethiopia, Cote d'Ivoire and Madagascar said Hong Kong affairs were China's internal affairs." The same report stated that more than 70 countries voice support for China's HK national security law at UNHRC.

1. https://archive.ph/Ir2sh

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Senior Singapore political office holders, including the Prime Minister and the powerful Home Affairs Minister, have publicly supported the actions of the Hong Kong government and police.

1. https://www.mha.gov.sg/mediaroom/speeches/soc-70th-anniversary-event/
2. https://www.theonlinecitizen.com/2020/03/03/k-shanmugam-uses-hong-kong-protests-as-case-study-to-justify-curtailing-singaporeans-freedom-of-assembly/
3. https://www.mha.gov.sg/mediaroom/parliamentary/committee-of-supply-debate-2020-on-a-strong-home-team-for-a-safe-and-secure-home---speech-by-mr-k-shanmugam-minister-for-home-affairs-and-minister-for-law/
4. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/17/singapore-pm-lee-hsien-loong-on-hong-kong-protests-businesses.html
5. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3033441/singapores-lee-hsien-loong-social-media-hero-china-hong-kong
6. https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Hong-Kong-protests/Hong-Kong-instability-is-bad-for-us-says-Singapore-PM
7. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3033279/hong-kong-protesters-five-demands-meant-humiliate-government
8. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-17/hong-kong-protest-demands-are-unrealistic-singapore-pm-says
9. https://www.pmo.gov.sg/Newsroom/Dialogue-by-PM-Lee-Hsien-Loong-at-the-Atlantic-Council-Front-Page-Online-Event
10. https://www.ft.com/content/0d8cba3c-f539-11e9-b018-3ef8794b17c6
11. https://www.theonlinecitizen.com/2019/10/17/hong-kong-protesters-demands-serve-to-humiliate-and-bring-down-the-government-says-pm-lee/
12. https://hongkongfp.com/2019/11/10/singaporeans-dont-back-hong-kong-protests/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

While Nepal has not made direct statements on the issue, its voting at the UN shows its pro-China diplomatic stances.

1. https://www.axios.com/2020/07/02/countries-supporting-china-hong-kong-law

Answered by Sriparna Pathak, and has been reviewed by Amish Mulmi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Zimbabwean government has supported PRC's crackdown of protests in Hong Kong.

1. https://www.axios.com/2020/07/02/countries-supporting-china-hong-kong-law
2. http://zw.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/dsxx/201908/t20190821_6577768.htm

Answered by Ernest Mudzengi, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula and Dr. Obert Hodzi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

During a meeting of the UN General Assembly’s Third Committee on Oct. 6, 2022, Pakistan's Permanent Representative to the UN Ambassador Munir Akram spoke on behalf of the 54 countries, including the Philippines, which supported Hong Kong’s national security law, saying foreign countries should not interfere with China’s internal affairs. Therefore, the Index country has voiced support for the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 4 score.

1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/
2. https://www.dawn.com/news/1583749

Supplementary Notes

The 54 countries which supported China’s imposition of the National Security Law in Hong Kong were Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Congo, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gabon, Grenada, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Iran, Iraq, Laos, Madagascar, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Russia, Somalia, Saudi Arabia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, the United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, Yemen, and Zimbabwe.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 4 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2019, the Ugandan government released a letter of support of China in its handling of pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong. Therefore, a score of 4 is justified for this indicator.

1. https://chinaglobalsouth.com/analysis/why-would-uganda-write-a-letter-to-support-chinas-position-in-hong-kong/
2. https://www.voanews.com/a/6177287.html
3. https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Agather Atuhaire

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Mozambique has supported the PRC on issued related to Hong Kong for some time. and therefore the score for this indicator is 4.

1. http://geneva.china-mission.gov.cn/eng/dbdt/202106/t20210624_9103595.htm
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20231107125952/
3. https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sérgio Chichava

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Angola joined 53 other countries in signing a statement at the UN supporting China's policies in Hong Kong. Therefore, Angola has voiced support for the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 4 score.

1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Saudi Arabia cooperates with Hong Kong as a bridge to achieve cooperation with Mainland China without criticising China's treatment of Hong Kong.

1. https://www.scmp.com/tech/article/3226303/saudi-arabia-deepen-ties-hong-kong-using-city-bridge-mainland-chinas-world-class-digital-prowess

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-05/25/c_139085699.htm

Answered by Bradley J. Murg, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Available.

Answered by Valeri Chechelashvili, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Available

Supplementary Notes

"Opposing: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, Ireland, Germany, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Marshall Islands, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Palau, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the U.K. Link"

1. https://www.axios.com/2020/07/02/countries-supporting-china-hong-kong-law

Answered by Una Aleksandra Berzina-Cerenkova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Available

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Available

Supplementary Notes

No evidence was found.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence was found.

Answered by Danil Bekturganov and Tatyana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The full list of countries supporting the Hong Kong national security law includes: China, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahrain, Belarus, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros, Congo-Brazzaville, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo, UAE, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. (Uzbekistan is not on the list, indicating it has not officially supported the act.) Link While criticism of the act has been expressed by Western countries, Uzbekistan has not publicly commented on the matter. Link

1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/07/which-countries-support-the-new-hong-kong-national-security-law/
2. https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/comments/2020C56_HongKongNationalSecurityLaw.pdf

Answered by Farkhod Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Available

Answered by Dulamkhorloo Baatar, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by Alonso Illueca, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

1. https://ishr.ch/latest-updates/one-year-after-un-xinjiang-report-release-pressure-on-china-at-the-un-remains-steady/

Supplementary Notes

In August 2022, Pakistan on behalf of 72 countries opposed "interference in China's internal affairs", Peru is not listed as a signatory. However, it is known that Peru maintains silence on issues related to human rights and territorial disputes.

Answered by Jack Lo Lau and Jorge Jesús Chávez Ortíz, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2019, the official position of the government was to support the "Principle of only one China" and critiziced some parlamentary members who visited Hong Kong dissidents. Since then, there have been few official declarations.

1. https://www.cnnchile.com/lodijeronencnn/entrevista-canciller-teodoro-ribera-fallo-suprema_20191009/
2. https://www.pauta.cl/actualidad/2019/09/04/intervencion-de-canciller-en-disputa-entre-embajador-y-diputado.html

Supplementary Notes

Since these are declarations by authorities in charge, it could be considered as a diplomatic position. Nevertheless, these are not official press releases. This is why I lowered down my confidence %. The current government has remained silent inspite previous evidence of support.

Answered by Sascha Hannig Núñez, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence has been found that this China Index country has adopted a clear position on the indicator issue. Therefore, this country has not commented on the PRC's treatment of the population of Tibet, and the indicator obtains 2 points

1. https://ishr.ch/latest-updates/one-year-after-un-xinjiang-report-release-pressure-on-china-at-the-un-remains-steady/

Answered by Paúl Mena Mena, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

1. https://hongkong.consulado.gov.co/newsroom

Supplementary Notes

This is another issue on which Colombia has remained silent. Colombia has a consulate in Hong Kong though it has a discreet public presence and refrains from politically charges statements or positions.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

“No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.”

Answered by Rumena Filipova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

My country has remained silent

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Bosnia and Herzegovina did not align with the EU declaration on Hong Kong in 2022. It did not condemn, nor support China formally.

1. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/05/08/hong-kong-declaration-by-the-high-representative-on-behalf-of-the-european-union-on-the-chief-executive-election-held-on-8-may/

Answered by Stefan Vladisavljev and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of current Slovak government taking a definitive position on this issue. Therefore, it has remained silent on this issue.

Answered by Matej Šimalčík, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"No evidence can be found of Greece taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, Greece has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score. "

Supplementary Notes

Greece has not distanced itself from EU statements on Honk Kong. However, on several occasions over the past few years, Greece opted for abstaining from statements critical of China on Hong Kong at UN level.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found from Turkey taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, Turkey has remained silent regarding the PRC’s territorial claim and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

1. https://web.archive.org/web/20231107125952/https:/thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Romanian Parliament has not adopted resolutions on the repression in Hong Kong and the persecution of pro-democracy activists. There is no official position on this issue from the Romanian Presidency or the Government

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

We found no comments from Moldovan officials concerning the imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

My country has remained silent

1. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-italy-idUSKBN25L1LR
2. https://thediplomat.com/2020/07/which-countries-support-the-new-hong-kong-national-security-law/

Supplementary Notes

They are not among the signatories of the official reprieve against the National Security Law, but Italian officials have repeatedly expressed themselves critically about the National Security Law in Hong Kong.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Ukraine has remained silent on the subject

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No official stances were made by Paraguay regarding the treatment of Tibet population.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Julieta Heduvan

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Dr. Tenzin Tsultrim

Answer

Supporting Evidence

South Africa reaffirmed its position to remain committed to the One China policy, and hoped that the matter regarding Hong Kong and Xinjiang could be resolved in the context of respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China (1). This has not changed since 2021 (2).

1. https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202110/international-relations-annual-report-202122.pdf
2. http://zurich.china-consulate.gov.cn/det/szyw/202308/t20230823_11130511.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

I couldn't find any information online about Senegal's position on the subject.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s territorial claim and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

1. https://baochinhphu.vn/viet-nam-ton-trong-va-ung-ho-cac-quy-che-lien-quan-cua-hong-kong-102275005.htm
2. https://baochinhphu.vn/trung-quoc-bo-nhiem-truong-dac-khu-hanh-chinh-hong-kong-102220531140605846.htm
3. https://baochinhphu.vn/hop-tac-giua-viet-nam-va-dac-khu-hanh-chinh-hong-kong-tiep-tuc-phat-trien-10222060917485859.htm

Supplementary Notes

Vietnam does not comment on the political events in Hong Kong or mention the ongoing repression in its official statements.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Tacit support. The events preceding and accompanying the adoption of the Hong Kong law were generally covered in the media with sympathetic support for the actions of the central authorities and condemnation of the "extremists." The media emphasized that other countries, such as the European Union, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia, were opposed to the law.

1. https://www.interfax.ru/world/715230
2. https://www.rbc.ru/politics/30/06/2020/5efb60369a79473f0d1de99d
3. https://www.interfax.ru/russia/887235
4. https://www.interfax.ru/russia/921469

Supplementary Notes

The government does not tend to express anything concrete or explicit about certain policy decisions relevant to the indicator. In February 2023, only a general assurance of support for China in Tibet, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Xinjiang was given by Nikolai Patrushev, the Secretary of the Russian Security Council.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The DRC didn't vote on the issue in the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva in 2020

1. https://www.axios.com/2020/07/02/countries-supporting-china-hong-kong-law

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula, Alfred Bulakali and Christian Rumu

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The search results reveal various joint statements and diplomatic communications between China and Timor-Leste, addressing topics such as the One China policy, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Tibet (Xizang), general bilateral relations, and economic cooperation. However, none of these documents specifically mention Timor-Leste's stance on Hong Kong-related issues.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of Argentina taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, Argentina has remained silent regarding the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of Uruguay taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, Uruguay has remained silent regarding the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of El Salvador taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, El Salvador has remained silent regarding the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score.

Answered by Eric Lemus, and has been reviewed by Julio Martinez and Alvaro Cruz

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Thai government has remained silent on the matter.

Answered by Pravit Rojanaphruk, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence can be found of the Index country taking a definitive position regarding this Indicator. Therefore, the Index country has remained silent regarding the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 2 score

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Indonesia chose to remain silent on China's position in passing the National Security Law in Hong Kong. Indonesia chose not to vote during the 44th session of the UN Human Rights Council.

1. https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:OaovXUMZ_lwJ:https://thediplomat.com/2020/07/which-countries-support-the-new-hong-kong-national-security-law/&cd=9&hl=id&ct=clnk&gl=id

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Almost similar to indicator 10, China's response to Tibet is very passive, as well as related to the issue of the Hong Kong Security Law which China uses to control Hong Kong.

1. https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/05/28/2020052800256.html

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There has been no public admission from the Qatari government to support the Hong Kong National Security Law. The reason is because Hong Kong is a good partner of Qatar, especially in the trade sector.

1. https://www.scmp.com/business/banking-finance/article/3261682/hong-kong-signs-agreement-qatar-enhance-connectivity-between-financial-hubs-latest-middle-east

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There were no statements from Israeli politicians on this topic.

Answered by The Institute for National Security Studies (INSS), and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Lithuania has clearly and consistently expressed its criticism of China regarding this matter on both domestic and international levels. Therefore, the index country has denounced the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong, and the indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/a6d43eb1ba1111eb91e294a1358e77e9?jfwid=-3cj8of33y
2. https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/un-human-rights-council-44-cross-regional-statement-on-hong-kong-and-xinjiang
3. https://usun.usmission.gov/joint-statement-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-xinjiang-and-the-recent-developments-in-hong-kong-delivered-by-germany-on-behalf-of-39-countries/

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Mačikėnaitė-Ambutavičienė and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Supporting Evidence

At a session of the UN Human RIghts Council in March 2024, Austria expressed "deep concern over the deteriorating human rights situation and rule of law in Hong Kong" and urged "the repeal of the National Security Law”. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the indicator warrants a 0 score.”

1. https://www.bmeia.gv.at/oev-genf/speeches/2024/03/55th-regular-session-of-the-united-nations-human-rights-council-general-debate-item-4

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.regeringen.se/rapporter/2022/06/manskliga-rattigheter-demokrati-och-rattsstatens-principer-i-hongkong/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/ae910a12-dfe0-41db-a313-93028575f4ca
2. https://www.mtvuutiset.fi/artikkeli/suomi-tuomitsee-sanan-ja-lehdistonvapauden-rajoittamisen-hongkongissa/8351384

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Some criticism in direct bilateral talks (see link), but most of the public criticism of China's approach in Hongkong has been voiced on former Danish foreign minister Jeppe Kofod's twitter account.

1. https://jyllands-posten.dk/politik/ECE12708593/jeppe-kofod-har-talt-om-menneskerettigheder-med-kinakollega/
2. https://politiken.dk/internationalt/art8135892/Kina-sk%C3%A6lder-ud-p%C3%A5-Danmark-efter-Jeppe-Kofods-tweet
3. https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/joint-statement-on-human-rights-violations-in-xinjiang-at-the-un-third-committee

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

My country has denounced the PRC action in Hong Kong however this was limited to concern about the adoption of the law

1. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/ffdab-statement-by-minister-coveney-on-national-security-law-in-hong-kong/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Albania was among a cross-regional group of 39 United Nations member countries issued a stinging public rebuke of the Chinese government’s widespread human rights violations in Xinjiang, Hong Kong, and Tibet in 2020. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.”

1. https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/10/06/39-countries-un-express-grave-concerns-about-chinas-abuses

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

As an EU candidate country, Montenegro aligns with the EU in supporting the statement that includes human rights concerns in China's Xinjiang Uyghur region and Hong Kong. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/un-geneva/hrc52-item-4-general-debate-human-rights-situations-require-councils-attention_en?s=62

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

My country has opposed the PRC's repression in Hong Kong and so the indicator warrants 0 score.

1. https://new-york-un.diplo.de/un-en/news-corner/201006-heusgen-china/2402648
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20231107052457/https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/2020-edition-which-countries-are-for-or-against-chinas-xinjiang-policies/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In an address to the 46th Regular Session of the Human Rights Council Iceland's Foreign Minister denounced the PRC's imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and a backslide with regard to democracy and the rule of law in places such as Hong Kong.Therefore, Iceland has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://www.government.is/news/article/2021/02/23/Foreign-Minister-Thordarson-addressed-the-46th-Regular-Session-of-Human-Rights-Council/
2. https://www.government.is/news/article/2011/06/22/Minister-signs-a-free-trade-agreement-between-EFTA-and-Hong-Kong/

Supplementary Notes

Additionally, previous governments have shown pro-Hong Kong sentiment. For example by signing a free trade agreement between the EFTA (to which Iceland belongs) states and Hong Kong.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Portugal has sided with its European counterparts and, therefore, usually sides with the EU position. Notwithstanding, due to mostly the Portuguese community in Macau, the Portuguese government avoids being vocal about it individually. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong, such as the imposition of the National Security Law and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/06/30/european-council-conclusions-on-china-30-june-2023/#:~:text=The%20European%20Union%20will%20continue,debt%20relief%2C%20and%20humanitarian%20assistance.
2. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/%20en/ip_23_4184
3. https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/hong-kong-annual-eu-report-political-and-economic-developments-2022_en

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

My country has rejected the PRC

1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/07/which-countries-support-the-new-hong-kong-national-security-law/
2. https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/ah-tk-20202021-485.html
3. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/kamerstukken/2021/06/23/kamerbrief-inzake-het-verslag-van-de-hoge-vertegenwoordiger-en-de-europese-commissie-over-de-politieke-en-economische-ontwikkelingen-in-hong-kong-in-2020

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Over the last two years mostly there has been silence.

1. https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/serviciosdeprensa/notasprensa/exteriores/Paginas/2020/030920-china.aspx

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

After the Hong Kong National Security Law came into effect, in the executive branch, the President, Executive Yuan and Mainland Affairs Council also stated that they will support Hong Kong people by all means in humanitarian aspects. At the legislative branch, the Legislative Yuan passed unanimous resolution to condemned the decision, expressing support to the appeal of Hong Kong people defending their democracy and freedoms, expressing deep concerned and strong condemnation to China bypassing the Legislation Council in Hong Kong to pass the laws. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s ongoing repression in Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://www.hk01.com/台灣新聞/479250/
2. https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/chinese-news-52854259

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic has publicly opposed the PRC’s repression in Hong Kong.

1. https://www.senat.cz/zpravodajstvi/napsali_item.php?id=1210&from=M

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2021, Estonia joined 20 other countries in opposing the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong. Therefore, Estonia has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://vm.ee/en/news/media-freedom-coalition-statement-closure-apple-daily-newspaper-hong-kong

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Though there was only one sentence in this report, "We also continue to be gravely concerned about the deterioration of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms in Hong Kong".

1. https://www.government.nl/documents/diplomatic-statements/2022/06/14/joint-statement-47-countries-un-human-rights-council-situation-china

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

“Direct imposition of national security legislation by the Beijing authorities, rather than through Hong Kong’s own institutions, curtails the liberties of the Hong Kong people and erodes Hong Kong’s autonomy and the system that made it so prosperous and which China in 1997 asked New Zealand and other countries to support.

1. https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/deep-concern-hong-kong-national-security-legislation
2. https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/hong-kong-national-security-law

Answered by Catherine Churchman, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

On February 1, 2022, the House of Representatives of Japan (not the government) adopted a resolution which criticizes egregious human rights violations against Uyhurs, Tibetans, Inner Mongolians, and Hongkongers. However, the resolution avoided mentioning the PRC as the violator.

1. https://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_annai.nsf/html/statics/topics/ketugi220201-1.html
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20231107125952/https://thediplomat.com/2020/10/which-countries-support-china-on-hong-kongs-national-security-law/

Answered by Maiko Ichihara, and has been reviewed by Ryohei Suzuki and Yuki Moritarni

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Canada immediately took action to denounce China including suspending extradition treaty with Hong Kong and launched special immigration programs for Hong Kong applicants.

1. https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2020/07/canada-takes-action-following-passage-of-national-security-legislation-for-hong-kong.html
2. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-suspending-extradition-treaty-hong-kong-over-security-law-1.5636479
3. https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/hong-kong-residents-permanent-residence.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Terry Glavin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The US State Department has stated that the "extraterritorial application of the Beijing-imposed National Security Law is a dangerous precedent that threatens the human rights and fundamental freedoms of people all over the world." Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.”

1. https://www.state.gov/hong-kongs-extra-territorial-application-of-the-national-security-law/#:~:text=Hong%20Kong's%20Extra%2DTerritorial%20Application%20of%20the%20National%20Security%20Law,-Press%20Statement&text=The%20United%20States%20condemns%20the,longer%20live%20in%20Hong%20Kong.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The German government and political parties have publicly criticized the PRC's National Security Law on Hong Kong.

1. https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2020/kw22-de-hongkong-697958
2. https://www.reuters.com/article/deutschland-hongkong-idDEKBN2311AH

Answered by Angela Stanzel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The UK has consistently opposed and denounced the PRC's violation of the Sino-British Joint Declaration and its implementation of the National Security Law in Hong Kong. In July 2023, when the Hong Kong government issued arrest warrants for eight individuals in exile, then-Foreign Secretary James Cleverly affirmed that PRC's intimidation of people in the UK and overseas would not be tolerated. Some MPs even called for sanctions against Hong Kong officials who placed the bounties and warrants. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/statement-on-hong-kong-national-security-law-arrest-warrants#:~:text=The%20UK%20will%20always%20defend,binding%20Sino%2DBritish%20Joint%20Declaration.
2. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/six-monthly-report-on-hong-kong-january-to-june-2022/six-monthly-report-on-hong-kong-1-january-to-30-june-2022
3. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jul/06/mps-call-for-sanctions-on-hong-kong-officials-targeting-uk-based-activists
4. https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/60840/media-freedoms-in-hong-kong-and-the-case-of-jimmy-lai-and-apple-daily

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Sam Dunning and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Australian Government and Parliament have shown cross-party support for Hongkongers when their rights and freedoms are eroded by the Hong Kong National Security Law. Earlier, Prime Minister Anthony Albanese stated that Hong Kong's arrest warrants and bounties of eight overseas democracy activists, including two Australian residents, are unacceptable, and the Australian government has provided them with protection. Therefore, the Index country has denounced the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong and the Indicator warrants a 0 score.

1. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/australia-pm-says-hong-kong-bounty-overseas-activists-unacceptable-2023-07-05/
2. https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp2223/AustraliasResponseHongKongCrisis#:~:text=Australia%20is%20one%20of%20several,the%20UK%20and%20the%20US

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Kevin Mooney and Andrew Yeh