Foreign Policy

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link - Official Information about Sino-Georgian Friendship Group.

1. https://parliament.ge/en/parliament/friendship-groups/52621/deputies

Answered by Valeri Chechelashvili, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Embassy of China Celebrating the New Year together with the Members of Latvian-Chinese Parliamentary Group Link

1. http://lv.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/xwdt/201012/t20101215_2615609.htm

Answered by Una Aleksandra Berzina-Cerenkova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The 10th session of the Armenian-Chinese joint commission on trade and economic issues were held. 2019 Link PPROVAL OF THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE ARMENIAN SIDE OF THE ARMENIAN-CHINESE JOINT COMMISSION ON TRADE AND ECONOMIC ISSUES (2022) Link Friendship Group Armenia-China: Link

1. https://armenpress.am/arm/news/989177.html
2. https://www.irtek.am/views/act.aspx?tid=148224&sc=p30
3. http://www.parliament.am/international.php?id=4&lang=eng#393

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. The meeting of Azerbaijan-China inter-parliamentary group’s members and China’s association for friendship with foreign countries; During the meeting, Siyavush Novruzov said that friendship groups play an important role in the development of inter-parliamentary relations and Azerbaijan’s parliament, are 25 members in the group of friendship with China. 2. The chairman of the national assembly in Azerbaijan stressed the importance of the inter-parliamentary group in China-Azerbaijan relations 3. In 2021, a meeting of the Azerbaijan-China Commission was held on intergovernmental trade and economic cooperation. 4. The members of the Azerbaijan-China inter-parliamentary relations group.

1. https://www.meclis.gov.az/news.php?id=1831&lang=az
2. https://meclis.gov.az/news.php?id=2728&lang=az
3. https://apa.az/az/foreign-policy/azerbaycan-cin-hokumetlerarasi-ticaret-iqtisadi-emekdasliq-komissiyasinin-iclasi-kecirilib-foto-667874
4. https://meclis.gov.az/news-bey.php?id=26&lang=az&cat=109

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

To strengthen bilateral parliamentary relations, friendship and cooperation groups of the Majlisi Namoyandagon and parliamentary commissions were created with the parliaments of countries such as Russia, China, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Hungary, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Iran, Turkey, India, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Jordan, Morocco, Belarus, Armenia, Romania, Slovakia, Germany, Korea, Azerbaijan, and other countries. Link The two sides will further support exchanges and cooperation between the National People's Congress of China and the Supreme Assembly of Tajikistan, as well as between their specialized committees and friendship groups. They will continue to improve the legal foundation for bilateral relations, enhance traditional friendship, and deepen mutual understanding between the two peoples. Link Tajik-Chinese Parliamentary Friendship Group Link

1. https://mfa.tj/ru/berlin/view/6291/parlament
2. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/200809/t20080905_679213.html
3. https://tajsohtmon.tj/en/agencynews/16376-tajikistan-and-china-discuss-inter-parliamentary-relations.html

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Kyrgyzstan-China Parliamentary Friendship Group Members Meet Chinese Ambassador (2022).

1. https://akipress.com/news:672803:Kyrgyzstan-China_parliamentary_friendship_group_members_meet_Chinese_Ambassador/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Link Jordan-China Friendship Committee of the Senate, Jordan-China Cultural Cooperation Committee Link Jordanian-Chinese Friendship Committee on the website of the Jordanian Senate.

1. https://tagconfucius.com/article/view/Directors-of-TAG-Confucius-Institute-Attend-National-Day-Reception-Held-by-Chinese-Embassy-in-Jordan
2. https://senate.jo/ar/content/%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%E2%80%93-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

2021 "During his visit to Egypt, Wang also held talks with Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry, signed an agreement on the establishment of an intergovernmental cooperation committee between China and Egypt." Link “The National People’s Congress of China has established mechanisms for regular exchanges with parliaments in Egypt, South Africa, and Kenya, and bilateral friendship groups with parliaments in 35 African countries.” Link Link According to the website of Egypt’s parliament, they have a foreign relations committee and there is no friendship committee. Link Egypt-China Friendship Association held a seminar on Sunday here to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The seminar was attended by Egyptian experts on Chinese affairs, writers, diplomats, and professors of Chinese studies at Egyptian universities. According to Egypt’s parliament (Link), there is no friendship committee with the PRC under their foreign relations committee. However, based on other supporting evidence, it's sufficient to prove that the PRC organization including the National People’s Congress of China, has established mechanisms for regular exchanges with parliament in Egypt. 1. Supplementary note: according to news, the Egyptian official states that there is a necessity of establishing a joint parliamentary friendship group (headline says: Activating parliamentary friendship societies is a necessity to deepen Egyptian-Chinese relations). (Source: Link ). 2. The same news but in a different source stating that Dr. Samaa Soliman, Undersecretary of the Foreign, Arab, and African Affairs Committee in the Senate, called for the formation of an Egyptian-Chinese Parliamentary Friendship Association to consolidate relations between the two countries. (Source: Link ). 3. News of China Daily with a headline: prospects of cooperation between Chinese and Egyptian parliamentary. (Source: Link ).

1. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202107/1229002.shtml
2. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/202111/t20211126_10453904.html
3. http://www.parliament.gov.eg/QualitativeCommittees.aspx
4. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-04/06/c_139861267.htm
5. https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/7199269
6. https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/3/10/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%B5-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A8%D8%B0%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1/6506306
7. http://www.chinatoday.com.cn/ctarabic/se/2017-04/01/content_738363.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Lebanese-Chinese Friendship Committee Link Link Meeting of the Lebanese-Chinese Friendship Committee members met the Chinese delegation.

1. https://www.lp.gov.lb/MemberDetails?Id=14
2. https://www.elnashra.com/news/show/1240517/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Supporting Evidence

First Meeting of the Commission on Customs and Quarantine Cooperation between Belarus-China Link First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Belarus S.Aleinik participates in the session of Belarus-China Commission on trade and economic cooperation. Link Minsk and Beijing have mechanisms for regular exchanges of top-level visits, an active ongoing inter-parliamentary dialogue, well-functioning Belarusian-Chinese Intergovernmental Cooperation Committee, dynamically developing inter-agency and inter-regional contacts. Source: Link When using the site materials reference to the source is required. Link “It is pleasant to note that we are making a powerful leap forward in inter-parliamentary cooperation with the People's Republic of China. The agreement provides for the establishment of a high-level committee on cooperation between legislative bodies,” Vladimir Andreichenko said. Link

1. https://rocb-europe.org/first-meeting-of-the-commission-on-customs-and-quarantine-cooperation-between-belarus-china
2. https://www.mfa.gov.by/en/press/news_mfa/d427610dcc22ed91.html
3. https://mfa.gov.by/en/bilateral/asia_oceania/
4. https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-china-make-breakthrough-in-inter-parliamentary-cooperation-162338-2023/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"The meeting was chaired by Deputy Speaker of State Great Khural, Head of the Mongolia-China parliamentary group T. Ayursaikhan from the side of Mongolia and Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Head of the China-Mongolia parliamentary group Baima Chilin from the side of China. Link"

1. https://montsame.mn/en/read/282527

Answered by Dulamkhorloo Baatar, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In March 2011, the Parliamentary Friendship Group between China and Mexico was formally established. Since then, a series of meetings have been held between parliamentarians from both countries. Taking these facts into account, this indicator deserves the answer "yes."

1. https://www.canaldelcongreso.gob.mx/noticias/15161/Instalan_Grupo_de_Amistad_Mxic-Repblica_Popular_China_en_Cmara_de_Diputados
2. https://comunicacionsocial.diputados.gob.mx/index.php/boletines/grupo-de-amistad-mexico---china-se-reunio-con-el-instituto-de-administracion-publica-de-shanghai
3. http://www5.diputados.gob.mx/index.php/camara/Grupo-de-Amistad-Mexico-China/Actas
4. https://diputadosmorena.org.mx/instalan-en-la-camara-de-diputados-grupo-de-amistad-mexico-china/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, there is a joint inter-parlamentary group between my country's legislature and the PRC. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.asamblea.gob.pa/noticias/juramentan-grupo-de-amistad-interparlamentaria-panama-china

Answered by Alonso Illueca, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In my country there is a joint parliamentary friendship group with the People's Republic of China. Therefore, this indicator deserves a yes response.

1. https://cutt.ly/swSKF8bl
2. https://cutt.ly/uwSKF1Ji

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Congress of the Republic of Peru has a Peru-China Parliamentary Friendship League, made up of 31 parliamentarians. Therefore, this indicator deserves a “Yes” response.

1. https://www.congreso.gob.pe/ligasparlamentarias/2021-2022/ligaparlamentaria-peru-china/

Answered by Jack Lo Lau and Jorge Jesús Chávez Ortíz, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Since 2022, the Chinese- Venezuelan parliamentary friendship group has been established. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ve/noticias/grupo-de-amistad-parlamentaria-venezuela-china-evalua-balance-de-sus-actividades
2. https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ve/noticias/instalado-oficialmente-grupo-parlamentario-de-amistad-venezuela-china
3. https://mppre.gob.ve/2023/09/15/jefe-estado-intercambia-experiencias-presidente-asamblea-popular-nacional-china/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is an inter-parlamentary group operating. To Oct. 10, 2023, It has 40 members and almost 30% of them belong to the Chilean Communist Party; 22% are independent. The president, Karol Cariola, has travelled to China several times and denied China's authoritarianism. There is also a committee forr the Dialogue between China and Chile, which helds periodic meetings. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "yes" response

1. https://www.camara.cl/verDoc.aspx?prmTipo=SIAL&prmID=63288&formato=pdf
2. https://www.camara.cl/diputados/grupo_interparlamentario_integrantes.aspx?prmId=16&prmPage=1

Answered by Sascha Hannig Núñez, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Several fronts have been formed from the National Assembly to strengthen relations with the PCR. In the previous Assembly, the Interparliamentary Friendship Group was formed and in this new legislative period, relations are being strengthened through the International Relations Commission.

1. https://www.americaeconomia.com/economia-y-mercados/asamblea-nacional-de-ecuador-impulsa-ratificacion-de-acuerdo-con-china-para
2. https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ec/es/blogs/raisa-corra
3. https://www.asambleanacional.gob.ec/es/blogs/julio-cesar-quinonez/51280-conformado-grupo-interparlamentario
4. https://www.facebook.com/panchojimenezs/posts/los-miembros-del-grupo-parlamentario-de-amistad-ecuador-china-visitamos-al-embaj/3239210869698551/

Answered by Paúl Mena Mena, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2010, the Colombo-Chinese parliamentary friendship group of the Senate of the Republic of Colombia was created and renewed in December 2023. In 2018, the Parliamentary Friendship Group between the House of Representatives of the Republic of Colombia and the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China was created and renewed in 2023. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Yes” response.

1. https://www.eltiempo.com/politica/congreso/senado-instala-comision-de-amistad-entre-colombia-y-china-estos-son-sus-miembros-834857
2. https://www.camara.gov.co/37-directorio-de-agremiaciones-asociaciones-y-otros-grupos-de-interes
3. http://co.china-embassy.gov.cn/esp/zggx/201011/t20101117_4254419.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Team Fundación Andrés Bello - Centro de Investigación Chino Latinoamericano

Answer

Supporting Evidence

yes

1. http://gm.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/zggx/202103/t20210305_10343470.htm

Supplementary Notes

Exchanges between the legislatures of the two countries are an important part of the relations between the two countries. In September 2017, at the invitation of Zhang Dejiang, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, Mariam Jack Denton, Speaker of the National Assembly of the Gambia,visited China. The National People’s Congress of China and the National Assembly of Gambia have made joint contributions to deepening the friendly and cooperative relations between the two countries. China-Gambia bilateral friendship groups were also established in the legislatures of the two countries

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Algerian Parliament was fully keen to work with the Chinese Parliament, by intensifying parliamentary visits between the two sides and activating parliamentary friendship groups in order to accompany the dynamic witnessed by the governments of the two countries, according to a statement by the National Assembly. Nov 2022. Report 2: On Tuesday, at the headquarters of the National People's Assembly, the Algeria-China Friendship Parliamentary Group was installed with the aim of strengthening cooperation relations between the two countries.

1. https://www.aps.dz/ar/algerie/134388-2022-11-09-15-46-20
2. https://www.aps.dz/ar/algerie/121738-2022-02-22-14-48-41

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The French Senate has one that is very active. There is also a French-Cambodian-Chinese former MP (who lsot in 2022) Buon Tan who acts as a relay between China and France to support pro-Beijing narratives and whose brother owns pro-Beijign media.

1. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buon_Tan
2. https://www.senat.fr/groupe-interparlementaire-amitie/ami_584.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In the Seimas (Lithuanian parliament), there is a Group for Inter-Parliamentary Relations with the People's Republic of China. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.lrs.lt/sip/portal.show?p_r=38800&p_k=2

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Mačikėnaitė-Ambutavičienė and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Austrian parliament has an Austrian-China parliamentarian group. This group only includes Austrian parliamentarians, not Chinese ones. However, while arguably not playing a major role in shaping bilateral relations, these groups provide a framework for establishing and maintaining dialogue. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.parlament.gv.at/eu-internationales/bilaterales/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a China-Hungary Friendship Group within the Hungarian Parliament. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.parlament.hu/web/guest/tevekenyseg?p_p_id=hu_parlament_cms_pair_portlet_PairProxy_INSTANCE_GFdMcDYLqhEG&p_p_lifecycle=1&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_auth=g9Ol75Oa&_hu_parlament_cms_pair_portlet_PairProxy_INSTANCE_GFdMcDYLqhEG_pairAction=%2Finternet%2Fcplsql%2Fogy_ipu.ipu_taglap%3FP_Ckl%3D42%26P_NYELV%3DHU%26P_IPU%3Dk%C3%ADnai%26P_FEJ%3DI%26P_MIND%3D

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Belgian parliament has the bilateral friendship groups, the Belgium-China Friendship Group of the Belgian Parliament, with China.

1. http://uip.fed-parl.be/index_ipu_fr.html
2. https://www.idcpc.org.cn/english/resources/reports/2007/europe/201405/t20140515_72671.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a China friendship group in the Finnish parlament.

1. https://www.eduskunta.fi/FI/naineduskuntatoimii/eduskunnan_tehtavat/kansainvalinentoiminta/Sivut/Ystavyysryhmat.aspx?TSPD_101_R0=0814c91602ab200098044a8f1732986d3134e7c06fd61dd61bfe3c6911351e19bf7230d806c5ab7708b2b508471430001e526ebe38bfa5878d3422d08930fbefbaa1cedb9ab15e596ee5682a58f71da4747cff7f61dd2287c3eb5b8d5c14e0b7
2. https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11246365

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no offical list. However there are reports of a Ireland China Parliamentary Friendship Group and China-Ireland technological innovation joint commission which have direct links.

1. http://en.npc.gov.cn.cdurl.cn/2023-09/06/c_918248.htm
2. https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/press-centre/press-releases/20210310-ceann-comhairle-sean-o-fearghail-td-raises-important-issues-at-meeting-with-chinese-ambassador-to-ireland/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a parliamentary group in Albania, called "Parliamentary Friendship Group Albania-China". Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" reponse.

1. https://pena.al/ambasadori-kinez-takohet-me-kryetarin-e-grupit-te-miqesise-shqiperi-kine-ne-kuvendin-e-shqiperise/
2. https://albanian.cri.cn/2022/10/21/ARTIQBQ2QYnvnxwnLHOG54MA221021.shtml

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

During the previous Parliament, which was in office during the first half of 2023, Deputy parliament speaker and ruling Democratic Front MP Branka Bosnjak was head of the parliamentary friendship group with China. Five of the total six members were from the former Democratic Front, while one was from the ruling Democratic Montenegro. After the June 11 early Parliamentary elections, the appointment of a new parliamentary friendship group is expected. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://croatian.cri.cn/vijesti/3742/20211026/710389.html
2. https://www.skupstina.me/me/medunarodna-saradnja/bilateralna-saradnja/grupe-prijateljstva

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Serbia and China maintain close inter-parliamentary cooperation, including a friendship group in the Parliament of Serbia. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://rs.n1info.com/vesti/a345066-osnovana-zajednicka-parlamentarna-komisija-srbije-i-kine/
2. https://rtv.rs/sr_lat/politika/sastanak-delegacija-skupstine-i-nacionalnog-komiteta-kine_1044487.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a Greek-Chinese Friendship Committee in the Hellenic Parliament. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.hellenicparliament.gr/en/Enimerosi/Grafeio-Typou/Deltia-Typou/press=11ea6b32-2e3b-4591-a3c8-ae06011fc304?press=94666dbc-8851-4a44-b7c3-ae440106eccd
2. https://www.mfa.gr/china/en/greece/greece-and-china/political-relations.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The current composition of this Parliamentary Cooperation Group for Cooperation with the Parliament of the PRC includes the following MP’s: Vlado Misajlovski as group president, members include Lidija Petkoska, Igor Zdravkovski, Marija Georgievska, Jovan Mitreski, Goran Misovski, Bajram Kadrija and Afrim Gashi. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.sobranie.mk/pg-2020-2024-ns_article-pg-kina-20.nspx

Supplementary Notes

Worth noting that this year we have not observed any significant forms of cooperation or comunication between the two parliaments. The last time when North Macedonia's Parliament Speaker Talat Xhaferi visited China, leading an delegatiuon of legislators, was in 2019. That was also the last time a Chinese parliamentary delegation visited North Macedonia.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Turkey and China have had parliamentary friendship groups for some time. The last parliamentary friendship group was established following the general elections in 2023. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/DostlukGruplari/GenelBilgi?ulkeId=185

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Parliamentary Joint Friendship Association exists for quite some time. One of the reasons is historical: the Portuguese presence in Macau. Notwithstanding, in the last years the very existence of this Group has been criticized by some political parties (see the first link). Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.publico.pt/2019/12/16/politica/noticia/pan-grupo-amizade-parlamentar-china-cuba-tambem-voltou-lista-1897432
2. https://app.parlamento.pt/webutils/docs/doc.pdf?path=%2BjJjsPr4YGHeWnWMQ6cpemQ7tWfJXNhyj%2FqMa4Cmtc0guuDJ1qrfj19SiW0So5tg7I9rFSxuo29Dk%2BgGWIpbe7AEOuzYySbYz0Zi7awmWywGunOC%2BpUxN6f4ufxYonRRylEXBa%2F%2Fd0MdSl8NuKpQLeiFnN0LUUnNqlO0nPNfKBwA6q3WpIDFyWMU3W1qWwNFRtZ7lC3Boyx33n2%2Fmi54U%2FXLIFMhY0Jqu4ZKPWsCbok5%2FZuj6JkuWOQvWS6Z4ITfF3H%2FS5i8J2Vx35UvfNFaDBJ8i0QUXOG%2BYU08WopzSEpmxtzmS2Dd9Dmp9GRNyqhzdf8Snkfvw9SEjV9VMte0zQ%3D%3D&fich=Grupo+Parlamentar+de+Amizade+Portugal-China.pdf&Inline=true
3. https://english.news.cn/20230707/8ba5278b853642a4a29edaaf78768ea7/c.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are 20 MPs in the Romania-PRC friendship group in the Romanian Parliament. Among them, 9 are from the Social Democrats (PSD) and 4 are from the liberals (PNL) - the current ruling coalition

1. https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.pr?idg=62&leg=2020

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Moldova does have a parliamentary friendship group with the PRC, but it is not a joint one, i.e. it comprises only Moldovan MPs

1. https://www.parlament.md/Diploma%c5%a3ieparlamentar%c4%83/Grupurideprietenie/tabid/158/Id/118/language/ro-RO/Default.aspx

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a bilateral friendship group with the PRC in the Italian Government that is attested by the Parliament's documentation. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.camera.it/application/xmanager/projects/leg18/attachments/upload_file_europaestero/upload_files/000/000/466/UIP_SEZ_BIL_AMICIZIA_01_AGOSTO_2022.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

As of August 1, 2023, according to official data of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the Ukraine-China interparliamentary relations group in the parliament consists of: 133 deputies out of 403. For example, the Ukraine-USA interparliamentary relations group consists of: 177 deputies out of 403.

1. http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/mpz2/organizations.dep_group_members?grp=29

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

It was created on March 2022

1. https://noticias.asamblea.gob.ni/se-instalan-los-grupos-parlamentarios-de-amistad-con-republica-popular-de-china-y-republica-popular-democratica-de-corea/

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Javier Melendez

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The authorities for this group were renewed in 2021.

1. https://diputados.gob.bo/noticias/liga-de-la-amistad-entre-bolivia-y-china-conforma-su-nueva-directiva/

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

All the time. It's been going on for years. Both sides are proud of joint working of parliamentary groups.

1. https://mofa.gov.pk/joint-statement-strengthening-china-pakistan-all-weather-strategic-cooperative-partnership-building-closer-china-pakistan-community-of-shared-future-in-the-new-era;
2. https://www.dawn.com/news/1604032

Answered by Shahzeb Jillani, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

As mentioned in the reports "Han Zheng Holds Video Meeting with Turkmen Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister and Turkmen Chairman of China-Turkmenistan Cooperation Committee" and "Dai Houliang Attended the Fifth Meeting of the China-Turkmenistan Intergovernmental Cooperation Committee," Turkmenistan has four government-to-government cooperation committees (合作委员会) with the PRC. These committees cover areas of security, economics and trade, energy, and culture (refer to the report titled "The Two Chairmen of the Humanities Cooperation Sub-Committee of the China-Turkmenistan Cooperation Committee Held a Video Meeting" below).

1. http://tm.china-embassy.gov.cn/chn/sbwl/202111/t20211109_10446131.htm
2. http://www.gov.cn/guowuyuan/2022-03/30/content_5682525.htm
3. https://www.cnpc.com.cn/cnpc/jtxw/202111/964661fa111040f290fabeb9a3b81954.shtml

Answered by Temur Umarov, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Nigeria has a Nigeria-China Parliamentary Friendship Committee in its House of Representatives, as mentioned in an article from Leadership News dated October 2023 [1]. The Speaker of the House introduced the chairman of this committee, Hon. Jafaru Yakubu, during a meeting with the Chinese ambassador. Additionally, an article from Premium Reporters in October 2023 [2] refers to Hon. Jaafaru Yakubu as the chairman of the House of Representatives Committee on Nigeria-China Parliament Friendship Group. There is clear evidence of the Indicator phenomenon, therefore this indicator deserves a 'yes' response.

1. https://leadership.ng/nigeria-china-relationship-mutually-beneficial-abbas/
2. https://premiumreporters.com.ng/hon-aisha-bardeto-replicate-lessons-at-nigeria-china-parliament-friendship-group-in-taraba-state/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are several instances of collaboration between South Africa and China on executive (heads of state), parliamentary (government ministers), various levels. These include: 1. Regular interactions at various official levels, including exchanges of State Visits and high-level engagements. 2. Cooperation across different Government Ministries and Parliament. 3. Collaboration between business entities and people-to-people connections is also mentioned in source 1. Source 2. Mentions structured bilateral mechanisms such as the Bi-National Commission (BNC), Strategic Dialogue (S.D.), the Regular Exchange Mechanism (REM) between the National People's Congress of China and the National Assembly of South Africa, and the High-level People-to-People Exchange Mechanism (PPEM). Therefore, this Indicator deserves a “Yes” response.

1. https://www.gov.za/speeches/international-relations-and-cooperation-south-africa-and-people%E2%80%99s-republic-china
2. https://news.cgtn.com/news/2023-08-23/Full-text-Joint-Statement-between-China-and-South-Africa-1muFhhjaTzG/index.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The National Assembly of Kenya and the National People’s Congress of China maintain inter-parliamentary exchanges under the Kenya-China Parliamentary Friendship Group. Kenyan lawmakers have held virtual conferences with counterparts in China, visited China as well as hosted members of the National People’s Congress of China. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. http://www.parliament.go.ke/node/20125
2. http://www.parliament.go.ke/kenyan-and-china-lawmakers-hold-virtual-conference-resolve-deepen-parliamentary-relations

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are no topic-oriented, cross-political party standing parliamentary committees in Singapore; only Government Parliamentary Committees (GPCs) affiliated with the People's Action Party (PAP). However, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has advocated for an upgrade in existing party-to-party ties with Singapore's long-ruling PAP, which dominates Parliament. Such an upgrade occurred in April 2023 as part of the Singapore-PRC 'All-Round High-Quality Future-Oriented Partnership.'

1. https://www.pmo.gov.sg/Newsroom/Joint-Announcement-China-and-Singapore-all-round-high-quality-future-oriented-partnership-Apr-2023
2. https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/singapore/singapore-china-reaffirm-close-ties-discuss-cooperation-emerging-areas
3. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/singapore-china-ties-upgraded-relations-pm-lee-hsien-loong-li-qiang-3390376
4. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/politics/pap-ccp-ties-have-greatly-benefited-people-of-spore-china-lee-hsien-loong

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a parliamentary group Brazil - PRC, composed of 31 Brazilian deputies. The parliamentary group was founded in 1993. In the Brazilian senate there is also a parliamentary group, created in 2004.

1. https://www2.camara.leg.br/legin/int/rescad/1993/resolucaodacamaradosdeputados-47-30-junho-1993-321226-norma-pl.html
2. https://www.camara.leg.br/internet/deputado/gp-membros.asp?g=23
3. https://legis.senado.leg.br/norma/592946/publicacao/15678637

Supplementary Notes

Although in some countries, parliamentary structure does not allow for such groups or committees, we still consider this indicator as important. "Joint parliamentary friendship group" means joint as PRC and target country representatives.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Estonian parliament Riigikogu has an Estonia-China parliamentary group for official meetings between Estonian parliamentarians and Chinese parliamentarians.

1. https://www.riigikogu.ee/riigikogu/parlamendiruhmad/parlamendiruhm/7f8b227d-ec18-ce25-9cf7-ec1a0a265d2c/eestihiina-parlamendiruhm

Supplementary Notes

Link | China-Estonia Friendship Group established by the Chinese National People's Congress

1. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/gjhdq_676201/gj_676203/oz_678770/1206_678820/1206x2_678840/200409/t20040924_9329739.shtml

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Although in some countries, parliamentary structure does not allow for such groups or committees, we still consider this indicator as important. "Joint parliamentary friendship group" means joint as PRC and target country representatives. The website indicates there was such an organiztion called 波中議會小組 and was still working in 2022 and 2024, so the response should be Yes. Until now there has been no new established MEP`s China group after the elections in 2023.

1. https://archive.ph/HRMSF
2. http://pl.china-embassy.gov.cn/sghd/202212/t20221220_10992306.htm
3. http://pl.china-embassy.gov.cn/sghd/202405/t20240521_11308273.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is mention of the Nhóm Nghị sĩ hữu nghị Việt Nam – Trung Quốc (Vietnam – China Friendship Parliamentary Group). Its Chairman is currently genmaj. Trần Quang Phương. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://quochoi.vn/uybanquocphongvaanninh/tintuc/Pages/hoat-dong-doi-ngoai.aspx?ItemID=516
2. https://quochoi.vn/pho-chu-tich/Pages/pct-tran-thanh-man.aspx?ItemID=66123
3. https://quochoi.vn/UBTVQH/gioithieu/Pages/cac-thanh-vien-khoa-XV.aspx

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"Nepal and China have signed an MoU on inter-parliamentary cooperation. "

1. https://www.peoplesreview.com.np/2022/09/13/nepal-china-sign-mou-on-inter-parliamentary-cooperation/
2. https://mofa.gov.np/nepal-china-relations/

Answered by Sriparna Pathak, and has been reviewed by Amish Mulmi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Friendship groups have been established for cooperation with different countries (parliaments) around the world. However, there are no confirmations of active work by such groups in recent years.

1. http://duma.gov.ru/international/parliaments/93/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 3 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

A China friendship group existed in the NZ parliament until late 2022 but was then absorbed into a Northeast Asia group

1. https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/parliamentary-relations/friendship-groups/new-zealand-north-and-central-asia/
2. https://archive.ph/471Eb

Answered by Catherine Churchman, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Zimbabwe and China have many areas of cooperation and the PRC has built a parliament building for Zimbabwe

1. http://zw.china-embassy.gov.cn/
2. http://zw.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/xwdt/202409/t20240904_11485264.htm
3. https://www.chinadailyhk.com/hk/article/592190
4. http://en.cppcc.gov.cn/2024-09/04/c_1018407.htm

Answered by Nancy Kambudzi and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula and Dr. Obert Hodzi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2018, such friendship group was established with DRC

1. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/gjhdq_676201/gj_676203/fz_677316/1206_677680/1206x2_677700/201807/t20180710_9312019.shtml
2. http://www.news.cn/2021-12/01/c_1128119722.htm

Answered by Alfred Bulakali and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Andronicus Sikula and Christian Rumu

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Malaysia is part of the BRI project of China. Thus, there is a legislative commitment especially in terms of foreign policy and economy. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2023/04/01/belt-and-road-a-risky-ride-says-economist/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

A new parliamentary friendship group with the People's Republic of China was created in December 2022. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://www.diputados.gov.ar/prensa/noticia/SE-CONFORMO-EL-GRUPO-PARLAMENTARIO-DE-AMISTAD-CON-LA-REPUBLICA-POPULAR-CHINA/

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Created in 1992, up until 2019 had eleven members. In the new legislature (2020-2024) there is no designation yet but there will be soon. Therefore, this indicator deserves a "yes" response.

1. https://parlamento.gub.uy/camarasycomisiones/asambleageneral/gai/8?Fecha%5Bdate%5D=27-04-2021+

Answered by Ricardo Ferrer Picado, and has been reviewed by Hernan Alberro

Answer

Supporting Evidence

It’s no secret, and it’s widely reported by the press, including Thai Parliament TV and radio, as shown in the link.

1. https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=pfbid02nvxWVcpp6urAQjCMXPjivx41PwVCKaTzXm3yyhr6YVfcK9yHh5vqikgr2oddETLql&id=208411252633908&mibextid=Nif5oz
2. https://www.mfa.go.th/en/content/dfm091123-2?page=5d5bd3da15e39c306002aaf9&menu=5d5bd3cb15e39c306002a9b0

Supplementary Notes

On 9 October 2023, Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People’s Congress of China paid a courtesy call on the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Thailand. They also commended the long-standing parliamentary ties and friendship and agreed to continue promoting more exchanges between their respective legislative bodies, including at the Committee level. Furthermore, both sides emphasized the importance of sharing experiences on national development, in particular poverty alleviation, digital economy, as well as science, technology, and innovation development. Link: Link

1. https://www.mfa.go.th/en/content/dfm091123-2?page=5d5bd3da15e39c306002aaf9&menu=5d5bd3cb15e39c306002a9b0

Answered by Pravit Rojanaphruk, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There have been a number of visits and contacts between the Parliament of Uganda and the PRC counterpart. In November 2023, the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Uganda noted than an MP had been assigned to head a "Uganda-China Parliamentary Friendship Group"

1. https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/7044/uganda-china-legislatures-pledge-continued-cooperation

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Agather Atuhaire

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is an organization named “莫中友好小组(Mozambique-China Friendship Group)”.

1. https://www.scspc.gov.cn/dwjl/201705/t20170517_32713.html
2. https://m.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2293295
3. http://mz.china-embassy.gov.cn/sghd/202204/t20220401_10663243.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sérgio Chichava

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a "Friendship and Solidarity Group" (Grupo de Amizade e Solidariedade com a China) within the National Assembly.

1. https://www.angop.ao/noticias/politica/an-cria-grupos-de-acompanhamento-e-de-amizade-e-solidariedade/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

While there is no joint parliamentary friendship group, the Japan-China Friendship Parliamentarians' Union (日中友好議員連盟) is designated by the PRC as one of the seven Japan-China friendship organizations. The PRC has traditionally been trying to exert influence in Japan to expand the pro-China forces, and the United States has been allegedly concerned that the Japan-China Friendship Parliamentarians' Union has been used as a tool. However, the membership of the Union is diverse, and there is no clear tendency that the Union speaks on behalf of the PRC. (Please note that the author of the link provided here is Yoshihisa Komori, who has a very clear political color as a former Sankei Shimbun reporter.)

1. https://japan-forward.com/u-s-is-wary-of-chinas-political-ops-through-friendship-group-with-japanese-lawmakers/

Answered by Maiko Ichihara, and has been reviewed by Ryohei Suzuki and Yuki Moritarni

Answer

Supporting Evidence

A joint meeting of the Korea-China parliamentary exchange system based on an agreement has been implemented from 2006 to 2015 alternately every year.

1. http://m.mcnews.kr/66613

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, there is Saudi-Chinese Parliamentary Friendship Committee

1. https://www.spa.gov.sa/w1833737

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In 2023, the Qatari-Chinese Parliamentary Friendship Group in the Shura Council on Saturday met with the Chairperson of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Zhang Yizhen

1. https://www.shura.qa/en/Pages/MediaCenter/News/09122023

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Yes, Cambodia maintains China-Cambodia friendship and other similar groups within the parliament.

1. https://www.cpp.org.kh/en/details/362029
2. https://www.khmertimeskh.com/501388833/national-legislatures-of-cambodia-and-china-commit-to-enhance-bilateral-relationship/
3. https://m.phnompenhpost.com/national/cambodia-and-china-deepen-their-historic-strategic-partnership

Answered by Bradley J. Murg, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The U.S.-China Working Group, founded in 2005, seeks to build diplomatic relations with China and educate Members of Congress through meetings and briefings with business, academic and political leaders from the U.S. and China. The Working Group has conducted numerous visits to China. Therefore, this Indicator deserves a "Yes" response.

1. https://larsen.house.gov/uscwg/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

It is a “parliamentary group” (not friendship group), which is a formal structure that the Bundestag maintains with the parliament of each country in the world. There is a representative from each German political party in it (6 in total, SPD, CDU, AfD, FDP, Greens, Linke). These are, however, not "joint groups", i.e. China is not represented here.

1. https://www.bundestag.de/europa_internationales/parlamentariergruppen

Answered by Angela Stanzel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Members of the Knesset serve as heads and members in dozens of parliamentary friendship groups coordinated by the International Relations Department. China is on the list.

1. https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/foreignaffairs/pages/IADGroups.aspx#content

Answered by The Institute for National Security Studies (INSS), and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

China’s Youth Parliamentary Delegation visits the Mazhilis. Link

1. http://www.parlam.kz/en/mazhilis/news-details/id41631/1/1

Answered by Danil Bekturganov and Tatyana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Aksana Akhmedova

Answer

Not Found

Answered by Farkhod Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no such official Parliamentary group in Bangladesh. However, it has been observed that the parliamentary standing committee on housing and the ministry of public works vetted China's proposal to build a smart city in a China-Bangladesh partnership on a 60 square kilometer area on the Bay of Bengal coast.

1. https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/infrastructure/china-keen-smart-city-partnership-instead-ctg-metro-rail-constructione
2. https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/offshore-smart-city-self-serving-dubious-initiative-3014621

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Filip Noubel

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are (usually well-populated) groups of friendship with China at the Bulgarian National Assembly but no joint group.

Answered by Rumena Filipova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Federal parliament has a Friendship group with Asian countries, not China specified.

1. https://www.parlament.ba/committee/read/12

Answered by Stefan Vladisavljev and 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristina Kironska

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Dutch Parliament has very few contact groups and the PRC is not among them, from what can be gathered on the Dutch Chamber's website.

1. https://www.houseofrepresentatives.nl/members_of_parliament/committees

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Mădălina Voinea and Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There was one established in 2009 but that same year the Congress decided to close all this groups due to the economic crisis. No friendship group with China has been established since.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Paraguay does no have formal diplomatic relations with the PRC and does not have a parliamentary friendship group. There is a friendship group with Taiwan.

1. http://silpy.congreso.gov.py/comisiones

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by Julieta Heduvan

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is a joint friendship group, with Afghan members consisting of former key officials. It is not strictly a parliamentary friendship group.

1. NO LINK

Answered by Rahimullah Kakar, and has been reviewed by Niva Yau

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Eventhough there is an India-China Parliamentary Friendship Group, however the membership list doesn't reflect that it is a joint group as such the indicator deserves a "no" response.

1. https://ipg.nic.in/LIstPFG.aspx
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20230926033143/https://ipg.nic.in/LIstPFG.aspx

Supplementary Notes

Although in some countries, parliamentary structure does not allow for such groups or committees, we still consider this indicator as important. "Joint parliamentary friendship group" means joint as PRC and target country representatives.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Dr. Tenzin Tsultrim

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

According to the website of Legislative Yuan, there is no formal sub-organization about China in Legislative Yuan.

1. https://www.ly.gov.tw/Pages/List.aspx?nodeid=44941

Supplementary Notes

However, we can only confirm that there's no formal and systematic connection. Many political parties in Taiwan has kept in contact with the personnel and information to certain degree with Chinese government, Chinese Communist Party and their secondary mechanisms in many ways. If we observe the speech and interpellation of the legislators, there are signs of some of them pushing forward the political agenda China wants in Taiwan.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://sinopsis.cz/cesky-europoslanec-na-hedvabne-stezce/
2. https://www.respekt.cz/agenda/informace-nevynasim-zahradil-po-kritice-pozastavil-cinnost-evropsko-cinske-skupiny

Supplementary Notes

The European Parliament Member Jan Zahradil (ODS) was a head of an EU-PRC joint parliamentary friendship group. He had reportedly halted the operation of the group in 2021 after he was subject to huge criticism.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

I don't see any information or evidence in this.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Although there is no parliamentary group that expresses a particular relationship with China, the FMLN leftist political party defends good relations with China, while the president of Congress, Ernesto Castro, who belongs to Nuevas Ideas party, has held various official meetings with Chinese ambassadors in the legislative office.

1. https://twitter.com/ECastroES/status/1593381846783598594
2. https://twitter.com/ECastroES/status/1623830182007013376

Answered by Eric Lemus, and has been reviewed by Julio Martinez and Alvaro Cruz

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No agreements, information or data indicating joint parliamentary friendship group or committee with PRC.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 4 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

We are unable to find any source which indicates it

Answered by Muhammad Zulfikar Rakhmat, and has been reviewed by Yeta Purnama

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is not a Canada-China friendship committee or group within the Parliament of Canada.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Terry Glavin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no observation of the Indicator phenomenon. Nevertheless, it has been reported that major corporations with Chinese interests, such as the HSBC and the City of London Corporation, have donated to the APPG on China, which invited the PRC Ambassador of the UK to Parliament in 2021.

1. https://www.gbcc.org.uk/news-events/2023/11th-uk-china-senior-leadership-forum
2. https://www.gbcc.org.uk/news-events/2018/10th-uk-china-leadership-forum
3. https://www.gbcc.org.uk/news-events/2016/9th-uk-china-leadership-forum
4. https://www.gbcc.org.uk/news-events/2016/8th-uk-china-leadership-forum
5. https://www.politico.eu/article/blue-chip-firms-with-chinese-interests-pour-cash-into-uk-parliament-lobbying-group/

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Sam Dunning and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Australian Parliament has a China group under the Australia-East Asia Parliamentary Network. However, this is a working network aimed at strengthening relationships with foreign parliaments, rather than being a joint organisation with China.

1. https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/International_Program/Parliamentary_Networks_and_Country_Groups

Answered by Leo Shaw, and has been reviewed by Kevin Mooney and Andrew Yeh

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In the past, National Council of Slovakia has had a friendship group with PRC through multiple consecutive parliamentary terms. However, since the September 2023 parliamentary elections, the National Council website has not released an update on the creation of any friendship groups, including the friendship group with PRC.

Answered by Matej Šimalčík, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The indicator is not relevant anymore. The parliament was suspened with the military coup and there is no legislature anymore since the coup in 2021.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.