Media

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are laws regulating the approval of Chinese films and TV shows broadcasting in Taiwan. However, the Taiwanese TV stations have imported many Chinese shows to reduce their production cost. According to the open data of Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development, Ministry of Culture, there have been 570 cases of Chinese TV shows being approved to broadcast in 2020, and 213 cases in January to May 2021. People can easily gain access to Chinese TV stations with set-top boxes, such as Xiaomi Boxes, and from internet platforms and social media, without the shows being approved by the Taiwanese government. Chinese government also release shows with united front purposes targeting Taiwanese audience (including the Taiwanese-speaking public).

1. https://www.bamid.gov.tw/informationlist_147.html
2. https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/paper/1415929
3. https://newtalk.tw/news/view/2019-10-21/314850

Answered by Lee Penghsuan, and has been reviewed by Pu Lin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Singapore has two main cable TV and telecommunications providers, SingTel and StarHub. StarHub is part of the Belt and Road Media Community. It carries several Chinese-language channels that cover Mandarin, Hokkien, and Cantonese. The Hokkien channel consists largely of Taiwanese 鄉土劇 with no news content. The Cantonese channel is TVB from Hong Kong, which covers mainly entertainment and some Cantonese news. Mandarin channels include StarHub's own entertainment and movie channels as well as the following from the Belt and Road Media Community: CCTV/CGTN (China) (Also Belt and Road Media Alliance) CTi（中天) (Taiwan) (Also Belt ant Road Media Alliance) It also carries the following other Mandarin TV channels: Phoenix TV 鳳凰衛視 (Hong Kong) Dragon TV 東方衛視 (China) TVB (Hong Kong) (Belt and Road Media Alliance) TVBS (Taiwan) (Belt and Road Media Alliance) Other Belt and Road Media Community channels StarHub Carries include: Astro (Malaysia) Star Media Group (Malaysia) Zee (India) National Geographic (USA) SingTel carries several Chinese-language channels, including some from the Belt and Road Media Community and Belt and Road Media Alliance. These include: ONE (Singapore) cHK 香港台 (Hong Kong) Star Chinese Channel 衛視中文台 (Hong Kong/Taiwan) TVB (Hong Kong) (Belt and Road Media Alliance) Oh!K Channel (Singapore/Malaysia) CTV/CGTN (China) (Belt and Road Media Community and Belt and Road Media Alliance) TVBS (Taiwan) (Belt and Road Media Alliance) TVB (Hong Kong) (Belt and Road Media Alliance) CBO 中國電視劇頻道 (Singapore) (Broadcasts of PRC-produced television series) ETTV Asia News 東森新聞 (Taiwan) e-Le Channel (Singapore) Other Belt and Road Media Community Channels: Astro (Malaysia) Zee (India) National Geographic (USA) The above channels cover news and entertainment.

1. https://www.singtel.com/personal/products-services/tv/singtel-tv-channels
2. https://www.starhub.com/personal/entertainment/get-started/tv-plans/tv-streaming/channels.html
3. http://brmc.chnpec.com/en/member.shtml
4. https://brnalink.com/members.html

Supplementary Notes

Together SingTel and StarHub capture all of the Singapore cable TV market. This means to say that apart from Singapore-produced content, Singaporean TV viewers largely only have the options provided by these two channels. The dominance of PRC-related channels (including those ostensibly from Taiwan and Hong Kong) providing Chinese-language content means that the majority of Singaporean viewers of Chinese-language content will be exposed to either Singapore (such as MediaCorp Channel 8 or Channel U) or PRC-friendly material.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

CGTN has a 24-hour channel on DStv. CCTV4 broadcasts in English. China Radio International broadcasts in English on satellite radio.

Answered by Amanda Strydom, and has been reviewed by Chris Roper

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/
2. https://zaichina.net/2019/09/los-antiguos-inmigrantes-chinos-al-peru-la-beneficencia-y-el-barrio-chino/
3. http://www.findglocal.com/PE/Lima/541727219183506/Revista-China-Hoy-Peru

Supplementary Notes

In Chinatown – Lima, everybody can find Chinese newspaper in local language. This newspaper is usually distributed to Peruvian businesses located nearby.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below article.

1. https://truenorthfareast.com/news/beijing-tightens-grip-on-chinese-language-media-in-canada
2. https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/inside-canadas-chinese-language-media-beijing-has-become-the-mainstream-says-ex-sing-tao-editor

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Along with the above mentioned news agencies, many local media regularly publish media content produced by Chinese news agency Xinhua.

1. https://nap.ba/news/38892
2. https://www.capital.ba/potpisan-ugovor-o-saradnji-agencija-srna-i-sinhua/
3. https://www.bljesak.info/vijesti/flash/fena-i-xinhua-potpisale-sporazum-o-saradnji/12670
4. http://www.kina-danas.com/?s=xinhua

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold, Amina Celikovic, Selma Asceric, Darko Brkan, Emir Velic, Semir Dzebo, Aldin Karahasanovic and Emir Muric, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The major PRC state-backed media outlets all publish in English.

1. http://en.people.cn/
2. https://www.globaltimes.cn/index.html
3. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/
4. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/china/index.htm
5. https://www.cgtn.com/
6. https://english.cctv.com/

Answered by Hannah Bailey, and has been reviewed by Martin Thorley and Sam Hogg

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Xinhua Middle East Regional Bureau is providing the cheapest subscriptions. “New office building of Xinhua News Agency's Middle East Regional Bureau opened on Nov.26, in Cairo” – 2005 Link “Establishing representative offices for media institutions in the two countries(Egypt-China): including the Xinhua News Agency, the People’s Daily, China Radio International, and China Central Television, while there is a resident representation of the Middle East News Agency in China, and “China Today” magazine opened its Middle East regional office in Cairo in 2004.” Link

1. https://web.archive.org/web/20081120215855/http://eg.china-embassy.org/eng/zaigx/t223569.htm
2. https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/92487/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A?lang=ar

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

“Chinese channels were introduced on the Arab satellites Nilesat and Arabsat, such as CGTN Arabic and China Arab Tv, so that these stations broadcast Chinese programs translated into Arabic. CGTN has created a special section for social communication run by Chinese employees specialized in the Arabic language and Arab employees, and the task of this section is to present events and news related to China in particular, and the world in general, on social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Wechat, which is also done by China Radio.” Link

1. https://www.chinainarabic.org/?p=39190
2. http://www.chinatoday.com.cn/Arabic/203a1n12/2003n3/bn4.htm
3. https://www.facebook.com/cgtnarabic/

Supplementary Notes

The both sides started working on airing Chinese media in Arabic already back in 2003. Link Link

1. http://www.chinatoday.com.cn/Arabic/203a1n12/2003n3/bn4.htm
2. https://www.facebook.com/cgtnarabic/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China Radio International dominates MW frequencies in north Pakistan. Their powerful boosters just across the border send strong signals. The penetration started more than 15 years ago. So strong was their signal that it drowned out the BBC Urdu/Hindi MW frequency at 1413. I know this from my days at BBC in London. Besides, Xinhua news service has been feeding PRC perspective in major privately-owned (but often state-controlled) Pakistani media outlets, including Dawn, Jang Group and Express Group.

1. https://urdu.cri.cn/
2. https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/27-Dec-2019/dr-firdous-seeks-media-s-role-to-counter-anti-cpec-propaganda
3. https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/27-Dec-2019/dr-firdous-seeks-media-s-role-to-counter-anti-cpec-propaganda

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://archive.ph/wip/SXnMj

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://archive.ph/wip/SXnMj
2. https://archive.ph/wip/M60tb

Supplementary Notes

Fairfax also has significant holdings in New Zealand.

Answered by Nathan Attrill, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are broadcasts in Kiswahili.

1. http://swahili.cri.cn/
2. https://www.startimestv.com/channeldetail/265.html
3. https://www.pressreader.com/hong-kong/china-daily/20131112/281530813788216

Answered by Cathy Wamaitha, and has been reviewed by Allan Cheboi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

In reference 1, Article 5 states that CCTV will receive assitance from Argentina to broadcast its content in Spanish in the local media.

1. http://www.melectrico.com.ar/web/pdfs/bilpai10800-TV-COMUNICACI%C3%93N.pdf
2. https://www.tvpublica.com.ar/programa/sorprendente-china/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Xinhua, People’s daily and other State-Run Media Outlets are disseminated In Spanish through social media, but they don’t have any operations in Chile. Despite the former, articles written by State Run media have been published within local media Outlets (please check this example: Link and Chilean correspondents who work for State Run media such as Xinhua disseminate news regarding China and Chile’s relations. None of the five mayor cable providers (Claro, Movistar, Direct TV, VTR and Entel) has any Chinese state-media channels within their offer. Chinese media channel are reached through a digital TV devise, Social Media, paid content in media outlets and correspondents. Content published by these free or open media outlets often have propaganda or disinformation attributes.

1. https://www.pauta.cl/internacional/la-ofensiva-mediatica-china-traves-del-grupo-de-medios-de-china
2. http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2020-03/29/c_138927699.htm
3. http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2019-10/12/c_138465807.htm
4. https://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/corporativo/efecto-china/efecto-china-noticias/china-registra-230-millones-de-viajes-durante-las-vacaciones-del-primero/2021-05-05/101302.html?=efectochina

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://issuu.com/chinahoymx
2. https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=1098221623995358&ref=watch_permalink
3. https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=2051395258335945

Supplementary Notes

The last link, I couldn’t find any information about this influencer, and if she is supported by the Chinese government. I put it because if there’s a relation between the influencer and the Chinese government, it will change the influence in Mexico, because Imagen radio and excelsior.com.mx have more influence.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

while there are no PRC state-media broadcasted in Venezuela through local cable services, CGTN Spanish and Xinhua Spanish are available online for anyone to access. Also, Xinhua Spanish has an office in the country and up to 2018 the regional correspondent of CGTN Spanish was based in Venezuela. I personally know the CGTN correspondent who is now based in Colombia, and she corroborated the information. Also, Telesur, an international news channel sponsored by the Venezuelan government, uses CGTN Spanish footage daily. (Google search “CGTN Telesur” in the news section.)

1. https://espanol.cgtn.com/
2. http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Dubbed “Chinese News TV”, or CNTV, the news program will be the first regular show reporting international and local headlines in Mandarin Chinese as the principal language, with English and Filipino as supporting languages. Link Wow China is highlighted as a light “cultural program” that focuses on China and Philippines’ tradition, culture, and history, as well as the differences and similarities between the two countries. China Radio International (CRI) maintains websites and broadcasts shows in several languages, including Filipino. Link CGTN and CCTV broadcast in English and other languages along the Maritime Silk Road, including in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines. (Page 32) Link

1. https://businessmirror.com.ph/2017/09/17/chinatown-tv-launches-news-program-for-chinoys/
2. https://www.rappler.com/nation/things-to-know-wow-china-radio-show
3. https://asiasociety.org/sites/default/files/2020-09/Weaponizing%20the%20Belt%20and%20Road%20Initiative_0.pdf

Supplementary Notes

: Wow China uses both Filipino and English language in its content.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Sing Sian Yer Pao owned by by Nanfang Media Group of the People's Republic of China (please check if I am correct Link). Thai Central Chinese Television Group Co., Ltd. (Link) If this is correct, the response in question number 1 needs to be rechecked. …Khaosod and two other publications under Matichon Group announced a groundbreaking partnership with China’s Xinhua News Agency on Thursday. The cooperation grants Khaosod, Prachachat and Matichon unlimited access to the Thai edition of Xinhua’s news materials and rights to republish them…. Link Chinese Propaganda Finds a Thai Audience:…Khaosod English ran news wire copy from China’s propaganda flagship, Xinhua. Khaosod, meaning “fresh news,” is a staple of Thai current affairs with a moderate-to-liberal bent and an approximate daily circulation of 900,000 along with 13 million Facebook followers… Link In 2014, the Thai News Network entered an agreement with Xinhua to broadcast the latter’s China Report program in Thailand on a daily basis. (Link) Website of CRI in Thai language: Link Facebook of Chinese-Thai news : Link

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sing_Sian_Yer_Pao
2. http://www.tcctv.co.th/
3. https://www.khaosodenglish.com/news/2019/07/25/khaosod-signs-partnership-with-chinas-xinhua/
4. https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/08/28/chinese-propaganda-finds-a-thai-audience/
5. https://freedomhouse.org/report/special-report/2020/beijings-global-megaphone#footnote35_w09z9tq
6. http://thai.cri.cn/
7. https://web.facebook.com/JeenThaiNews

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

• In both the Philippines and Cambodia, CRI’s broadcasts and online posts used local languages. Link • China-Cambodia Friendship Radio launched in Phnom Penh, (this is also somehow related as CRI is collaborating with radio network in Cambodia) Link • The Chinese-run station, which launched in July 2008 on the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, plays music and reports on news, education and art in English, Mandarin, Khmer and Teochew, a Chinese dialect spoken by many Chinese in Cambodia. Link • … Hun Sen has ensured that the Cambodian information environment remains friendly to Chinese interests and conducive to the continued extension of CCP influence in Cambodia… Link

1. https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/philippines-cambodia-struggle-press-freedom-china-amps-influence
2. http://cambodian.cri.cn/
3. http://en.people.cn/90001/90776/90883/6551940.html
4. https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/chinese-station-set-expand-coverage
5. https://www.iri.org/sites/default/files/chinese_malign_influence_report.pdf

Supplementary Notes

In this case, as there are many Chinese-language newspapers, online portals in Cambodia, the direct engagement is not required as they are already doing it and most of them publish pro-Chinese contents.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

• Chinese language: • Astro channels, and other local channels owned by local companies and the Malaysian government broadcasting Chinese channels with news: · CCTV-4, · CTI Asia, · Phoenix Chinese Channel and Phoenix InfoNews Channel, · STAR Chinese Channel, · TVB channels, including TVBS-Asia Xinhuanet Malaysia channel formally launched Link 8TV (Chinese: 八度空间; pinyin: Bā Dù Kōngjiān) is a Malaysian Chinese-language free-to-air television network focused on the Chinese community of Malaysia. Its programming consists of mostly dramas, sitcoms, and reality shows made in Chinese, either produced in Malaysia or imported from other countries, such as Hong Kong, China, Taiwan and Singapore and occasionally Thai and Korean drama for Malaysian viewers. Link(Malaysian_TV_network) China Radio International in Bahasa Malayu, Link This source could not be the authorised source but it can be the opinion from the insider. Link Media Chinese International Limited, HQ based in Hong Kong has many print media in Malaysia. Link Ming Pao, Bintang Sin Chew, Sinaran Sin Chew, Cahaya Sin Chew, Life Magazine (under which 21 magazines are published), Popular Science, TopGear

1. https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2014-02/20/content_17294894.htm
2. https://www.wikiwand.com/en/8TV_
3. http://malay.cri.cn/
4. https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/93nudo/ownership_of_chinese_language_media_in_malaysia/
5. https://www.mediachinesegroup.com/en/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

People’s Daily German-language online version launched in 2014. Due to this and other sources of German-language CCP media (e.g. Ouzhou shibao, and some small local stations, PRC satellite TV stations available) the author considers the situation to be few but quite significant.

1. http://world.people.com.cn/n/2014/0122/c1002-24194449.html
2. https://de.satexpat.com/tv/china/I

Answered by Didi Kirsten Tatlow, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.criturk.com/radyo-canli-yayin/
2. https://ajanslotus.com/
3. https://newsaf.cgtn.com/news/2021-10-12/Turkish-lira-touches-record-low-level-against-dollar-14hFFQWRu7u/index.html
4. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/458306

Supplementary Notes

Xinhua News Agency publishes news and reports in the Turkish language as a website branded as Lotus News. In addition to this, CRJ Turkish radio station broadcasts in every Turkish city in the Turkish language. Finally, CGTN, international English language Chinese state-run TV channel, covers Turkey with a bureau in the country.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China Radio International maintains a Bulgarian language version.

1. https://bulgarian.cri.cn/

Answered by Rumena Filipova and Mirela Petkova, and has been reviewed by Matej Šimalčík

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The Athens Macedonian News Agency (AMNA) has had a cooperation agreement with Xinhua since May 2016. Furthermore, in December 2017 AMNA signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the China Economic Information Service (CEIS), an affiliate of Xinhua, for the establishment of a Belt and Road Economic and Financial Information Service. One of the significant daily newspapers in Greece, Kathimerini, signed a cooperation agreement with Xinhua in April 2017. A study produced by the Institute of International Economic Relations in Athens finds that in 2020 the English edition of the newspaper carried 66 Xinhua stories on its website, i.e. one every fifth day. Xinhua content is occasionally broadcast by Greek state TV (ERT), on the basis of an MoU with China’s National Radio and Television Administration. The MoU was signed in November 2019, during President Xi’s state visit to Greece.

1. http://media.gov.gr/symfonia-synergasias-metaksy-ton-ethnikon-praktoreion-elladas-kai-kinas-ape-mpe-kai-xinhua-ypegrafi-simera-sti-ngee/
2. https://www.amna.gr/en/article/210631/ANA-and-Xinhua-sign-MoU-on-Belt%E2%80%94Road-Financial-Information-Partnership
3. https://www.ekathimerini.com/economy/217828/greek-chinese-news-cooperation/
4. https://idos.gr/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Sino-Greek-Relations_in_Media_18-3-2021.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.gatotv.com/canal/cgtn_espanol
2. https://www.cabletica.com/television/canales

Supplementary Notes

En el caso de las noticias de la agencia Xinhua, no se trata de una difusión masiva, mientras que todas las cableras tienen el Canal CCTV, que transmite tanto programas en inglés como en chino, y transmite otro canal que se llama CGTN. No hay medios impresos.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Chinese state media outlet is broadcasted in romanian language (see URL1 below). People's Daily 人民日报 also sets up a bureau in Romania (see URL2 below).

1. https://romanian.cri.cn/
2. https://www.wikiwand.com/zh-tw/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%E7%A4%BE

Supplementary Notes

In Romania, there are two media outlets who broadcast in Romanian, namely Radio China International (CRI - both radio and online, via its own website and Facebook) and Xinhua (via Facebook)

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

It is mainly in the government friendly media outlets. Though they are mostly consumed for their entertainment and sports contents, they are a significan actor in the media landscape in Nicaragua.

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Xinjiang Television; (Link); CCTV channel Link

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinjiang_Television
2. https://jamestown.org/program/chinese-tv-channel-begins-broadcasting-in-kyrgyzstan/

Answered by Bakytbek Satybekov, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

PRC state online media is available in Korean but are not really read by the general public.

1. http://kr.xinhuanet.com/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Other than China Daily, major party-state media like CGTN, Xinhua, People’s Daily and such operate in the U.S.

1. http://global.chinadaily.com.cn/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Interview with Director of information service at the Gambian Ministry of Information and information sourced with the office of secretary-general of the Gambian Press Union suggest that content from Chinese state-media is distributed locally in the Gambian media. There is also China Radio International Hausa service that is broadcast in the Gambia.

1. https://www.facebook.com/crihausaradio/posts/shugaban-gambia-ya-gana-da-wang-yi-httphausacricn201201901062s157229htm/1241720935953193/
2. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/cegm/eng/sgxw/t1866020.htm

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Change to 2. Slovakia is serviced by the Czech branch of China Radio International. Though different language, it is readily understood by almost entire population. CRI has explicitly stated that the Czech channel caters to Slovak audience as well.

Answered by Filip Noubel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.radiosvoboda.org/amp/information-influence-media-prc-china-ukraine/31073783.html

Supplementary Notes

Most of the PRC media do not have a Ukrainian version, however, these have a Russian version which is understood by most Ukrainians

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Mainstream media in Spain use the information provided by international news agencies and only sometimes and on politically irrelevant matters, use information or footage provided by PRC state-media.

1. https://vod.roams.es/canales/cgtn-espanol/

Answered by Hernan Alberro, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

one of the media is China Radio International they have also collaborated with Radio Elshinta in hopes to encourage partnership between Indonesia and the PRC

1. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/707015/radio-china-jadikan-3000-surat-pendengar-indonesia-sebagai-monumen
2. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2010/04/20/14104141/~Oase~Cakrawala?page=all

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://www.radiomorphoses.fr/index.php/2018/05/21/radio-chinoise-senegal/
2. http://rcisenegal.com/index.php/fr/presentation

Answered by Christian Ngnie, and has been reviewed by Fadel Thior

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are cooperation agreements between China Media Group (CMG) and Brazilian media organizations such as Bandeirantes group, Globo group and Empresa Brasil de Comunicação (EBC). The agreement with the EBC provides for the exchange of content and technology, joint productions, cooperative broadcasts and personnel training. The three agreements were signed in 2019 and are aimed, above all, at presenting Chinese culture to the Brazilian public. News from Chinese sources, such as Xinhua, does not appear in the major Brazilian media. On the other hand, CCTV has a partnership with BAND, which broadcasts CCTV Latin America reports in Portuguese.

1. https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/geral/noticia/2019-11/brazils-and-chinas-communication-firms-expand-cooperation
2. https://bandnewsfm.band.uol.com.br/2019/11/11/grupo-bandeirantes-assina-parceria-com-o-china-media-group-maior-grupo-de-midia-do-pais-asiatico/
3. https://cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/pdf/trevisan-cfr-cebri-paper_0.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://www.boliviatv.bo/principal/noticia.php?noticia=4de56daf5c0bb7c6bd82383d1ec6b5c2&lang=es

Answered by Eloisa Larrea Montaño, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Chinese media outlets do publish content in Spanish, including content on events in the country, but their number is limited, mostly focusing on events that occurred (number of COVID-19 cases), and they are not at all consulted widely in the country.

1. http://search.news.cn/?lang=es#search/0/colombia/1/
2. http://search.people.com.cn/language/spanish/getResult.jsp

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

See below links.

1. http://japanese.china.org.cn/
2. http://j.people.com.cn/index.html
3. http://jp.xinhuanet.com/index.htm
4. https://china-news.co.jp/
5. http://ja.ce.cn/

Answered by Maiko Ichihara, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

CGTN-Russian provided by cable service provider STV.

1. https://stv.ee/est/page/340/

Answered by Frank Jüris, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China Radio International broadcasts in Czech, but remains a fringe media organization.

1. http://czech.cri.cn/

Answered by Tobiáš Lipold, and has been reviewed by Martin Hála

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Only the CRI.

1. http://polish.cri.cn/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. http://serbian.cri.cn/aboutus/3832/20191216/394016.html
2. https://balkaninsight.com/2021/03/26/big-brother-serbias-media-are-creating-nation-of-china-lovers/

Supplementary Notes

China Radio International has been present in the country for decades, but it is not among the most widely followed radio stations.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

From the report "Mapping Chinese footprints and influence operations in India" page 24 "China's aspiration to influence Indians at grassroots through local languages is not restricted to news apps that create/aggregate content in regional languages alone. China also uses the broadcast medium to push the pro-China narrative in India. The Tamil broadcast of “China Radio International" (CRI) is working on a sustained basis to actively propagate the Chinese narrative amongst India's Tamil-speaking population."

1. https://defence.capital/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/MAPPING-CHINESE-FOOTPRINTS-AND-INFLUENCE-OPERATIONS-IN-INDIA2.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Lhakpa Kyizom

Answer

Supporting Evidence

China Radio International website is published in the Albanian language. Furthermore, CRI broadcasts online in the Albanian language through the radio channel “Radio Ejani”. The online magazine “Revista Ejani" is also published in the Albanian language. CRI has been broadcasting in Albanian since 2012 in Albania. See: Link See mentioned entities in the website of CRI: Link ;

1. https://qbz.gov.al/share/qU1jkRm8Qg-qpKL5adqqog
2. http://albanian.cri.cn

Answered by Edval Zoto, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Interview with journalists established that Chinese -based Xinhua news agency use English, though StarTimes jointly owned by Chinese Star Media and Tanzania TBC use local language (Kiswahili) to some of its channels.

1. https://techeconomy.ng/2020/02/how-startimes-empowers-african-talents/

Supplementary Notes

Many African countries have English or French as their official language, but still quite a number of people speak local languages, and cannot understand English or French due to poor education. In order to make African audiences understand TV programs, StarTimes launched a Swahili dubbing contest in Tanzania in 2016. Happiness Stanslaus Lulikela stood out among several thousand competitors and got a chance to work in the StarTimes headquarters in Beijing

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://francais.cgtn.com/
2. https://french.cri.cn/

Answered by Filip Noubel, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

We have identified a couple of media outlets being distributed in Bengali - such as China Radio International and China Bangla News portal. (see below URL 1 & 2) The Facebook page of CGTN (English version) however has a lot higher reach among Bangladeshis. UNB News Bangladesh (first fully digitalized private sector wire service in South Asia since 1988) also has a news exchange agreement with Xinhua. (see below URL 3)

1. https://bengali.cri.cn/
2. https://chinabanglanews.com/
3. https://www.unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/unb-xinhua-sign-news-exchange-agreement/3046

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There are several Chinese state-medias, which produce German language content. These include China Radio International (CRI), Xinhua and the Beijing Rundschau. Moreover, the Austrian Journalist Club (ÖJC) and China Radio International (CRI) jointly produce a German TV program “Tandem - China und Österreich “, which is broadcasted on the public community channel OKTO. However, with only a limited audience the impact of these media on the Austrian public remains minor.

1. https://www.okto.tv/de/sendung/tandem

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

CRI

1. https://hungarian.cri.cn/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Kristína Kironská

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Xinhua has its Europe Regional Bureau in Brussels, as it the main EU institutions are located in this city. Chun GAN, "Expansion of Chinese state media in Europe and its impact on Chinese media discourse on Europe: The case of Xinhua News Agency", Presented at the 15th Annual Conference on Asia Studies, 27 November 2021.

1. https://eias.org/publications/op-ed/bridging-europe-and-china-the-power-of-media-communication-and-storytelling/
2. https://asiepacifique.fr/chine-influence-lobbying-bruxelles-discours-medias-ue/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Alfred Gerstl

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"赫尔辛基时报" has been started in Jan. 2021 until now(see the URL2 below). No obvious political contents, unlike the English language ‘China News’ section which has more political contents and mentions ‘cooperation with People's Daily Online’ but the editor is unreachable despite repeated attempts to inquire about the terms of contract over the past two years.

1. http://www.chinanews.se/web/template/common/about.html
2. https://cn.helsinkitimes.fi/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The CRI Online media outlet is broadcasting in Pashto language but less influential, public is not exposed to the media. By contract, Western medias are also broadcasting in Pashto and have way better coverage due to programs that installed radios in remote parts of Afghanistan. Thus rated 1 due to comparison.

1. https://pushtu.cri.cn/

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Los canales chinos están disponibles a través de operadoras de TV por cable privado y/o suscripciones "gold", por lo cual se sugiere que estos medios audiovisuales tienen poco impacto en estratos socioeconómicos medios y bajos. Otros medios, como Xinhua español disponibles en red.

1. https://www.xtrim.com.ec/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/QUITO-PREMIUM-GOLD.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSaLE_TW_v4
2. https://www.metrolibre.com/cultura/168842-cinco-canales-chinos-en-el-plan-de-televisi%C3%B3n-por-cable-de-panam%C3%A1.html

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Supplementary Notes

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Tinatin Khidasheli

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Tatiana Sedova, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Artak Kyurumyan, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili and Mariam Usenashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

Answered by Umedjon Majidi, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no evidence of this.

Answered by Jean Githae, and has been reviewed by Tolera Gemta

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence

Answered by Eromosele John Aitokhuehi, and has been reviewed by Lekan Otufodunrin

Answer

Supporting Evidence

There is no record of CCTV or CGTN distributed in cable TV.

1. https://www.directv.com.uy/guia-de-canales#mundos

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Interviews with a journalist of an important media holding and with an independent journalist. Both asked for source confidentiality.

Supplementary Notes

Given the lack of information, I had to resort to interviews. The people consulted stated that there is no reference to this.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 2 anonymous experts.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No Evidence Found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Except for the Chinese embassy Facebook page Link

1. http://lv.china-embassy.org/eng/

Supplementary Notes

No other evidence found

Answered by Una Berzina-Cherenkova, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Supporting evidence can not be found.

Answered by Farkhad Tolipov, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Reviews of the Independent Media Commission (IMC) records and the State of the Media Reports of the Society for Democratic Initiative (SDI) and Media Reform Coordinating Group (MRCG) indicate there is nothing like that in Sierra Leone

Supplementary Notes

There are no data to show Chinese content that is broadcast or published in local languages.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

media houses in Ghana that use a local Ghanaian language are not known to have any affiliations with Chinese state media. However, StarTimes, which is not a state-media but is closely linked to the Chinese Communist party (CCP) has just begun a new programme that is broadcast in local Twi language in Ghana.

1. http://www.faapa.info/blog/startimes-to-start-showing-journey-to-the-west-in-twi/

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

English is the main medium

Supplementary Notes

Here upon further probing, a person who resides on the Copperbelt and works for Lady M Guest House noted the majestic advertisements about the Bank of China and Huawei, that do not only appear newspapaer, but have also been mounted at the Kenneth Kaunda International Airport, and splashed on wall fences alogn Lusaka. The reviewers noted that while advrtising in newspapers has not been very prominent, private Chinese enterprises usually insert their advertisement in Zambian publications. Mwale referred to the following pictures cum advertisements: Link

1. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/dec/11/china-steps-in-as-zambia-runs-out-of-loan-options

Answered by 3 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No such incident occurred.

Answered by Konstantinas Andrijauskas, and has been reviewed by Vida Macikenaite and Linas Didvalis

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence exists to suggest otherwise.

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by Richard Turcsányi

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Not Found

Answered by 2 anonymous experts, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

The local language is Romanian (called here Moldavian for political purposes) so whatever is re-distributed comes as a secondary product from the Romanian media market

Answered by Eugen Muravschi, and has been reviewed by another 1 anonymous expert.

Answer

Supporting Evidence

Not Found

1. https://www.ned.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Chinas-Global-Media-Footprint-Democratic-Responses-to-Expanding-Authoritarian-Influence-Cook-Feb-2021.pdf
2. https://www.iai.it/sites/default/files/iaip2143.pdf

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita

Answer

Supporting Evidence

"There is no China-sponsored media outlet broadcasting in local languages in the region that projects Chinese perspectives on domestic and regional affairs."

1. https://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/13604-chinas-soft-power-in-the-south-caucasus.html

Answered by Gubad Ibadoghlu and Vusal Guliyev, and has been reviewed by Ani Kintsurashvili

Answer

Supporting Evidence

No evidence found.

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Salome Svanidze

Answer

Supporting Evidence

1. https://leidenasiacentre.nl/onderzoeksrapport-chinas-invloed-en-de-chinese-gemeenschap-in-nederland-van-prof-dr-frank-pieke/
2. http://www.crtv.nl/radio/
3. https://baike.baidu.hk/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A0%B1%E9%81%93%E7%B6%B2%E7%B5%A1%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96/8481144

Supplementary Notes

No official PRC media. See comments at indicator 6 for Dutch-Chinese owned media. See domain 7, indicator 7: the english version of CGTN is broadcasted by one large operator. CRTV exists in the country, which normally is under The State Council of the People's Republic of China, as a tool to spread propaganda, but we were not able to find direct links between CRTV and the PRC in English or Dutch sources. The report states it was set up by graduates in Amsterdam in 1996, 'to connect Chinese and Western culture and society through various media channels.' Their latest reports on their website date from 2019 (see URL2 above). However when we Baidu it, it shows that in the PRC there is a network called CRTV that belongs to The State Council of the People's Republic of China. CRTV can be found worldwide. It is to be supposed that CRTV in the Netherlands is also related to the PRC government like CRTV in other countries. They all share similar purposes (see URL3 above). So the situation remains uncertain for the moment

Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by Sorin Ionita