Academia
The Academia Domain measures how the PRC state attempts to restrict academic freedom by influencing or interfering with the Index country‘s academic and educational activities.
Exposure
Exposure assesses the conditions that make the target country vulnerable to PRC‘s influence, e.g. in terms of economic dependence, or the receiving of some form of benefit.
01.In my country, universities have established research partnerships with PRC-connected entities. (e.g. Huawei, Tencent or Alibaba)
2024
91/ 98
Affected Countries
0/ No
7 countries chose this answer :
Armenia, Sweden, Albania, Montenegro, Iceland, India, Democratic Republic of the Congo
1/ Few, but insignificant
20 countries chose this answer :
Venezuela, Bangladesh, Lithuania, Austria, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Senegal, Taiwan, Czech Republic, Poland, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Uganda, Mozambique, Angola, Japan, South Korea, Qatar, Israel, Sri Lanka
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
8 countries chose this answer :
Colombia, France, Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, Bolivia, Zimbabwe, Saudi Arabia
3/ Few, but significant
4/ More than a few, and significant
39 countries chose this answer :
Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Belarus, Panama, Peru, Chile, Gambia, Algeria, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Ireland, Greece, Turkey, Spain, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, South Africa, Kenya, Singapore, Brazil, Nepal, New Zealand, Argentina, El Salvador, Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar, Indonesia, Canada, United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Australia
98 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator
02.In my country, there are Confucius Institutes/Classrooms or other PRC-affiliated Chinese language centers based at universities.
2024
91/ 98
Affected Countries
0/ No
1/ Few, but insignificant
14 countries chose this answer :
Mexico, Gambia, Bangladesh, Lithuania, Belgium, Denmark, Albania, Moldova, India, Czech Republic, Saudi Arabia, United States, Israel, Sri Lanka
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
7 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Colombia, Montenegro, Poland, Mozambique, Japan, South Korea
3/ Few, but significant
39 countries chose this answer :
Jordan, Egypt, Panama, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Algeria, Bulgaria, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ireland, Serbia, Greece, North Macedonia, Iceland, Romania, Italy, Netherlands, Ukraine, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Afghanistan, Nigeria, South Africa, Senegal, Ethiopia, Singapore, Estonia, Vietnam, Russia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Argentina, Uruguay, El Salvador, Philippines, Uganda, Angola, Cambodia
4/ More than a few, and significant
31 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Belarus, Mongolia, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, France, Hungary, Slovakia, Turkey, Portugal, Spain, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Kenya, Brazil, Nepal, Zimbabwe, Thailand, Indonesia, Canada, Germany, United Kingdom, Australia
98 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator
03.My country plans to include, or does include, Chinese as a foreign language in K-12 or primary education, and receives free or subsidized (e.g. offered below market price) educational books and teachers from the PRC.
2024
40/ 97
Affected Countries
Skipped
1 countries chose this answer :
0/ No
57 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Jordan, Lebanon, Belarus, Mexico, Costa Rica, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Algeria, France, Bangladesh, Lithuania, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, North Macedonia, Iceland, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Spain, Bolivia, Paraguay, Afghanistan, India, Senegal, Ethiopia, Taiwan, Brazil, Czech Republic, Poland, Vietnam, Russia, Zimbabwe, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, El Salvador, Philippines, Myanmar, Mozambique, Angola, Japan, Canada, United States, Sri Lanka
4/ Yes
40 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Egypt, Mongolia, Panama, Chile, Colombia, Gambia, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovakia, Ireland, Serbia, Turkey, Portugal, Italy, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya, Singapore, Estonia, Nepal, Argentina, Uruguay, Thailand, Uganda, Indonesia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Cambodia, Germany, United Kingdom, Australia, Israel
97 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator
04.In my country, one or more think tanks and academic research centers belong to PRC-affiliated networks/associations (such as: the Silk Road Think Tank Association, Silk Road Think Tank Network [SiLKS], Belt and Road Studies Network, University Alliance of the Silk Road, University Consortium of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road).
2024
52/ 98
Affected Countries
0/ No
46 countries chose this answer :
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Mongolia, Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Colombia, Algeria, Lithuania, Austria, Slovakia, Finland, Denmark, Ireland, Albania, North Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, India, Senegal, Ethiopia, Kenya, Brazil, Czech Republic, Vietnam, Russia, Zimbabwe, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Timor-Leste, Uruguay, El Salvador, Philippines, Uganda, Mozambique, Angola, South Korea, Qatar, Canada, Australia
1/ Few, but insignificant
22 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Lebanon, Bangladesh, Belgium, Sweden, Montenegro, Greece, Iceland, Ukraine, Nigeria, South Africa, Taiwan, Poland, Malaysia, Argentina, Myanmar, Japan, Saudi Arabia, United States, Israel
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
9 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Gambia, France, Turkey, Italy, United Kingdom
3/ Few, but significant
98 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator
05.In my country, think tanks and academic research centers have received financial benefits from PRC-connected individuals or entities, such as through grants, donations, sponsored exchange programs, or fellowship programs at PRC institutions.
2024
62/ 91
Affected Countries
Skipped
0/ No
29 countries chose this answer :
Armenia, Uzbekistan, Jordan, Belarus, Mongolia, Peru, Ecuador, Lithuania, Austria, Sweden, Denmark, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Moldova, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, Turkmenistan, India, Nigeria, Senegal, Czech Republic, Poland, Russia, Timor-Leste, Myanmar, Angola, South Korea, Qatar
1/ Few, but insignificant
13 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Bangladesh, Hungary, Finland, Albania, Iceland, Ukraine, Kenya, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Israel
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
9 countries chose this answer :
Tajikistan, Mexico, Panama, Romania, Italy, Netherlands, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique, United States
3/ Few, but significant
23 countries chose this answer :
Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Egypt, Venezuela, Gambia, Algeria, France, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Spain, Pakistan, Afghanistan, South Africa, Ethiopia, Singapore, Estonia, Vietnam, Uruguay, El Salvador, Philippines, Japan, Canada
4/ More than a few, and significant
91 countries answered this indicator; 7 countries skipped this indicator
06.In my country, experts participate in PRC talent recruitment programs such as the Thousand Talents Program or Changjiang Scholars program.
2024
45/ 98
Affected Countries
0/ No
53 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Venezuela, Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, Gambia, Bangladesh, Hungary, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, North Macedonia, Turkey, Iceland, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Spain, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, India, Senegal, Ethiopia, Kenya, Estonia, Poland, Russia, Zimbabwe, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, El Salvador, Philippines, Myanmar, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Cambodia, Sri Lanka
1/ Few, but insignificant
18 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Jordan, Egypt, Lithuania, Ireland, Serbia, Italy, Netherlands, Nigeria, South Africa, Brazil, Czech Republic, Vietnam, Thailand, Uganda, Mozambique, Indonesia, Israel
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
5 countries chose this answer :
3/ Few, but significant
12 countries chose this answer :
Costa Rica, Algeria, France, Bulgaria, Austria, Portugal, Pakistan, Singapore, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea, United States
4/ More than a few, and significant
98 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator
07.In my country, scholars have taken trips to the PRC or to other countries organized or run by PRC-connected individuals or entities.
2024
61/ 92
Affected Countries
Skipped
6 countries chose this answer :
Greece, North Macedonia, Turkey, Portugal, Brazil, United Kingdom
0/ No
31 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Belarus, Mongolia, Mexico, Lithuania, Austria, Belgium, Sweden, Finland, Albania, Serbia, Iceland, Ukraine, Bolivia, Paraguay, Senegal, Russia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Mozambique, Angola, Japan
1/ Few, but insignificant
19 countries chose this answer :
Colombia, Algeria, Bangladesh, Hungary, Montenegro, Netherlands, Spain, Turkmenistan, India, Nigeria, Czech Republic, Vietnam, New Zealand, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Indonesia, Australia, Israel, Sri Lanka
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
12 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, France, Slovakia, Romania, Moldova, Italy, Singapore, Poland, Philippines, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Germany
3/ Few, but significant
14 countries chose this answer :
Costa Rica, Peru, Chile, Bulgaria, Denmark, Nicaragua, Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Estonia, Timor-Leste, Uruguay, El Salvador, Qatar
4/ More than a few, and significant
92 countries answered this indicator; 6 countries skipped this indicator
Pressure
Pressure measures the actions that the PRC directly or indirectly exerts over the target country in order to change the behavior of people in the target country, e.g. in terms of threatening economic punishment to provoke/prevent a political decision.
08.In my country, organized PRC-connected student groups, such as Chinese Students and Scholars Associations (CSSAs), are involved in attempts to censor staff or students (e.g. by harassing students protesting human rights abuses in the PRC, or formally complaining about the identification of Taiwan as a country in lecture slides).
2024
13/ 98
Affected Countries
0/ No
85 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Latvia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Belarus, Mongolia, Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Peru, Venezuela, Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, Gambia, Algeria, Bangladesh, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovakia, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Greece, North Macedonia, Turkey, Iceland, Portugal, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Spain, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, India, Nigeria, South Africa, Senegal, Ethiopia, Kenya, Taiwan, Brazil, Czech Republic, Poland, Vietnam, Nepal, Russia, New Zealand, Zimbabwe, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Argentina, Uruguay, El Salvador, Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar, Uganda, Mozambique, Angola, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Canada, Cambodia, Israel, Sri Lanka
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
4 countries chose this answer :
4/ More than a few, and significant
3 countries chose this answer :
98 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator
09.In my country, scholars or academics have been pressured after expressing opinions or producing scholarship that is critical of the PRC, including via visa denials for PRC travel, workplace censure, lawsuits, legal challenges, or threats thereof.
2024
11/ 97
Affected Countries
Skipped
1 countries chose this answer :
0/ No
86 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Latvia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Belarus, Mongolia, Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Peru, Venezuela, Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, Gambia, Algeria, Bangladesh, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovakia, Finland, Denmark, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Greece, North Macedonia, Turkey, Iceland, Portugal, Romania, Moldova, Netherlands, Ukraine, Spain, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, India, Nigeria, South Africa, Senegal, Ethiopia, Kenya, Singapore, Brazil, Czech Republic, Poland, Nepal, Russia, New Zealand, Zimbabwe, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Argentina, Uruguay, El Salvador, Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar, Uganda, Mozambique, Angola, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, Israel, Sri Lanka
1/ Few, but insignificant
4 countries chose this answer :
2/ More than a few, but insignificant
0 countries chose this answer :
3/ Few, but significant
5 countries chose this answer :
97 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator
Alignment
Alignment evaluates the degree of accommodations the target country makes to the PRC, and the actual policy changes and impacts on the target country.
10.In my country, PRC-connected entities have been involved in school or university curriculum design, such as courses about East Asian history, modern politics, etc.
2024
28/ 96
Affected Countries
0/ No
68 countries chose this answer :
Latvia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Egypt, Belarus, Mongolia, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Algeria, France, Bangladesh, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Slovakia, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Greece, North Macedonia, Portugal, Romania, Ukraine, Spain, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, India, South Africa, Senegal, Ethiopia, Taiwan, Brazil, Czech Republic, Estonia, Vietnam, Nepal, New Zealand, Zimbabwe, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Argentina, Uruguay, El Salvador, Philippines, Myanmar, Mozambique, Angola, Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, Qatar, Germany, Australia, Sri Lanka
4/ Yes
28 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Lebanon, Mexico, Costa Rica, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Gambia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ireland, Turkey, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Nigeria, Kenya, Singapore, Poland, Russia, Thailand, Uganda, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Cambodia, United States, United Kingdom
96 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator
11.In my country, scholars have published articles that echo PRC talking points, such as denying the existence of or whitewashing human rights abuses (e.g. an academic who rejects that there are re-education camps for Uyghurs in Xinjiang).
2024
31/ 96
Affected Countries
Skipped
2 countries chose this answer :
0/ No
65 countries chose this answer :
Georgia, Latvia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, Belarus, Mongolia, Mexico, Costa Rica, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, Gambia, Lithuania, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovakia, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Ireland, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, North Macedonia, Turkey, Iceland, Portugal, Romania, Moldova, Italy, Netherlands, Ukraine, Spain, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Paraguay, India, Nigeria, Senegal, Ethiopia, Brazil, Czech Republic, Estonia, Vietnam, Nepal, New Zealand, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Argentina, Uruguay, El Salvador, Myanmar, Uganda, Mozambique, Angola, Israel, Sri Lanka
1/ Few, but insignificant
18 countries chose this answer :
Egypt, Lebanon, Chile, Algeria, Bangladesh, Serbia, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, South Africa, Kenya, Russia, Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, United States, United Kingdom, Australia
3/ Few, but significant
96 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator
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