United States

$69,287.5
331.8M
Ranking
21/ 82
Original Score

* As some Indicators can be skipped where data is unavailable, the maximum overall and Domain scores are not identical for each country. Country rankings are generated from ratios of the maximum scores and the achieved scores.

159/ 376
Executive partner
National Bureau of Asian Research
Index Year
2021
Layer Scores

The Indicators have been classified by the stage of the influence process at which they occur. Some Indicators correspond to exposure to PRC influence, e.g. the presence of Confucius Institutes. Others test for pressure – such as visa denials to academics or journalists. Finally, some Indicators capture the effect of PRC influence, such as national policy changes in favor of PRC interests.
The individual Layer scores for each country are tallied and displayed via rankings.

Exposure

41%

Exposure assesses the conditions that make the target country vulnerable to PRC's influence, e.g. in terms of economic dependence, or the receiving of some form of benefit.

Pressure

91%

Pressure measures the actions that the PRC directly or indirectly exerts over the target country in order to change the behavior of people in the target country, e.g. in terms of threatening economic punishment to provoke/prevent a political decision.

Effect

23%

Effect evaluates the degree of accommodations the target country makes to the PRC, and the actual effects and impacts on the target country.

In 2021, the United States had a GDP per capita of US$69,288 and a total population of 331.8 million people, with the foreign-born Chinese population comprising 2.4 million people and US-born citizens of Chinese heritage/ancestry comprising 3 million people, or 1.6% of the total population.

The United States established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China in 1979. The United States was ranked 42th in Reporters Without Borders' 2022 World Press Freedom Index, and 'Free’ in Freedom House's 2022 Global Freedom Status, with a score of 83/100.

Domain Scores
Country Percentage
Index Average

Percentage scores do not suggest some degree out of a “completely influenced” level of 100%. The percentages express the country’s score out of the total achievable amount based on the Indicators for each Domain.

  • Media
    50.0% / 30.1%
  • Academia
    84.1% / 34%
  • Economy
    27.3% / 33.6%
  • Society
    45.0% / 23.6%
  • Military
    18.2% / 23.4%
  • Law Enforcement
    40.0% / 30.2%
  • Technology
    25.0% / 40.8%
  • Domestic Politics
    71.9% / 37.2%
  • Foreign Policy
    27.3% / 41%

Media

The Media Domain evaluates how PRC entities influence public debate and media coverage about the PRC in the Index country.

1.
Exposure

In my country, there are media organizations that belong to the World Chinese Media (世界华文媒体) network.

Yes

Answer ( 1 / 4 )

More

Skipped

2 countries chose this answer

0/ No

42 countries chose this answer

1/ Few, but insignificant

19 countries chose this answer

2/ More than a few, but insignificant

4 countries chose this answer

3/ Few, but significant

13 countries chose this answer

4/ More than a few, and significant

2 countries chose this answer

80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

Supporting Evidence

Some of these media may have some influence within the Chinese diaspora in the U.S. and among Chinese- Americans, but they would have virtually no influence on mainstream media or politics.

  1. https://worldchinesemedia.com/2015/05/12/56/

    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

    Hide
    2.
    Exposure

    In my country, there are journalists or media organizations which are members of the Belt and Road Media Cooperation Alliance/Union, the Belt and Road News Alliance, or other Belt and Road media networks that connected to PRC (e.g. Belt and Road Media Community, Belt and Road Journalists Network, Belt and Road News Network, or B&R TV Networks).

    Yes

    Answer ( 1 / 4 )

    More

    Skipped

    1 countries chose this answer

    0/ No

    39 countries chose this answer

    1/ Few, but insignificant

    23 countries chose this answer

    2/ More than a few, but insignificant

    4 countries chose this answer

    3/ Few, but significant

    14 countries chose this answer

    4/ More than a few, and significant

    1 countries chose this answer

    81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

    Supporting Evidence

    Two media groups, Rakuten Viki USA and National Geographic Channel are associated with the Belt and Road Media Community (BRMC).

    1. http://brmc.chnpec.com/en/member.shtml

      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

      Hide
      3.
      Exposure

      In my country, there are journalists, media organizations or online influencers who have attended all-expenses paid media tours in PRC.

      No

      Answer ( 0 / 4 )

      More

      Skipped

      11 countries chose this answer

      0/ No

      15 countries chose this answer

      1/ Few, but insignificant

      15 countries chose this answer

      2/ More than a few, but insignificant

      5 countries chose this answer

      3/ Few, but significant

      23 countries chose this answer

      4/ More than a few, and significant

      13 countries chose this answer

      71 countries answered this indicator; 11 countries skipped this indicator

      Supporting Evidence

      Research indicates that these all-expenses paid media tours are geared towards journalists from developing countries.

          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

          Hide
          4.
          Exposure

          In my country, there are journalists, media organizations or online influencers who have received trainings from PRC state-owned media or PRC-connected entities.

          Yes

          Answer ( 1 / 4 )

          More

          Skipped

          3 countries chose this answer

          0/ No

          37 countries chose this answer

          1/ Few, but insignificant

          16 countries chose this answer

          2/ More than a few, but insignificant

          2 countries chose this answer

          3/ Few, but significant

          14 countries chose this answer

          4/ More than a few, and significant

          10 countries chose this answer

          79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

          Supporting Evidence

          See below link.

          1. https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-10/17/content_27077588.htm

            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

            Hide
            5.
            Exposure

            In my country, PRC state-media (including print, radio, and video) is broadcasted or distributed in a local language.

            Yes

            Answer ( 2 / 4 )

            More

            Skipped

            1 countries chose this answer

            0/ No

            24 countries chose this answer

            1/ Few, but insignificant

            22 countries chose this answer

            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

            7 countries chose this answer

            3/ Few, but significant

            18 countries chose this answer

            4/ More than a few, and significant

            10 countries chose this answer

            81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

            Supporting Evidence

            Other than China Daily, major party-state media like CGTN, Xinhua, People’s Daily and such operate in the U.S.

            1. http://global.chinadaily.com.cn/

              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

              Hide
              6.
              Exposure

              In my country, there are local media outlets wholly or partly owned by PRC citizens or corporations.

              Yes

              Answer ( 1 / 4 )

              More

              Skipped

              2 countries chose this answer

              0/ No

              44 countries chose this answer

              1/ Few, but insignificant

              19 countries chose this answer

              2/ More than a few, but insignificant

              3 countries chose this answer

              3/ Few, but significant

              14 countries chose this answer

              4/ More than a few, and significant

              0 countries chose this answer

              80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

              Hide
              7.
              Exposure

              In my country, there are media outlets that have delivered cheap or free contents provided by PRC state-fund media.

              Yes

              Answer ( 3 / 4 )

              More

              Skipped

              3 countries chose this answer

              0/ No

              22 countries chose this answer

              1/ Few, but insignificant

              21 countries chose this answer

              2/ More than a few, but insignificant

              6 countries chose this answer

              3/ Few, but significant

              23 countries chose this answer

              4/ More than a few, and significant

              7 countries chose this answer

              79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

              Supporting Evidence

              See below link.

              1. https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/china-radio/

                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                Hide
                8.
                Exposure

                In my country, there are regular PRC state-media or government advertisements inserted within local newspapers, online news websites or social media.

                Yes

                Answer ( 3 / 4 )

                More

                Skipped

                1 countries chose this answer

                0/ No

                38 countries chose this answer

                1/ Few, but insignificant

                13 countries chose this answer

                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                7 countries chose this answer

                3/ Few, but significant

                15 countries chose this answer

                4/ More than a few, and significant

                8 countries chose this answer

                81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                Supporting Evidence

                I’ve seen China Daily paid supplements in the Washington Post, Financial Times, Foreign Policy magazine and other publications. See page four in below link.

                1. https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Sarah%20Cook%20May%204th%202017%20USCC%20testimony.pdf

                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                  Hide
                  9.
                  Pressure

                  In my country, there are journalists who have had pressure exerted on them by the PRC, including (but not limited to) public denouncement, revocation of journalist ID, denial of visa.

                  Yes

                  Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                  More

                  Skipped

                  1 countries chose this answer

                  0/ No

                  57 countries chose this answer

                  4/ Yes

                  24 countries chose this answer

                  81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                  Supporting Evidence

                  Absolutely yes, and increasingly so. Not only have many of the best journalists reporting in English from China been expelled from the country, but journalists remaining in China and their locally-engaged Chinese assistants continue to be intimidated by party-state security organs and members of the public. Intimidation ranges from physical surveillance to physical harassment to online slander and threat. Moreover, PRC foreign ministry and other officials openly vilify these journalists and their publications by name – a practice that gives the green light to Chinese citizens to further intimidate the journalists.

                  1. https://www.voanews.com/press-freedom/us-condemns-harassment-foreign-journalists-china
                  2. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/17/business/media/china-expels-american-journalists.html

                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                    Hide
                    10.
                    Effect

                    In my country, there are incidents of media outlets censoring views critical of the PRC government.

                    Yes

                    Answer ( 3 / 4 )

                    More

                    Skipped

                    4 countries chose this answer

                    0/ No

                    51 countries chose this answer

                    1/ Few, but insignificant

                    11 countries chose this answer

                    2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                    3 countries chose this answer

                    3/ Few, but significant

                    9 countries chose this answer

                    4/ More than a few, and significant

                    4 countries chose this answer

                    78 countries answered this indicator; 4 countries skipped this indicator

                    Supporting Evidence

                    See page 11 in the below link [of USSC]. I would imagine that some publications, writers and academics exercise self-censorship in their treatment of the PRC. Link

                    1. https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Sarah%20Cook%20May%204th%202017%20USCC%20testimony.pdf
                    2. https://archives.cjr.org/feature/bloombergs_folly.php

                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                      Hide
                      11.
                      Effect

                      In my country, there are media personalities (including reporters, journalists or commentators) or celebrities who deny the existence of human rights abuses in the PRC (e.g. a media personality that doubts there are re-education camps for Uyghurs in Xinjiang).

                      Yes

                      Answer ( 3 / 4 )

                      More

                      Skipped

                      2 countries chose this answer

                      0/ No

                      44 countries chose this answer

                      1/ Few, but insignificant

                      18 countries chose this answer

                      2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                      4 countries chose this answer

                      3/ Few, but significant

                      9 countries chose this answer

                      4/ More than a few, and significant

                      5 countries chose this answer

                      80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                      Hide

                      Academia

                      The Academia Domain measures how the PRC state attempts to restrict academic freedom by influencing or interfering with the Index country’s academic and educational activities.

                      1.
                      Exposure

                      In my country, universities have established research partnerships with PRC-connected entities. (e.g. Huawei, Tencent or Alibaba)

                      Yes

                      Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                      More

                      0/ No

                      9 countries chose this answer

                      1/ Few, but insignificant

                      11 countries chose this answer

                      2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                      6 countries chose this answer

                      3/ Few, but significant

                      31 countries chose this answer

                      4/ More than a few, and significant

                      25 countries chose this answer

                      82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                      Supporting Evidence

                      More than a few U.S. universities and think tanks have taken Chinese corporate funds.

                      1. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-china-security-universities-insig/u-s-universities-unplug-from-chinas-huawei-under-pressure-from-trump-idUSKCN1PI0GV

                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                        Hide
                        2.
                        Exposure

                        In my country, there are Confucius Institutes/Classrooms.

                        Yes

                        Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                        More

                        0/ No

                        5 countries chose this answer

                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                        14 countries chose this answer

                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                        5 countries chose this answer

                        3/ Few, but significant

                        31 countries chose this answer

                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                        27 countries chose this answer

                        82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                        Supporting Evidence

                        See below link.

                        1. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/IF11180.pdf

                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                          Hide
                          3.
                          Exposure

                          My country plans to include, or does include, Chinese as a foreign language in K12 or primary education, and receives free or subsidized (e.g. offered below market price) educational books and teachers from PRC.

                          Yes

                          Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                          More

                          Skipped

                          1 countries chose this answer

                          0/ No

                          46 countries chose this answer

                          4/ Yes

                          35 countries chose this answer

                          81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                          Supporting Evidence

                          See page 18 on below link.

                          1. https://www.hsgac.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/PSI%20Report%20China's%20Impact%20on%20the%20US%20Education%20System.pdf

                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                            Hide
                            4.
                            Exposure

                            In my country, one or more think tanks and academic research centers belong to PRC-affiliated networks/associations (such as: the Silk Road Think Tank Association, Silk Road Think Tank Network [SiLKS], Belt and Road Studies Network, University Alliance of the Silk Road, University Consortium of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road).

                            Yes

                            Answer ( 1 / 4 )

                            More

                            Skipped

                            2 countries chose this answer

                            0/ No

                            40 countries chose this answer

                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                            17 countries chose this answer

                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                            7 countries chose this answer

                            3/ Few, but significant

                            14 countries chose this answer

                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                            2 countries chose this answer

                            80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                            Hide
                            5.
                            Exposure

                            In my country, think tanks and academic research centers have received financial support from PRC-connected individuals or entities.

                            Yes

                            Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                            More

                            Skipped

                            10 countries chose this answer

                            0/ No

                            21 countries chose this answer

                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                            11 countries chose this answer

                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                            11 countries chose this answer

                            3/ Few, but significant

                            19 countries chose this answer

                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                            10 countries chose this answer

                            72 countries answered this indicator; 10 countries skipped this indicator

                            Supporting Evidence

                            See below links.

                            1. https://uscpf.org/v3/about_us/donors/
                            2. https://chinaus-icas.org/about-icas/icas-faqs/

                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                              Hide
                              6.
                              Exposure

                              In my country, experts participate in PRC talent recruitment programs such as the Thousand Talents Program or Changjiang Scholars program.

                              Yes

                              Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                              More

                              Skipped

                              3 countries chose this answer

                              0/ No

                              47 countries chose this answer

                              1/ Few, but insignificant

                              11 countries chose this answer

                              2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                              6 countries chose this answer

                              3/ Few, but significant

                              10 countries chose this answer

                              4/ More than a few, and significant

                              5 countries chose this answer

                              79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

                              Supporting Evidence

                              Many prominent cases reported in the U.S. media: the Harvard chemistry professor, GE engineers, numerous genetics, biology and bio-medicine figures, etc

                              1. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/11/us/politics/professor-simon-ang-wire-fraud-china.html

                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                Hide
                                7.
                                Exposure

                                In my country, scholars have taken trips to the PRC paid for by PRC-connected individuals or entities.

                                Yes

                                Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                More

                                Skipped

                                13 countries chose this answer

                                0/ No

                                17 countries chose this answer

                                1/ Few, but insignificant

                                15 countries chose this answer

                                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                11 countries chose this answer

                                3/ Few, but significant

                                12 countries chose this answer

                                4/ More than a few, and significant

                                14 countries chose this answer

                                69 countries answered this indicator; 13 countries skipped this indicator

                                Supporting Evidence

                                Above link references a law professor from Nebraska who travels annually to China paid for by the Confucius Institute.

                                1. https://www.npr.org/2019/07/17/741239298/as-scrutiny-of-china-grows-some-u-s-schools-drop-a-language-program

                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                  Hide
                                  8.
                                  Pressure

                                  In my country, organized PRC-connected student groups, such as Chinese Students and Scholars Associations (CSSAs), are involved in attempts to censor staff or students (e.g. by harassing students protesting human rights abuses in the PRC, or formally complaining about the identification of Taiwan as a country in lecture slides).

                                  Yes

                                  Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                  More

                                  Skipped

                                  1 countries chose this answer

                                  0/ No

                                  64 countries chose this answer

                                  1/ Few, but insignificant

                                  6 countries chose this answer

                                  2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                  3 countries chose this answer

                                  3/ Few, but significant

                                  5 countries chose this answer

                                  4/ More than a few, and significant

                                  3 countries chose this answer

                                  81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                  Hide
                                  9.
                                  Pressure

                                  In my country, scholars or academics have been denied visas to travel to the PRC after expressing opinions or producing scholarship that is critical of the PRC.

                                  Yes

                                  Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                  More

                                  Skipped

                                  7 countries chose this answer

                                  0/ No

                                  64 countries chose this answer

                                  1/ Few, but insignificant

                                  1 countries chose this answer

                                  2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                  0 countries chose this answer

                                  3/ Few, but significant

                                  6 countries chose this answer

                                  4/ More than a few, and significant

                                  4 countries chose this answer

                                  75 countries answered this indicator; 7 countries skipped this indicator

                                  Supporting Evidence

                                  See below link.

                                  1. https://www.npr.org/2019/04/25/716032871/visas-are-the-newest-weapon-in-u-s-china-rivalry

                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                    Hide
                                    10.
                                    Effect

                                    In my country, PRC-connected entities have been involved in school or university curriculum design, such as courses about East Asian history, modern politics, etc.

                                    No

                                    Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                    More

                                    Skipped

                                    2 countries chose this answer

                                    0/ No

                                    64 countries chose this answer

                                    4/ Yes

                                    16 countries chose this answer

                                    80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                    Supporting Evidence

                                    Aside from Confucius Institutes, which don’t seem to play a role in developing curriculum for for-credit classes or classes outside of the Confucius Institute itself, research showed no indication of this.

                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                        Hide
                                        11.
                                        Effect

                                        In my country, there are confirmed reports of teachers or professors avoiding the discussion of sensitive political issues (e.g. Uyghur re-education camps, Taiwan independence, Tiananmen Square Massacre).

                                        Yes

                                        Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                        More

                                        Skipped

                                        5 countries chose this answer

                                        0/ No

                                        65 countries chose this answer

                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                        6 countries chose this answer

                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                        4 countries chose this answer

                                        77 countries answered this indicator; 5 countries skipped this indicator

                                        Supporting Evidence

                                        See below link.

                                        1. https://newrepublic.com/article/150476/american-elite-universities-selfcensorship-china

                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                          Hide

                                          Economy

                                          The Economy Domain measures the PRC’s economic leverage in the Index country, and how this is used to influence economic policy or corporate behavior in ways that favor the PRC.

                                          1.
                                          Exposure

                                          The PRC is my country's number one trading partner (for trade in goods only).

                                          No

                                          Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                          More

                                          0/ No

                                          51 countries chose this answer

                                          4/ Yes

                                          31 countries chose this answer

                                          82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                          Supporting Evidence

                                          See below link.

                                          1. https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/highlights/toppartners.html

                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                            Hide
                                            2.
                                            Exposure

                                            PRC-connected entities own more than 50% of my country’s sovereign debt.

                                            No

                                            Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                            More

                                            Skipped

                                            1 countries chose this answer

                                            0/ No

                                            77 countries chose this answer

                                            4/ Yes

                                            4 countries chose this answer

                                            81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                            Supporting Evidence

                                            Not Found

                                            1. https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/

                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                              Hide
                                              3.
                                              Exposure

                                              The PRC is the top customer for my country’s extractive industries.

                                              No

                                              Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                              More

                                              0/ No

                                              62 countries chose this answer

                                              4/ Yes

                                              20 countries chose this answer

                                              82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                              Not Found

                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                  Hide
                                                  4.
                                                  Exposure

                                                  In my country, PRC-related entities own, operate or substantially control critical infrastructure (e.g. ports, power plants, digital data centers, etc) or sensitive sectors (biotech, raw materials, etc.)

                                                  Yes

                                                  Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                  More

                                                  0/ No

                                                  36 countries chose this answer

                                                  4/ Yes

                                                  46 countries chose this answer

                                                  82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                  Supporting Evidence

                                                  The below link has multiple entries for data centers in the United States

                                                  1. https://chinatechmap.aspi.org.au/

                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                    Hide
                                                    5.
                                                    Exposure

                                                    My country joined (or applied to join) the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB).

                                                    No

                                                    Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                    More

                                                    0/ No

                                                    27 countries chose this answer

                                                    4/ Yes

                                                    55 countries chose this answer

                                                    82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                    Not Found

                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                        Hide
                                                        6.
                                                        Exposure

                                                        In my country, major businesses are members of the Silk Road Chamber of International Commerce, or of the Belt and Road Industrial and Commercial Alliance, or of the Belt and Road General Chamber of Commerce.

                                                        No

                                                        Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                        More

                                                        0/ No

                                                        41 countries chose this answer

                                                        4/ Yes

                                                        41 countries chose this answer

                                                        82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                        Not Found

                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                            Hide
                                                            7.
                                                            Pressure

                                                            My country has been the target of PRC economic coercion (e.g. trade or investment sanctions) that was specifically tailored at products or services that are highly dependent on the PRC market.

                                                            Yes

                                                            Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                            More

                                                            0/ No

                                                            64 countries chose this answer

                                                            4/ Yes

                                                            18 countries chose this answer

                                                            82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                            Supporting Evidence

                                                            See below link.

                                                            1. https://www.aspi.org.au/report/chinese-communist-partys-coercive-diplomacy

                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                              Hide
                                                              8.
                                                              Pressure

                                                              In my country, local businesses have been harassed, threatened, or boycotted, due to their activities or statements in support of causes deemed unacceptable by the PRC government (e.g. Taiwanese independence, Hong Kong democracy, Tibet or Xinjiang issues, etc).

                                                              Yes

                                                              Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                              More

                                                              Skipped

                                                              2 countries chose this answer

                                                              0/ No

                                                              65 countries chose this answer

                                                              4/ Yes

                                                              15 countries chose this answer

                                                              80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                              Hide
                                                              9.
                                                              Effect

                                                              My country has free-trade agreement(s) with the PRC (either bilateral or as part of regional agreement(s)) that primarily deals with trade in goods or services, including digital goods or services.

                                                              No

                                                              Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                              More

                                                              0/ No

                                                              51 countries chose this answer

                                                              4/ Yes

                                                              31 countries chose this answer

                                                              82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                              Not Found

                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                  Hide
                                                                  10.
                                                                  Effect

                                                                  In my country, central or local governments have relaxed or removed regulatory restrictions, or have established special economic zones (or free trade zones, industrial parks, etc.) to attract investments or economic participation from the PRC.

                                                                  No

                                                                  Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                  More

                                                                  0/ No

                                                                  47 countries chose this answer

                                                                  4/ Yes

                                                                  35 countries chose this answer

                                                                  82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                  Supporting Evidence

                                                                  Not Found

                                                                  1. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2021/04/07/social-media-use-in-2021/

                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                    Hide
                                                                    11.
                                                                    Effect

                                                                    In my country, PRC-connected entities requisitioned infrastructure or land for failure to repay debts in a timely manner.

                                                                    No

                                                                    Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                    More

                                                                    Skipped

                                                                    2 countries chose this answer

                                                                    0/ No

                                                                    76 countries chose this answer

                                                                    4/ Yes

                                                                    4 countries chose this answer

                                                                    80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                    Not Found

                                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                        Hide

                                                                        Society

                                                                        The Society Domain measures the extent and effectiveness of the PRC’s efforts to advance its soft power in the Index country, including its influence over the actions and views of local organizations and citizens.

                                                                        1.
                                                                        Exposure

                                                                        In my country, there are local groups or organizations with words like “Promotion of Peaceful Reunification” in their name, and they regularly publicize their views on Taiwan, Hong Kong, Tibet and Xinjiang issues.

                                                                        Yes

                                                                        Answer ( 3 / 4 )

                                                                        More

                                                                        Skipped

                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                        0/ No

                                                                        49 countries chose this answer

                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                        12 countries chose this answer

                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                        7 countries chose this answer

                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                        9 countries chose this answer

                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                        4 countries chose this answer

                                                                        81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                        Supporting Evidence

                                                                        See below link.

                                                                        1. http://www.nacpu.org/aboutus.html

                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                          Hide
                                                                          2.
                                                                          Exposure

                                                                          In my country, there are members and member organizations of United World Chinese Association (世界华人协会).

                                                                          Yes

                                                                          Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                          More

                                                                          Skipped

                                                                          1 countries chose this answer

                                                                          0/ No

                                                                          62 countries chose this answer

                                                                          4/ Yes

                                                                          19 countries chose this answer

                                                                          81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                          Supporting Evidence

                                                                          US members in New York, San Francisco, and Boston

                                                                          1. http://www.uwca.net/member.html

                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                            Hide
                                                                            3.
                                                                            Exposure

                                                                            In my country, labor unions cooperate on exchanges or official visits to the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) in the PRC.

                                                                            No

                                                                            Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                            More

                                                                            Skipped

                                                                            1 countries chose this answer

                                                                            0/ No

                                                                            68 countries chose this answer

                                                                            4/ Yes

                                                                            13 countries chose this answer

                                                                            81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                            Supporting Evidence

                                                                            The most recent source is from 2013 and there is little evidence that these meetings have continued.

                                                                            1. http://qcpages.qc.cuny.edu/newlaborforum/old/html/11_article61.html#_edn1
                                                                            2. http://alrexchange.sps.cuny.edu/en/news/project-insider/145
                                                                            3. http://www.china.org.cn/2007-05/21/content_1211309.htm

                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                              Hide
                                                                              4.
                                                                              Exposure

                                                                              In my country, there are local reports of personnel linked to the UFWD who make appearances at Chinese diaspora community events and activities (e.g. Lunar New Year events, Dragon Boat festival tournaments, etc).

                                                                              Yes

                                                                              Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                              More

                                                                              Skipped

                                                                              2 countries chose this answer

                                                                              0/ No

                                                                              50 countries chose this answer

                                                                              1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                              9 countries chose this answer

                                                                              2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                              5 countries chose this answer

                                                                              3/ Few, but significant

                                                                              9 countries chose this answer

                                                                              4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                              7 countries chose this answer

                                                                              80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                              Supporting Evidence

                                                                              Every Chinese consulate has UFWD staff, not to mention intelligence and counter-intelligence agents, who “look after” the Chinese diaspora and Chinese Americans. 僑務工作 is the phrase, and it’s a Very Big Deal for every Chinese embassy and consulate. You will have noticed that in the recent turnover of PRC ambassadors in Washington both the departing ambassador and his successor addressed special communications to their “compatriots” in America.

                                                                              1. http://www.chinaconsulatesf.org/chn/tpxw/t1493277.htm
                                                                              2. http://losangeles.china-consulate.org/eng/lghd/t1702499.htm
                                                                              3. https://chinacenter.umn.edu/news/2018/3/visit-consul-general-hong-lei

                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                Hide
                                                                                5.
                                                                                Exposure

                                                                                In my country, there are PRC-connected professional associations that are closely engaged with their counterparts locally, such as All-China Journalists Association (中华全国新闻工作者协会), China Artists Association (中国艺术家协会), China Writers Association (中国作家协会) or All-China Women Federation (全国妇联).

                                                                                Yes

                                                                                Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                More

                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                33 countries chose this answer

                                                                                1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                25 countries chose this answer

                                                                                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                Hide
                                                                                6.
                                                                                Exposure

                                                                                In my country, PRC-connected individuals or entities donate money or provide other types of support to religious communities and charities.

                                                                                No

                                                                                Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                More

                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                46 countries chose this answer

                                                                                4/ Yes

                                                                                35 countries chose this answer

                                                                                81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                Not Found

                                                                                  Supplementary Notes

                                                                                  Given the CCP's avowed, sometimes stridently expressed, atheism, not to mention Xi Jinping's various campaigns against both Catholic and Protestant churches in China, I can't imagine any UFWD or other CCP-related monies going into Christian communities or charities in the U.S. Ditto for Muslim groups, I should think. It's also conceivable to me that in densely populated Chinese emigre communities -- think Canal Street or Flushing or some of the L.A. suburbs -- there might be Buddhist or Taoist "benevolent associations" which would get UFWD support to take a public stance on an issue of PRC concern, or to promote a candidate for public office. In China, the national Buddhist and Taoist associations have been pretty well co-opted by the CCP, much more thoroughly than even the "Patriotic" Catholic Church or the "Three-Self" Protestants. The party-state Religious Affairs Bureau sees these Buddhist and Taoist traditions as "native" to China, rather than "foreign" traditions such as Christianity or Islam.

                                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                    Hide
                                                                                    7.
                                                                                    Exposure

                                                                                    In my country, the PRC government or PRC-connected entities distribute entertainment products (including: drama and TV shows) or related hardwares (e.g. OTT streaming players hosting PRC media channels) freely or at a cheap price.

                                                                                    Yes

                                                                                    Answer ( 2 / 4 )

                                                                                    More

                                                                                    Skipped

                                                                                    2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                    0/ No

                                                                                    38 countries chose this answer

                                                                                    1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                    21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                    2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                    4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                    3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                    11 countries chose this answer

                                                                                    4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                    6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                    80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                    Supporting Evidence

                                                                                    "Companies including Xinhua and CGTN, which claims to reach 1.2 billion people globally, have gone on hiring sprees in cities in the United States and abroad. Beijing has reportedly pressured U.S. cable operators to favor its state media companies"

                                                                                    1. https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/does-chinese-state-media-pose-threat-united-states

                                                                                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                      8.
                                                                                      Effect

                                                                                      Cultural products (such as films and TV shows) produced by my country’s production studios typically portray the PRC in a positive light.

                                                                                      No

                                                                                      Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                      More

                                                                                      Skipped

                                                                                      7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                      60 countries chose this answer

                                                                                      4/ Yes

                                                                                      15 countries chose this answer

                                                                                      75 countries answered this indicator; 7 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                      Not Found

                                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                          Hide
                                                                                          9.
                                                                                          Effect

                                                                                          In my country, celebrities regularly publish or share propaganda narratives from the PRC.

                                                                                          Yes

                                                                                          Answer ( 1 / 4 )

                                                                                          More

                                                                                          0/ No

                                                                                          67 countries chose this answer

                                                                                          1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                          10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                          2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                          0 countries chose this answer

                                                                                          3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                          3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                          4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                          2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                          82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                          Supporting Evidence

                                                                                          To my knowledge, few, if any, mainstream celebrities spout PRC propaganda. But there are extremist outliers like Steve Bannon, who loved the PRC before he hated it, and influential financial service boosters like Ray Dalio; and the Chinese diaspora media harbor some propaganda megaphones, although the anti-CCP voices seem louder. In the below link Ray Dalio argues that "China's recent regulatory crackdown has been misinterpreted as being anti-capitalist" and claimed that he was referring to Western observers who have no contact with policymakers and "don't follow in detail the patterns of the changes"

                                                                                          1. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/03/ray-dalio-on-investing-amid-chinas-crackdown-on-tech-education.html
                                                                                          2. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/understanding-chinas-recent-moves-its-capital-markets-ray-dalio/

                                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                            Hide
                                                                                            10.
                                                                                            Effect

                                                                                            In my country, the national or local governments regularly publish or share propaganda narratives from the PRC (e.g. statements from the PRC government or embassies).

                                                                                            Skip

                                                                                            More

                                                                                            Skipped

                                                                                            2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                            54 countries chose this answer

                                                                                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                            12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                            2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                            3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                            7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                            5 countries chose this answer

                                                                                            80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                              Supplementary Notes

                                                                                              While research indicates there are close ties between local governments and the PRC (see evidence below), we have been unable to find any evidence of local governments publishing or reposting messages from the PRC government or embassies. This question is skipped to a lack of availability evidence. Link (retweeted by Rick Snyder, former governor of Michigan) Link

                                                                                              1. https://twitter.com/MEDC/status/994924513338028033
                                                                                              2. https://www.facebook.com/GovernorRickSnyder/photos/a.102695878358/10153154871088359/

                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                              11.
                                                                                              Effect

                                                                                              In my country, a majority of citizens have positive views of the PRC government.

                                                                                              No

                                                                                              Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                              More

                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                              7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                              50 countries chose this answer

                                                                                              4/ Yes

                                                                                              25 countries chose this answer

                                                                                              75 countries answered this indicator; 7 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                              Hide

                                                                                              Military

                                                                                              The Military Domain gauges the bilateral military relationship between the PRC and the Index country, including PRC efforts to influence local military personnel.

                                                                                              1.
                                                                                              Exposure

                                                                                              My country currently imports (or receives in-kind donation of) military or law-enforcement equipment or components of equipment from the PRC.

                                                                                              No

                                                                                              Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                              More

                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                              36 countries chose this answer

                                                                                              4/ Yes

                                                                                              46 countries chose this answer

                                                                                              82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                              Not Found

                                                                                                Supplementary Notes

                                                                                                Probably “no” to complete products, but components more likely

                                                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                  Hide
                                                                                                  2.
                                                                                                  Exposure

                                                                                                  My country currently exports military or law-enforcement equipment or components of equipment to the PRC.

                                                                                                  No

                                                                                                  Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                  More

                                                                                                  Skipped

                                                                                                  1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                  0/ No

                                                                                                  74 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                  4/ Yes

                                                                                                  7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                  81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                  Not Found

                                                                                                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                                      3.
                                                                                                      Exposure

                                                                                                      My country co-develops or co-produces military or law-enforcement equipment with the PRC.

                                                                                                      No

                                                                                                      Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                      Skipped

                                                                                                      1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                      66 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                      4/ Yes

                                                                                                      15 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                      81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                      Not Found

                                                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                          Hide
                                                                                                          4.
                                                                                                          Exposure

                                                                                                          In my country, there are reports that the PRC has expressed intentions or has taken actions to establish basing.

                                                                                                          No

                                                                                                          Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                          More

                                                                                                          Skipped

                                                                                                          2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                          0/ No

                                                                                                          67 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                          4/ Yes

                                                                                                          13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                          80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                          Not Found

                                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                                              5.
                                                                                                              Exposure

                                                                                                              In my country, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has participated in a humanitarian relief/disaster assistance (HADR) effort.

                                                                                                              No

                                                                                                              Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                                              2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                                              61 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                              4/ Yes

                                                                                                              19 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                              80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                              Not Found

                                                                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                  Hide
                                                                                                                  6.
                                                                                                                  Exposure

                                                                                                                  In my country, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) military personnel are permanently or rotationally deployed (excluding defense attaches and peacekeepers).

                                                                                                                  No

                                                                                                                  Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                  More

                                                                                                                  0/ No

                                                                                                                  77 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                  4/ Yes

                                                                                                                  5 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                  82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                  Not Found

                                                                                                                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                                                      7.
                                                                                                                      Exposure

                                                                                                                      In my country, members of the military have received professional military education from the PRC.

                                                                                                                      No

                                                                                                                      Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                                      48 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                      4/ Yes

                                                                                                                      34 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                      82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                      Not Found

                                                                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                          Hide
                                                                                                                          8.
                                                                                                                          Exposure

                                                                                                                          In my country, members of the military have received peacekeeping training from the PRC.

                                                                                                                          No

                                                                                                                          Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                          More

                                                                                                                          Skipped

                                                                                                                          2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                          0/ No

                                                                                                                          67 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                          4/ Yes

                                                                                                                          13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                          80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                          Not Found

                                                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                                                              9.
                                                                                                                              Exposure

                                                                                                                              In my country, high-ranking retired or current military and/or intelligence officers have received direct or deferred benefits from PRC-connected individuals or entities openly or covertly (e.g. have been appointed to lucrative positions as board members or consultants with PRC-invested firms, casinos, energy companies, etc.) during or in retirement from public service.

                                                                                                                              Yes

                                                                                                                              Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                                                              4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                                                              67 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                              4/ Yes

                                                                                                                              11 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                              78 countries answered this indicator; 4 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                              Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                              In the article above: Dennis Wilder is a former senior CIA executive. James Green is a former CIA analyst.

                                                                                                                              1. https://www.georgetown.edu/news/10m-gift-will-create-u-s-china-initiative-on-global-issues-at-georgetown/

                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                10.
                                                                                                                                Effect

                                                                                                                                In my country, high-ranking retired or current military and/or intelligence officials advocate for more coordination with the People’s Liberation Army (PLA).

                                                                                                                                Yes

                                                                                                                                Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                68 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                high-ranking retired or current military and/or intelligence officials have called for crisis management mechanisms and confidence building measures.

                                                                                                                                1. https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/10/biden-china-xi-jinping-defense-hotline-pentagon/
                                                                                                                                2. https://www.newsweek.com/us-china-crisis-communications-warnings-election-1543383

                                                                                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                  Hide
                                                                                                                                  11.
                                                                                                                                  Effect

                                                                                                                                  My country cooperates with the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) on military exchange exercises, including drills and war games.

                                                                                                                                  No

                                                                                                                                  Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                  More

                                                                                                                                  0/ No

                                                                                                                                  51 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                  4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                  31 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                  82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                  Not Found

                                                                                                                                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                      Hide

                                                                                                                                      Law Enforcement

                                                                                                                                      The Law Enforcement Domain measures law enforcement cooperation between the PRC and the Index country, as well as the nature and extent of PRC-related criminal activity in the Index country.

                                                                                                                                      1.
                                                                                                                                      Exposure

                                                                                                                                      My country currently maintains an extradition treaty, legal mutual assistance or other similar arrangements with the PRC.

                                                                                                                                      No

                                                                                                                                      Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                                                      32 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                      4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                      50 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                      82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                      Not Found

                                                                                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                          Hide
                                                                                                                                          2.
                                                                                                                                          Exposure

                                                                                                                                          In my country, law enforcement authorities have signed cooperation agreements with the PRC on combatting terrorism.

                                                                                                                                          No

                                                                                                                                          Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                          More

                                                                                                                                          Skipped

                                                                                                                                          1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                          0/ No

                                                                                                                                          55 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                          4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                          26 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                          81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                          Not Found

                                                                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                                                                              3.
                                                                                                                                              Exposure

                                                                                                                                              In my country, PRC-connected gangs (such as Triad, 三合会) are known to be operating in my country.

                                                                                                                                              Yes

                                                                                                                                              Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                                                                              1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                                                                              52 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                              4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                              29 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                              81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                              Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                              The third article is about a Triad connected businessman who was a part of the UN bribery scandal involving the PRC and campaign finance problems in Clinton years. The Reuters article is the most recent example. There is a history here, but no source says that the Triads or their affiliates left the country. No one seems to be looking.

                                                                                                                                              1. https://www.bostonmagazine.com/2006/05/15/in-the-shadow-of-the-dragon/
                                                                                                                                              2. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/125837NCJRS.pdf
                                                                                                                                              3. https://macaudailytimes.com.mo/profile-a-highly-influential-figure-in-macau-guangdong.html
                                                                                                                                              4. https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/meth-syndicate/

                                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                4.
                                                                                                                                                Pressure

                                                                                                                                                In my country, there are reports of economic espionage targeting the private sector that were suspected to benefit PRC-connected entities.

                                                                                                                                                Yes

                                                                                                                                                Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                                2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                49 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                5.
                                                                                                                                                Pressure

                                                                                                                                                In my country, there are reports of cyber attacks targeting government, critical infrastructure, or enterprises that were suspected to be initiated from the PRC.

                                                                                                                                                Yes

                                                                                                                                                Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                                3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                37 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                14 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                15 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                6.
                                                                                                                                                Pressure

                                                                                                                                                In my country, triads are known to have threatened or used violence to coerce, intimidate or punish Chinese dissidents.

                                                                                                                                                Skip

                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                                2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                67 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                5 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                  Supplementary Notes

                                                                                                                                                  UNKNOWN (80 that it has been done, but beyond one case I have no confidence)

                                                                                                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                    Hide
                                                                                                                                                    7.
                                                                                                                                                    Effect

                                                                                                                                                    My country has deployed video or internet surveillance systems from the PRC for law enforcement.

                                                                                                                                                    Yes

                                                                                                                                                    Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                    More

                                                                                                                                                    Skipped

                                                                                                                                                    1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                    0/ No

                                                                                                                                                    30 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                    4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                    51 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                    81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                    Hide
                                                                                                                                                    8.
                                                                                                                                                    Effect

                                                                                                                                                    In my country, representatives of the PRC police force have had joint patrols with local law enforcement.

                                                                                                                                                    No

                                                                                                                                                    Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                    More

                                                                                                                                                    0/ No

                                                                                                                                                    71 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                    4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                    11 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                    82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                    Not Found

                                                                                                                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                        9.
                                                                                                                                                        Effect

                                                                                                                                                        My government has detained people at the request of the PRC for committing a crime involving engagements with social movements or resistance activities in Hong Kong, Xinjiang or for other human rights or civic rights issues.

                                                                                                                                                        No

                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                        Skipped

                                                                                                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                        68 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                        4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                        13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                        81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                        Not Found

                                                                                                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                            Hide
                                                                                                                                                            10.
                                                                                                                                                            Effect

                                                                                                                                                            My country has deported Taiwan citizens to the PRC to face prosecution.

                                                                                                                                                            No

                                                                                                                                                            Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                            More

                                                                                                                                                            Skipped

                                                                                                                                                            2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                                                                                            71 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                            4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                            9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                            80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                            Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                                11.
                                                                                                                                                                Effect

                                                                                                                                                                My country has extradited or has deported individuals to the PRC, although such decisions had attracted criticisms from politicians, government employees or from local or foreign NGOs.

                                                                                                                                                                No

                                                                                                                                                                Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                61 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                    Hide

                                                                                                                                                                    Technology

                                                                                                                                                                    The Technology Domain gauges the PRC’s influence over the technology sector in the Index country, including the activity and financial leverage of PRC companies, use of PRC hardware, and bilateral research partnerships.

                                                                                                                                                                    1.
                                                                                                                                                                    Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                    In my country, PRC-connected entities (such as China Mobile, China Unicom or China Telecom) or their subsidiaries provide telecom services.

                                                                                                                                                                    No

                                                                                                                                                                    Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                    More

                                                                                                                                                                    0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                    52 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                    4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                    30 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                    82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                    Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                        2.
                                                                                                                                                                        Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, telecoms have signed agreements to adopt hardwares or technical specifications of 4G or 5G cellular networks that are produced or developed by Huawei, ZTE or other PRC enterprises.

                                                                                                                                                                        No

                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                        16 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                        5 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                        4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                        27 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                        30 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                        82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                        Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                            Hide
                                                                                                                                                                            3.
                                                                                                                                                                            Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                            In my country, telecoms have adopted hardware or technical specifications by PRC-connected entities in internet/wifi/telecommunication service infrastructure projects, in addition to 4G/5G cellular network.

                                                                                                                                                                            No

                                                                                                                                                                            Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                            More

                                                                                                                                                                            Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                            8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                            14 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                            10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                            3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                            3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                            24 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                            23 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                            74 countries answered this indicator; 8 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                            Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                4.
                                                                                                                                                                                Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                In my country, PRC-connected entities are authorized vendors to supply tech-related equipment or services to our government, military or security services.

                                                                                                                                                                                No

                                                                                                                                                                                Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                28 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                53 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                  Supplementary Notes

                                                                                                                                                                                  No, not knowingly

                                                                                                                                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                    Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                    5.
                                                                                                                                                                                    Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                    In my country, central or local governments have collaboration (such as data collection or exchange agreement, or adoption of related hardwares) with the PRC government or PRC-connected entities on facial, voice recognition or other applications involving biometrics achieved by AI.

                                                                                                                                                                                    No

                                                                                                                                                                                    Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                    More

                                                                                                                                                                                    Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                    3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                    0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                    42 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                    1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                    9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                    2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                    2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                    3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                    19 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                    4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                    7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                    79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                    Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                        6.
                                                                                                                                                                                        Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, one or more cities have procured, or have signed contracts with PRC-connected entities to establish “smart city” systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 3 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                                        Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                        35 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                        13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                        4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                        25 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                        4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                        81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                        Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                        See below link.

                                                                                                                                                                                        1. https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/2020-04/China_Smart_Cities_Development.pdf

                                                                                                                                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                          Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                          7.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                          In my country, financial institutions use the China Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS) clearing and settlement services system.

                                                                                                                                                                                          No

                                                                                                                                                                                          Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                          More

                                                                                                                                                                                          Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                          1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                          0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                          63 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                          4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                          18 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                          81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                          Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                            Supplementary Notes

                                                                                                                                                                                            Banks in/from my country use CIPS at least inside their China offices: Link

                                                                                                                                                                                            1. https://www.cips.com.cn/cipsen/7052/7057/33783/33822/index.html

                                                                                                                                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                            Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                            8.
                                                                                                                                                                                            Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                            In my country, PRC-connected venture capital invests in technology start-ups.

                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                            Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                            More

                                                                                                                                                                                            Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                            1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                            32 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                            18 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                            8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                            12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                            11 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                            Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                            9.
                                                                                                                                                                                            Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                            In my country, companies have publicly announced that they had signed MOUs to collaborate on technological development (such as collaborations in A.I., Blockchain, Cloud Computing, Big Data) with PRC-connected entities.

                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                            Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                            More

                                                                                                                                                                                            Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                            3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                            31 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                            19 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                            8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                            12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                            9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                            79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                            Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                            The link above can be used to filter by country

                                                                                                                                                                                            1. https://chinatechmap.aspi.org.au/

                                                                                                                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                              10.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                              In my country, PRC-connected entities are shareholders or developers of the top five popular social media/messaging apps, based on usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                              No

                                                                                                                                                                                              Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                              2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                              44 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                              4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                              36 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                              80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                              Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                              As of the conclusion of the U.S. China Index data collection period (September 1st 2021), TikTok was not ranked among the top 5 of social media applications in America by usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                              1. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2021/04/07/social-media-use-in-2021/

                                                                                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                11.
                                                                                                                                                                                                Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                In my country, the central or local government(s) has collaborated with the PRC on endorsing the use of BeiDou satellite navigation system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                No

                                                                                                                                                                                                Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                64 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                17 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hide

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Domestic Politics

                                                                                                                                                                                                    The Domestic Politics Domain evaluates PRC efforts to influence the political landscape in the Index country, and the footprint of PRC security companies.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    1.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                    In my country, politicians or government employees at the sub-national level are signing agreements with the PRC government or state-owned enterprises.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Skip

                                                                                                                                                                                                    More

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                    1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                    0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                    20 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                    1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                    5 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                    2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                    12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                    3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                    23 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                    4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                    21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                    81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                    This is unknown, but 75% certain that the agreements exist.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                        2.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, local municipalities have sister-city ties (友好城市) with municipalities in the PRC.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                        10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        19 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        19 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        23 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, politicians or government employees have taken trips to the PRC paid for by PRC-connected individuals or entities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                        9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                        22 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        16 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        16 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        73 countries answered this indicator; 9 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, politicians or government employees visit the PRC and have meetings with PRC officials and think tanks.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        14 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        25 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        32 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, law enforcement and judicial related training offered the PRC-connected individuals or entities has been accepted by national or subnational governments.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        No

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                        46 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        16 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                        6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                        81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                            6.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                            In my country, there are reports of politicians or political parties receiving campaign donations that originate in the PRC.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Answer ( 3 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                            More

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                            4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                            60 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                            1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                            4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                            2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                            0 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                            3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                            10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                            4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                            4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                            78 countries answered this indicator; 4 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                            See below link.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. https://www.wsj.com/articles/political-donors-linked-to-china-won-access-to-trump-gop-11592925569

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                              7.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pressure

                                                                                                                                                                                                              In my country, groups with reported links to the United Front Work Department (UFWD) have hosted fundraisings or have provided other forms of support for government employees, politicians or parties.

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                                                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                              64 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                              8.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pressure

                                                                                                                                                                                                              In my country, groups with reported links to the United Front Work Department (UFWD) have made public statements opposing the candidacy of a local political candidate or party, claiming them being “anti-China”.

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Skip

                                                                                                                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                              1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                              78 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              0 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                              0 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                              81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unclear. Almost all at local level.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Supplementary Notes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                There is a lot of activity, but providing the direct linkages to confirm the UFWD-connected groups & individuals have made such statements is an analytic endeavor beyond the scope here. Significant also would mean that the elections were close enough that Chinese-American community groups provided enough voters to push elections one or another--or at least were sufficiently large to be a key constituency.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  9.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  In my country, politicians or government employees have publicly expressed positive views of the PRC government.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Skip

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  12 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  11 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  37 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Supplementary Notes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No way to get an accurate gauge.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      10.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      In my country, politicians or government employees have received direct or deferred benefits from PRC-connected individuals or entities openly or covertly (e.g. have been appointed to lucrative positions as board members or consultants with PRC-invested firms, casinos, energy companies, etc.) during or in retirement from public office.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      18 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      73 countries answered this indicator; 9 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      See below links. The first link: The Georgetown China Initiative is run by a former senior executive at CIA and NSC Senior Director. It also includes several former officials. The second link: The book shows that CPPCC Vice Chairman Tung Chee-hwa's foundation paid/supported Jeffrey Bader who is a former State Department official, ambassador, and NSC senior director.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. https://www.georgetown.edu/news/10m-gift-will-create-u-s-china-initiative-on-global-issues-at-georgetown/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. https://books.google.com/books?id=bQyfMmqjf-YC&pg=PR11&lpg=PR11&dq=%22jeffrey+a+bader%22+%22china-us+exchange+foundation%22&source=bl&ots=8mp9OxioF1&sig=ACfU3U1LgxyhYJZbCMVD1Au2fJxOsZscGQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjJupeGnL7xAhXTMlkFHbyYAJYQ6AEwBHoECAUQAw#v=onepage&q=%22jeffrey%20a%20bader%22%20%22china-us%20exchange%20foundation%22&f=false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3. https://wynnresortslimited.gcs-web.com/board-member/clark-randt-jr
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Study-Groups/2014-2018/Documents/meetings/Bio_Andy_Purdy.pdf

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        11.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        In my country, security services (安保/保安) offered by private PRC companies are contracted by national or subnational governments.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        67 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hide

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Foreign Policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The Foreign Policy Domain gauges PRC efforts to achieve diplomatic objectives by influencing key actors in the Index country.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            My country’s legislature has a joint parliamentary friendship group, committee or other forms of sub-organizations with PRC.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            25 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            57 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Representatives of a political party in my country’s national legislature have met officially with representatives of the PRC.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                20 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                82 countries answered this indicator; 0 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                See below link.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. https://www.wsj.com/articles/political-donors-linked-to-china-won-access-to-trump-gop-11592925569

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pressure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The PRC provides training to diplomats or civil servants on governance from my country (such as at 国家行政学院 or 中央党校).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  39 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  11 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  10 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  14 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pressure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      In my country, politicians or government employees have been pressured by PRC diplomats to change their political or diplomatic stances.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      41 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      8 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pressure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Citizens of my country have been detained in PRC or denied exit visas, and believed to be suffering from unfair legal treatments for political reasons, a.k.a. “hostage diplomacy”.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Answer ( 4 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      61 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      19 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The head of state, head of government or foreign minister of my country has denied Taiwan’s right to participate as a member, observer or guest in WHO.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      65 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4/ Yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      14 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      79 countries answered this indicator; 3 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Not Found

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          7.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          My country publicly supported the appointment of a PRC official to be the head of a United Nations agency (such as the FAO or ICAO) or other intergovernmental organizations (such as INTERPOL).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Answer ( 0 / 4 )

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          9 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          0/ No

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          62 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1/ Few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2/ More than a few, but insignificant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3/ Few, but significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          7 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4/ More than a few, and significant

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          73 countries answered this indicator; 9 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Possible but not within the last five years

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              8.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              My government has shown support of PRC's territorial claims (such as on the South China Sea arbitration ruling issued by the UNCLOS Arbitral Tribunal in July 2016; except claims over Taiwan, which are indirectly covered in indicator 6.)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oppose

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              0/ My country has rejected PRC’s claim

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              24 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2/ My country has remained silent

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              36 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              4/ My country has adhered to PRC’s claim

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. https://www.state.gov/fifth-anniversary-of-the-arbitral-tribunal-ruling-on-the-south-china-sea/

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                9.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                My country has shown one of the following stances on PRC’s treatment of its Uyghur population.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oppose

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                0/ My country has denounced PRC

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                31 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2/ My country has remained silent

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                32 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                4/ My country has voiced support to PRC’s stance

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                17 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. https://thediplomat.com/2020/06/trump-signs-uyghur-human-rights-act-into-law/

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  10.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  My country has shown one of the following stances on PRC’s treatment of its Tibet population.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oppose

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  0/ My country has denounced PRC

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2/ My country has remained silent

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  46 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  4/ My country has voiced support to PRC’s stance

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  13 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  80 countries answered this indicator; 2 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Supporting Evidence

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-report-on-international-religious-freedom/china/tibet/

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Answered by 1 anonymous expert, and has been reviewed by PSA Team

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    11.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Effect

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    My government has not publicly criticized the PRC’s imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oppose

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    More

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Skipped

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0/ My country has denounced PRC

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    24 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2/ My country has remained silent

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    36 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    4/ My country has voiced support to PRC’s stance

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    21 countries chose this answer

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    81 countries answered this indicator; 1 countries skipped this indicator

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hide
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